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Heath's Modern Language Series: Mariucha
E
e and (used only before
i or
hi)
¡ea! come on! well!
eclesiástico, -a ecclesiastic, of the church
echar put forth; drive out; put, put on; throw, cast;
– sangre bleed;
– a,
—se a start to;
—se lie down
edad f. age;
de — aged
edificar build
edificio m. building, structure
educación f. education
educar educate
efecto m. effect; fact;
en — that is so, in truth, really
eficaz efficacious, efficient
efusión f. effusion
egoísmo m. selfishness
egoísta selfish
¡eh! eh! pshaw!
ejemplo m. example, instance;
sin — unparalleled
elección f. choice, election
electricidad f. electricity
eléctrico, -a electric
elegancia f. elegance
elegante elegant
elemento m. element
elevar raise; p.p. high
elogiar praise
elogio m. praise
ello neut. pron. it;
– es the fact is
embajada f. embassy
embajador m. embassy
embarcar put aboard a vessel;
—se embark
embargo: sin — nevertheless
embarullarse become mixed or confused
embestida f. attack
emblema m. emblem
emoción f. emotion
empalagoso, -a sweet to satiety, insipid
empalizada f. fence
emperatriz f. empress
empezar begin
emplear employ
emplomado, -a leaded (with leaden ribs)
empobrecer impoverish
emprender undertake, begin
empresa f. enterprise
en in, into, on, over, at, to; with; as, like;
– esto meanwhile
enamorado, -a (de) in love (with); n.m. lover
enamorarse de fall in love with
enardecerse grow bold
encadenar chain, bind
encaje m. lace
encajería f. III, 106 (assortment of) laces
encantador, -ra enchanting
encantar enchant; fascinate
encanto m. enchantment, charm, delight
encarcelar imprison
encargar charge, order; commission;
—se de look after
encargo m. commission, order
encastillarse shut oneself up (as in a castle)
encender light, kindle
encerrar shut up
encima (de) above, on;
por — above
encoger shorten, shrink; p.p. timid
encontradizo: hacerse el — pretend to meet by chance
encontrar find, meet; consider;
—se be; meet
encubrir conceal
encuentro m. meeting;
al – de to meet
enemigo, -a hostile; n.m. enemy
energía f. energy;
con — energetically
enfadoso, -a annoying
énfasis m. emphasis
enfermedad f. sickness, disease
enfermo, -a sick
enfrente in front, opposite
engañar deceive, fool
engaño m. deception
engordar fatten
engrandecimiento m. betterment
enhorabuena f. congratulation
enigma m. enigma, riddle
enjalma f. light packsaddle
enjundia f. fat, richness
enlazar put one's arm around
enloquecer render insane, bewitch
enmienda f. correction, amendment
enmudecer grow dumb, be silent
ennegrecer blacken
enorgullecer make proud
enredadera f. vine
enredo m. entanglement
enrejado m. trellis
enriquecerse grow rich
ensancharse expand
ensanche m. expansion, enlargement
enseñar teach; show
ensueño m. dream, imagination
entender understand;
se entiende of course; I, 794
entendido I see
entendimiento m. understanding, mind
enterar inform;
—se de learn, find out, inquire into; take note of
entereza f. firmness
entero, -a whole, entire, all
entierro m. burial
entonación f. intonation
entonces then, at that time;
por —,
por aquel — at that time
entrada f. entrance
entrar (en) enter, go in, advance; come upon; trans. lead in
entre between, among;
– tanto meanwhile
entreabrir half open, push ajar
entrega f. delivery
entregar give over, hand, deliver
entremetido, -a meddlesome
entretener entertain; detain;
—se kill time; take pleasure; delay; p.p. diverting; amused
entretenidito, -a (dim. of
entretenido) very much absorbed
entrevista f. interview
entrometido, -a meddlesome
entusiasmar rouse to enthusiasm
entusiasmo m. enthusiasm
envenenar poison
enviar send
envidioso, -a envious
envilecer debase
envolver wrap
equipaje m. (also pl.) baggage, luggage
equivocarse be mistaken
ermita f. hermitage
error m. mistake, error
escalera f. stairs, stairway
escalerilla f. small stairway
escandalizarse be scandalized
escándalo m. scandal, rumpus, outrage;
armar or
dar un — make trouble
escapar escape
escarmiento m. chastisement, merited lesson
escasez f. need, scarcity
escena f. scene, stage
escenario m. stage
escéptico, -a sceptical
esclavina f. priest's collar
esclavitud f. slavery
escoger choose, select
esconder hide, conceal;
—se lurk, hide, be hidden
Escorial, El m. the Escurial (the enormous monastery erected by Philip II on the east slope of the Guadarrama mountains, thirty miles north-west of Madrid. It is said to contain 16 patios, 2673 windows, 1200 doors, 86 staircases, and 89 fountains.)
