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George Eliot's Life, as Related in Her Letters and Journals. Vol. 2 (of 3)
I am very much cheered by the way in which "Silas" is received. I hope it has made some slight pleasure for you too, in the midst of incomparably deeper feelings of sadness.31 Your quiet tour among the lakes was the best possible thing for you. What place is not better "out of the season"? – although I feel I am almost wicked in my hatred of being where there are many other people enjoying themselves. I am very far behind Mr. Buckle's millennial prospect, which is, that men will be more and more congregated in cities and occupied with human affairs, so as to be less and less under the influence of Nature —i. e., the sky, the hills, and the plains; whereby superstition will vanish and statistics will reign for ever and ever.
Mr. Lewes is kept in continual distraction by having to attend to my wants – going with me to the Magliabecchian Library, and poking about everywhere on my behalf – I having very little self-help about me of the pushing and inquiring kind.
I look forward with keen anxiety to the next outbreak of war – longing for some turn of affairs that will save poor Venice from being bombarded by those terrible Austrian forts.
Thanks for your letters: we both say, "More – give us more."
Letter to Charles L. Lewes, 27th May, 1861.
Florence is getting hot, and I am the less sorry to leave it because it has agreed very ill with the dear Paterculus. This evening we have been mounting to the top of Giotto's tower – a very sublime getting up-stairs, indeed – and our muscles are much astonished at the unusual exercise; so you must not be shocked if my letter seems to be written with dim faculties as well as with a dim light.
We have seen no one but Mrs. Trollope and her pretty little girl Beatrice, who is a musical genius. She is a delicate fairy, about ten years old, but sings with a grace and expression that make it a thrilling delight to hear her.
We have had glorious sunsets, shedding crimson and golden lights under the dark bridges across the Arno. All Florence turns out at eventide, but we avoid the slow crowds on the Lung' Arno, and take our way "up all manner of streets."
Journal, 1861.
May and June. – At the end of May Mr. T. Trollope came back and persuaded us to stay long enough to make the expedition to Camaldoli and La Vernia in his company. We arrived at Florence on the 4th May, and left it on the 7th June – thirty-four days of precious time spent there. Will it be all in vain? Our morning hours were spent in looking at streets, buildings, and pictures, in hunting up old books at shops or stalls, or in reading at the Magliabecchian Library. Alas! I could have done much more if I had been well; but that regret applies to most years of my life. Returned by Lago Maggiore and the St. Gothard; reached home June 14. Blackwood having waited in town to see us, came to lunch with us, and asked me if I would go to dine at Greenwich on the following Monday, to which I said "Yes," by way of exception to my resolve that I will go nowhere for the rest of this year. He drove us there with Colonel Stewart, and we had a pleasant evening – the sight of a game at golf in the park, and a hazy view of the distant shipping, with the Hospital finely broken by trees in the foreground. At dinner Colonel Hamley and Mr. Skene joined us; Delane, who had been invited, was unable to come. The chat was agreeable enough, but the sight of the gliding ships darkening against the dying sunlight made me feel chat rather importunate.
June 16.– This morning, for the first time, I feel myself quietly settled at home. I am in excellent health, and long to work steadily and effectively. If it were possible that I should produce better work than I have yet done! At least there is a possibility that I may make greater efforts against indolence and the despondency that comes from too egoistic a dread of failure.
June 19.– This is the last entry I mean to make in my old book, in which I wrote for the first time at Geneva in 1849. What moments of despair I passed through after that – despair that life would ever be made precious to me by the consciousness that I lived to some good purpose! It was that sort of despair that sucked away the sap of half the hours which might have been filled by energetic youthful activity; and the same demon tries to get hold of me again whenever an old work is dismissed and a new one is being meditated.
Letter to Miss Sara Hennell, 19th June, 1861.
Some of one's first thoughts on coming home after an absence of much length are about the friends one had left behind – what has happened to them in the meantime, and how are they now? And yet, though we came home last Friday evening, I have not had the quiet moment for writing these thoughts until this morning. I know I need put no questions to you, who always divine what I want to be told. We have had a perfect journey except as regards health – a large, large exception. The cold winds alternating with the hot sun, or some other cause, laid very unkind hold on Mr. Lewes early after our arrival at Florence, and he was ailing with sore throat and cough continually, so that he has come back looking thin and delicate, though the ailments seem to be nearly passed away.