escribir write;
por escrito in writing
escuchar listen to
escuela f. school
ese,
esa that;
ése,
ésa,
eso that one, that;
eso es just so;
eso sí to be sure, indeed;
a eso de at about;
por eso on that account
esfera f. sphere
esfuerzo m. effort
esmeralda f. emerald
espacio m. period, space
espalda f. (also pl.) back
espantoso, -a terrific, terrible
España f. Spain
español, -la Spanish;
el Español = el Teatro Español the foremost theater of Madrid
esparcir scatter
espectáculo m. sight
esperanza f. hope
esperar expect, await, wait (for), hope (for)
espeso, -a thick
espesura f. thicket, dense wood or brush
espíritu m. mind, spirit
espléndido, -a splendid
esposo, -a m. and f. husband, wife;
—os husband and wife
espuma f. froth, foam
esquela f. note
establecer fix, bring about
establecimiento m. establishment
estación f. station
estado m. state, condition
estallar burst forth
estancia f. room
estante m. shelves, bookcase, stand
estar be (temporary condition; location)
este, -a this; the latter;
éste,
ésta,
esto this one, this; the latter;
en esto during this time
Esteban m. Stephen;
San – de Gormaz an ancient village on the river Duero, in the province of Soria
estepa f. steppe, barren plain
estimación f. esteem
estimar value, regard
estimular stimulate, quicken
estipular stipulate
estoico, -a stoic
estola f. stole
estorbar trouble, prevent, be a hindrance, be in the way
estrechar press, grasp, clasp
estrella f. star
estrellar dash against
estrenar play or wear for the first time
estrepitoso, -a loud, noisy
estrujar crush, squeeze
estudiar study, prepare
estúpido, -a stupid
estupor m. amazement
eterno, -a eternal
etiqueta f. etiquette, form
evitar avoid
exacto, -a exact
exaltación f. excitement, passion
exaltado, -a excited
examinar examine
exasperado, -a exasperated
exasperarse become excited
excelente excellent
excepción f. exception
excesivamente excessively
exceso m. excess
excitado, -a excited
exclamación f. exclamation
excluir exclude
exhortar exhort
exhorto m. letters requisitorial (request sent by one judge to another)
exigencia f. demand
exigente exacting
exigir require, demand
existencia f. existence, life; pl. stock
existir exist
expansión f. expansiveness
expectación f. expectation, period of waiting;
con — expectantly
expediente m. proceedings, action; procedure
expiación f. expiation
expiar expiate
expirar expire, die away
explanada f. esplanade, level piece of ground
explicación f. explanation
explicar explain
exponer expose
expresar express
expresión f. expression
expresivo, -a expressive
exquisito, -a exquisite; extreme
éxtasis m. ecstasy
extender extend, stretch, spread
extensión f. expanse
exterior m. exterior
extinguir extinguish;
—se die out
extraer extract
extraordinario, -a extraordinary
extraviarse go astray, become lost
extremo, -a extreme; n.m. end, extreme;
por — extremely
F
fábrica f. factory
fabuloso, -a fabulous
facción f. feature
fácil easy
factura f. bill, invoice
facha f. appearance, look; show, "sight"
fachada f. façade, front
falda f. skirt
falso, -a false
falta f. fault, mistake; omission, failure, lack;
hace – it is necessary or needed;
sin – without fail
faltar go back on, fail, not be present; be lacking, be missing;
poco le faltaba he came near
fama f. reputation
familia f. family
familiaridad f. familiarity
fantasía f. imagination
fantástico, -a fantastic
fantasmón m. conceited ass
farolito m. Chinese lantern
farsante m. hypocrite, bluffer
fascinar fascinate, hypnotize
fatalidad f. fatality
fatiga f. weariness; trouble
fatigar fatigue, tire
favor m. favor;
por — please
favorecer favor, aid
fe f. faith;
buena — good faith
febril feverish
felicidad f. happiness; I, 749 pl. good-bye
feliz happy; fortunate
fenomenal tremendous
feo, -a homely, ugly
feria f. fair, market, holiday
ferial m. market, fair