I wish you could have shared the pleasures of our last expedition from Florence – to the Monasteries of Camaldoli and La Vernia; I think it was just the sort of thing you would have entered into with thorough zest. Imagine the Franciscans of La Vernia, which is perched upon an abrupt rock rising sheer on the summit of a mountain, turning out at midnight (and when there is deep snow for their feet to plunge in), and chanting their slow way up to the little chapel perched at a lofty distance above their already lofty monastery! This they do every night throughout the year, in all weathers.
Give my loving greeting to Cara and Mr. Bray, and then sit down and write me one of your charming letters, making a little picture of everybody and everything about you. God bless you! is the old-fashioned summing up of sincere affection, without the least smirk of studied civility.
Letter to Miss Sara Hennell, 12th July, 1861.
Your letter gave me a pleasant vision of Sunday sunshine on the flowers, and you among them, with your eyes brightened by busy and enjoyable thoughts.
Yes, I hope we are well out of that phase in which the most philosophic view of the past was held to be a smiling survey of human folly, and when the wisest man was supposed to be one who could sympathize with no age but the age to come.
When I received your Monday packet I was fresh from six quarto volumes on the history of the monastic orders, and had just begun a less formidable modern book on the same subject – Montalembert's "Monks of the West." Our reading, you see, lay in very different quarters, but I fancy our thoughts sometimes touched the same ground. I am rather puzzled and shocked, however, by your high admiration of the articles on the "Study of History," in the Cornhill. I should speak with the reserve due to the fact that I have only read the second article; and this, I confess, did not impress me as exhibiting any mastery of the question, while its tone towards much abler thinkers than the writer himself is to me extremely repulsive. Such writing as, "We should not be called upon to believe that every crotchet which tickled the insane vanity of a conceited Frenchman was an eternal and self-evident truth," is to me simply disgusting, though it were directed against the father of lies. It represents no fact except the writer's own desire to be bitter, and is worthily finished by the dull and irreverent antithesis of "the eternal truth and infernal lie."
I quite agree with you – so far as I am able to form a judgment – in regarding Positivism as one-sided; but Comte was a great thinker, nevertheless, and ought to be treated with reverence by all smaller fry.
I have just been reading the "Survey of the Middle Ages" contained in the fifth volume of the "Philosophie Positive," and to my apprehension few chapters can be fuller of luminous ideas. I am thankful to learn from it. There may be more profundity in the Cornhill's exposition than I am able to penetrate, or, possibly, the first article may contain weightier matter than the second.
Mrs. Bodichon is near us now, and one always gets good from contact with her healthy, practical life. Mr. Lewes is gone to see Mrs. Congreve and carry his net to the Wimbledon ponds. I hope he will get a little strength as well as grist for his microscope.
Letter to Mrs. Congreve, 18th July, 1861.
The English "Imitation" I told you of, which is used by the Catholics, is Challoner's. I have looked into it again since I saw you, and I think, if you want to give the book away, this translation is as good as any you are likely to get among current editions. If it were for yourself, an old bookstall would be more likely to furnish what you want. Don't ever think of me as valuing either you or Mr. Congreve less instead of more. You naughtily implied something of that kind just when you were running away from me. How could any goodness become less precious to me unless my life had ceased to be a growth, and had become mere shrinking and degeneracy? I always imagine that if I were near you now I should profit more by the gift of your presence – just as one feels about all past sunlight.
Diary, 1861.
July 24.– Walked with George over Primrose Hill. We talked of Plato and Aristotle.
July 26.– In the evening went to see Fechter as Hamlet, and sat next to Mrs. Carlyle.
July 30.– Read little this morning – my mind dwelling with much depression on the probability or improbability of my achieving the work I wish to do. I struck out two or three thoughts towards an English novel. I am much afflicted with hopelessness and melancholy just now, and yet I feel the value of my blessings.
Letter to Miss Sara Hennell, 30th July, 1861.