feróstico, -a capricious, wayward
ferrocarril m. railway
ferviente fervent
fervoroso, -a ardent
festejo m. feast, entertainment
feudalismo m. feudalism
fiar (de, en),
fiarse (de) trust (to)
fidelidad f. fidelity
fiera f. wild beast
fierecilla f. little savage
fiero, -a fierce, savage
fiesta f. fête, celebration, holiday;
hacer —s a caress, play with
figura f. figure, form, appearance
figurar figure, appear;
—se imagine, fancy, suppose
fijamente fixedly
fijar fix;
—se become fixed;
—se en notice
fijo, -a fixed, unchanging;
de — surely
Filomena f. Philomena
fin m. end, object;
al — finally, at last;
en — in short, anyhow;
por — finally;
a – de,
a – de que in order that
finca f. country house
fingir dissemble, pretend; imagine, make up; p.p. feigned
fino, -a courteous, thoughtful; delicate; particular; fine, of good quality
firma f. signature, signing
firmar sign
firme firm, solid;
en — solidly
firmeza f. firmness
fisgón, -ona m. and f. prier, questioner
fisgonear pry
fisonomía f. face
flaquear weaken, fail
fleje m. strip of iron, hoop
flojo, -a small, weak
flor f. flower; (fig.) cream
foco m. focus; cluster (of lights)
fogoso, -a impetuous
foie-gras m. (French) fat goose-liver (used for a rich paste)
follaje m. foliage
fomento m. stimulation, fostering;
Ministro de — title of one of the cabinet officers in Spain; his duties correspond somewhat to those of our Secretaries of the Interior, Commerce, and Agriculture
fondo m. depth; background; rear of stage
forma f. form;
en — in due form
formal formal; serious, conscientious
formalidad f. formality, punctuality
formar form;
– causa or
proceso bring suit
fórmula f. formula, form
formular formulate, draw up
foro m. back (of the stage); rear
fortalecer strengthen
fortaleza f. strength of mind; resistance, endurance; fortress
fortificar strengthen, fortify
fortuna f. fortune;
hacer — make one's fortune; bring big money
forzosamente necessarily
fráicas = fábricas
Francisco m. Frank
frase f. phrase, sentence
fraude m. fraud
frenético, -a in a frenzy
frente f. forehead; m. and f. front;
– a opposite, facing, face to face with;
en – de in front of
fresco, -a fresh, brand-new; cool, cold
frío, -a cold; n.m. cold;
hacer — be cold (of the weather)
frondoso, -a leafy, shady
fruta f.,
fruto m. fruit
fuego m. fire
fuente f. spring, fountain; running water
fuera outside;
– de outside;
– de lo común unusual
fuerte strong, powerful, vigorous; harsh
fuerza f. strength, force; dint
fugaz fleeting, passing
fundamentar explain, give a reason for
fundamento m. foundation
fundar m. foundation
furia f. fury
furioso, -a furious, raving
furor m. fury
futuro, -a future
G
gaceta f. gazette, newspaper
galanteo m. intrigue, flirtation, gallantry
galantería f. gallantry
galería f. gallery; veranda
gallardía f. elegance, courage
gallardo, -a, gallant, handsome, confident
gana f. (also pl.) desire;
de buena — willingly;
de mala — unwillingly; III, 36
es – de they go out of their way to
ganancia f. gain, profit
ganar gain, get, earn;
– a win, beat
ganguita f. (dim. of
ganga) bit of luck
garantía f. security
garganta f. throat
garra f. claw, clutch
gastar waste, spend, wear, use, keep
gasto m. expense
gaznápiro m. simpleton, booby
generación f. generation
género m. kind, sort; race; cloth, material, goods
generosidad f. generosity
generoso, -a generous, noble; (of wines) rich, heady
gente f. people, folk, persons
gestión f. exertion, effort
gesto m. face, gesture, manner
gigante giant, gigantic; n.m. giant
giorno (Italian, day);
a — as bright as day
girar turn, revolve, whirl about;
– sobre sí turn around
giro m. turn, course
gloria f. glory, heavenly bliss
glorieta f. arbor, bower
gobernación f. government;
Ministro de la — one of the cabinet officers, having in charge local administration, mail and telegraphs, public health, etc.