Thornie, our second boy, is at home from Edinburgh for his holidays, and I am apt to give more thought than is necessary to any little change in our routine. We had a treat the other night which I wished you could have shared with us. We saw Fechter in Hamlet. His conception of the part is very nearly that indicated by the critical observations in "Wilhelm Meister," and the result is deeply interesting – the naturalness and sensibility of the Wesen overcoming in most cases the defective intonation. And even the intonation is occasionally admirable; for example, "And for my soul, what can he do to that?" etc., is given by Fechter with perfect simplicity, whereas the herd of English actors imagine themselves in a pulpit when they are saying it. À propos of the pulpit, I had another failure in my search for edification last Sunday. Mme. Bodichon and I went to Little Portland Street Chapel, and lo! instead of James Martineau there was a respectable old Unitarian gentleman preaching about the dangers of ignorance and the satisfaction of a good conscience, in a tone of amiable propriety which seemed to belong to a period when brains were untroubled by difficulties, and the lacteals of all good Christians were in perfect order. I enjoyed the fine selection of collects he read from the Liturgy. What an age of earnest faith, grasping a noble conception of life and determined to bring all things into harmony with it, has recorded itself in the simple, pregnant, rhythmical English of those collects and of the Bible! The contrast when the good man got into the pulpit and began to pray in a borrowed, washy lingo – extempore in more senses than one!
Diary, 1861.
Aug. 1.– Struggling constantly with depression.
Aug. 2.– Read Boccaccio's capital story of Fra Cipolla – one of his few good stories – and the Little Hunchback in the "Arabian Nights," which is still better.
Aug. 10.– Walked with G. We talked of my Italian novel. In the evening, Mr. Pigott and Mr. Redford.
Aug. 12.– Got into a state of so much wretchedness in attempting to concentrate my thoughts on the construction of my story that I became desperate, and suddenly burst my bonds, saying, I will not think of writing!
Letter to Miss Sara Hennell, 12th Aug. 1861.
That doctrine which we accept rather loftily as a commonplace when we are quite young – namely, that our happiness lies entirely within, in our own mental and bodily state, which determines for us the influence of everything outward – becomes a daily lesson to be learned, and learned with much stumbling, as we get older. And until we know our friends' private thoughts and emotions we hardly know what to grieve or rejoice over for them.
Diary, 1861.
Aug. 17.– Mr. Pigott and Mr. Redford came, who gave us some music.
Aug. 20.– This morning I conceived the plot of my novel with new distinctness.
Aug. 24.– Mr. Pigott and Mr. Redford came, and we had music. These have been placid, ineffective days, my mind being clouded and depressed.
Aug. 26.– Went with Barbara to her school, and spent the afternoon there.
Aug. 31.– In the evening came Mr. Pigott and Mr. Redford, and we had some music.
Letter to Charles L. Lewes, 11th Sept. 1861, from Malvern.
Your letter was a great delight to us, as usual; and the check, too, was welcome to people under hydropathic treatment, which appears to stimulate waste of coin as well as of tissue. Altogether, we are figures in keeping with the landscape when it is well damped or "packed" under the early mist.
We thought rather contemptuously of the hills on our arrival; like travelled people, we hinted at the Alps and Apennines, and smiled with pity at our long-past selves, that had felt quite a thrill at the first sight of them. But now we have tired our limbs by walking round their huge shoulders we begin to think of them with more respect. We simply looked at them at first; we feel their presence now, and creep about them with due humility – whereby, you perceive, there hangs a moral. I do wish you could have shared for a little while with us the sight of this place. I fear you have never seen England under so lovable an aspect. On the southeastern side, where the great green hills have their longest slope, Malvern stands, well nestled in fine trees – chiefly "sounding sycamores" – and beyond there stretches to the horizon, which is marked by a low, faint line of hill, a vast level expanse of grass and cornfields, with hedge-rows everywhere plumed with trees, and here and there a rolling mass of wood; it is one of the happiest scenes the eyes can look on —freundlich, according to the pretty German phrase. On the opposite side of this main range of hills there is a more undulated and more thickly wooded country which has the sunset all to itself, and is bright with departing lights when our Malvern side is in cold evening shadow. We are so fortunate as to look out over the wide southeastern valley from our sitting-room window.
Our landlady is a quaint old personage, with a strong Cheshire accent. She is, as she tells us, a sharp old woman, and "can see most things pretty quick;" and she is kind enough to communicate her wisdom very freely to us less crisply baked mortals.
Diary, 1861.