gobernar govern, manage
gobierno m. government
golpe m. blow, stroke, bang;
dar — create a sensation
gordo, -a fat, huge
gota f. drop
gozar (de), (con) enjoy, take delight
gozo m. joy
gozoso, -a joyful
gracejo m. wit
gracia f. attraction, grace, cleverness, wittiness; favor; pl. thanks
gracioso, -a amusing, funny
grande, gran great, large; n. grandee (cf. note to IV, 116)
grandeza f. greatness
grandioso, -a imposing
granjería f. profit, profitable trade
grano m. grain
gratificación f. tip, gratuity
gratitud f. gratitude
grato, -a pleasing, acceptable
gratuitamente gratis, free
grave serious; low
gravedad f. gravity
gritar shout, shriek, call out
grito m. cry, shout, shriek
grupo m. group
guante m. glove
guapo m. bold fellow
guardar keep, observe; watch, guard; (also refl.) put away, keep
guardarropa m. wardrobe
guardia m. policeman; f. guard;
la – civil the rural police
güelo, güela = abuelo, abuela
guerra f. war
guisar cook
guitarra f. guitar
gustar please;
no me gusta I don't like
gusto m. pleasure; taste; pl. likes and dislikes;
mucho — pleased to meet you;
tener – en be glad to
H
ha = hay; III, 38
¿– lugar? can I come in?
haber have; impersonal
hay, etc. there is, there are;
hay que one must;
– de hacer have to do, must do, will do, be about to do;
dos meses ha two months ago
habitación f. room, apartment
habituar accustom
habladurías f. pl. gossip
hablar speak, talk;
– mal scold
hacer make, do, create, cause;
hace … ago;
hace tiempo a long time ago;
¿qué tiempo hace? what is the weather like?
—se be made, take place, occur;
hace cuatro meses que estoy pidiendo for four months I have been asking;
—la buena make a break, get into trouble (cf. note to II, 86)
hacia toward
hacienda f. estate, property; farm, farm lands
hacha f. hatchet
hada f. fairy
¡hale!: – con ellas go at them
hallar find;
—se be
hambre f. hunger;
tener — be hungry
harapiento, -a ragged, in rags
hasta up to, as far as; until; even;
– que until
hectárea f. hectare (about 2 1/2 acres)
hecho m. fact; deed
hechura f. workmanship;
—s de casa homemade model
heredar inherit
herencia f. inheritance
herir wound, strike
hermana f. sister
hermanito m. little brother
hermano m. brother;
—s brother and sister, brothers and sisters
hermoso, -a beautiful
hermosura f. beauty
heroína f. heroine
herramienta f. tool, instrument
hierro m. iron
hija f. daughter, child
hijita f. little daughter
hijo m. son, child; offspring, result; pl. children
himno m. hymn
hiperbólico, -a hyperbolical, exaggerated
hipócrita hypocritical
hipotecario, -a of a mortgage;
con garantía —a with collateral security
historia f. story; history
hogaza f. large loaf of bread
holganza f. idleness, leisure
hombre m. man;
– de bien honorable man;
¡– de Dios! man alive!
hombro m. shoulder
hondo, -a deep, profound
honra f. honor
honradez f. honesty, fair dealing
honrado, -a honorable, honest
honrar honor; p.p. honest, honorable
honroso, -a honorable
hora f. hour; time;
es primera – de la noche it is early evening
horizonte m. horizon
hormigueo m. swarming, movement
horrendo, -a dreadful, hideous
horroroso, -a fearful
hortalizas f.pl. green vegetables
hospitalario, -a hospitable
hostil hostile
hoy to-day
hueco m. hollow, opening
huir (a), (de) flee, run away escape (from); IV, 398
– el cuerpo dodge, avoid conflict
hulla f. soft coal, bituminous coal
humanidad f. humanity
humano, -a human
humilde humble
humillación f. humiliation
humillante humiliating
humillar humiliate
humo m. smoke; pl. conceit, presumption
hundir sink, crush, plunge;
—se sink, be ruined
huracán m. storm
I
ídem (Latin) the same (as that just mentioned), ditto
identificarse con (una idea) seize, catch (an idea)
iglesia f. church
ignominia f. infamy, ignominy
ignorancia f. ignorance
ignorar not to know
igual equal, like, the same;
– que just as
igualar equal
iluminar light up, illuminate
ilusión f. illusion
iluso, -a deluded, impractical
ilustre illustrious, noble
imagen f. image
imaginar imagine; intend, think of
imaginativo, -a imaginative, of vivid imagination
imitar imitate
impaciencia f. impatience
impaciente impatient
impávido, -a undaunted, bold
impedir prevent
imperioso, -a imperious
impertinencia f. impertinence
impetuoso, -a impetuous
imponer impose
importancia f. importance
importante important
importar matter
importunar bore, trouble
imposible IV, 74 hopeless
ímprobo, -a painful, laborious
impropio, -a (de) unsuited (to)
improvisar improvise
imprudencia f. imprudence
imprudente imprudent
impulsar impel
impulsivo, -a impulsive
impulso m. impulse;
dar — set in motion
impune unpunished
in aeternum (Latin) forever
inaudito, -a unheard of, extraordinary
inauguración f. inauguration
inaugurar inaugurate
incandescente incandescent
incapaz unfit, incompetent
incierto, -a uncertain
incitar urge
inclinación f. inclination
incluso, -a included, including
incoar begin (a lawsuit)
incomodarse object, take offense; p.p. disturbed, irritated
incontrastable irresistible
inconveniente I, 560 unfortunate; n.m. drawback, objection
incredulidad f. incredulity
incurrir en incur, bring upon oneself
indecente rotten
indecible unspeakable;
gozo lo — I take unspeakable pleasure
indicación f. sign
indicar indicate, suggest, point to; p.p. (medical) indicated
indiferente indifferent
indignación f. indignation
indignado, -a indignant
indignarse get indignant
indiscreción f. indiscretion
índole f. nature, character
indudable undoubted, clear
indulgente indulgent
indulto m. pardon
industria f. industry, business
industrioso, -a industrious
inefable ineffable
inerme defenseless
inesperado, -a unexpected
inexpugnable impregnable
infalible infallible
infamante defaming, dishonoring
infame infamous; n.m. wretch
infantil childish
infeliz wretched, poor, unhappy, unlucky
inferior inferior
infierno m. hades, hell;
del quinto — see note to III, 76
infinito, -a infinite; adv.
—o infinitely
inflamar inflame
influencia f. influence, political power
influir en influence
informalidad f. unreliability, breach of faith
informar inform
infortunio m. ill luck, misfortune
infundir instil
ingenioso, -a ingenious
ingenuo, -a ingenuous, candid
ingerencia f. interference, meddling
Inglaterra f. England
ingratitud f. ingratitude, act of ingratitude
ingrato, -a ungrateful, disagreeable
ingreso m. money received, amount to one's credit; entrance, admission
iniciar begin, initiate
inicuo, -a iniquitous, wicked
injurioso, -a insulting
injusticia f. injustice
injusto, -a unjust
inmediatamente immediately
inmenso, -a immense
inmóvil motionless
inquebrantable unconquerable
inquietar worry
inquieto, -a anxious, restless
inquietud f. restlessness, anxiety
inquilino, -a m. and f. tenant
insano, -a insane
inscribir inscribe, record
inseguro, -a uncertain
insistir insist
insolencia f. insolence
insolente insolent
inspiración f. inspiration
inspirar inspire
instalar instal, settle
instancia f.:
juzgado de primera — lowest court, primary court
instante m. instant, moment;
al — at once;
por —s every moment
instinto m. instinct
instrumento m. instrument
insuficiente insufficient
insufrible insufferable
intachable stainless
inteligencia f. intelligence, mind
intensidad f. intensity
intenso, -a intense
intentar try
intento m. intention;
de — on purpose
interés m. interest
interesante interesting;
hacerse el — make oneself an object of attention
interesar interest;
—se por take an interest in
interior inner, interior; n.m. interior
interioridad f. private affair
internarse slip in
interrogar question
interrompir interrupt
íntimo, -a intimate
inusitado, -a unaccustomed
inútil useless
invención f. invention, conception, idea
inventar invent
inverosímil improbable
invierno m. winter
invitación f. invitation
invitar invite
invocar invoke
ir go, be about to; sometimes replaces
ser as an auxiliary;
—se go away, depart;
vase (in stage directions) exit;
vaya I declare, well;
vaya usted con Dios good-bye;
¿Quién va? Who goes there? I, 364
vaya que ponerte a hablar to think that you should start talking; see also under vaya
ira f. wrath, anger
iracundo, -a angry
irascibilidad f. irritability
irascible irritable
irónico, -a ironical
irreflexivo, -a thoughtless
irrisorio, -a ludicrous
irritar irritate
izquierdo, -a left; f. left hand, left