Sept. 11.– Yesterday we returned from Malvern (having gone there on 4th). During our stay I read Mrs. Jameson's book on the "Legends of the Monastic Orders," corrected the first volume of "Adam Bede" for the new edition, and began Marchese's "Storia di San Marco."
Letter to Miss Sara Hennell, 18th Sept. 1861.
I enter into your and Cara's furniture-adjusting labors and your enjoyment of church and chapel afterwards. One wants a temple besides the outdoor temple – a place where human beings do not ramble apart, but meet with a common impulse. I hope you have some agreeable lens through which you can look at circumstances – good health, at least. And really I begin to think people who are robust are in a position to pity all the rest of the world – except, indeed, that there are certain secrets taught only by pain, which are, perhaps, worth the purchase.
Diary, 1861.
Sept. 23.– I have been unwell ever since we returned from Malvern, and have been disturbed, from various causes, in my work, so that I have scarcely done anything except correct my own books for a new edition. To-day I am much better, and hope to begin a more effective life to-morrow.
Sept. 28.– In the evening Mr. Spencer, Mr. Pigott, and Mr. Redford came. We talked with Mr. Spencer about his chapter on the "Direction of Force" —i. e., line of least resistance.
Sept. 29 (Sunday). – Finished correcting "Silas Marner." I have thus corrected all my books for a new and cheaper edition, and feel my mind free for other work. Walked to the Zoo with the boys.
Oct. 3.– To-day our new grand piano came – a great addition to our pleasures.
Oct. 4.– My mind still worried about my plot – and without any confidence in my ability to do what I want.
Oct. 5.– In the evening Mr. Redford and Mr. Spencer came, and we had much music.
Letter to Miss Sara Hennell, 6th Oct. 1861.
We are enjoying a great pleasure, a new grand piano, and last evening we had a Beethoven night. We are looking out for a violinist: we have our violoncello, who is full of sensibility, but with no negative in him —i. e., no obstinate sense of time – a man who is all assent and perpetual rallentando. We can enjoy the pleasure the more because Mr. Lewes's health is promising.
Diary, 1861.
Oct. 7.– Began the first chapter of my novel ("Romola").
Oct. 9.– Read Nerli.
Oct. 11.– Nardi's "History of Florence." In the afternoon walked with Barbara, and talked with her from lunch till dinner-time.
Oct. 12.– In the evening we had our usual Saturday mixture of visitors, talk, and music; an agreeable addition being Dr. M'Donnell of Dublin.
Oct. 14.– Went with Barbara to her school to hear the children sing.
Oct. 18.– Walked with G. and Mr. Spencer to Hampstead, and continued walking for more than five hours. In the evening we had music. Mrs. Bodichon and Miss Parkes were our additional visitors.
Letter to Mrs. Congreve, 23d Oct. 1861.
I am rather jealous of the friends who get so much of you – especially when they are so unmeritorious as to be evangelical and spoil your rest. But I will not grumble. I am in the happiest, most contented mood, and have only good news to tell you. I have hardly any trouble nearer to me than the American War and the prospects of poor cotton weavers. While you were shivering at Boulogne we were walking fast to avoid shivering at Malvern, and looking slightly blue after our sitz baths. Nevertheless that discipline answered admirably, and Mr. Lewes's health has been steadily improving since our Malvern expedition. As for me, imagine what I must be to have walked for five hours the other day! Or, better still, imagine me always cheerful, and infer the altered condition of my mucous membrane. The difference must be there; for it is not in my moral sentiments or in my circumstances, unless, indeed, a new grand piano, which tempts me to play more than I have done for years before, may be reckoned an item important enough to have contributed to the change. We talk of you very often, and the image of you is awakened in my mind still oftener. You are associated by many subtile, indescribable ties with some of my most precious and most silent thoughts. I am so glad you have the comfort of feeling that Mr. Congreve is prepared for his work again. I am hoping to hear, when we see you, that the work will be less and less fagging, now the introductory years are past.
Charley is going to Switzerland for his holiday next month. We shall enjoy our dual solitude; yet the dear boy is more and more precious to us from the singular rectitude and tenderness of his nature. Make signs to us as often as you can. You know how entirely Mr. Lewes shares my delight in seeing you and hearing from you.
Diary, 1861.
Oct. 28 and 30. – Not very well. Utterly desponding about my book.
Oct. 31.– Still with an incapable head – trying to write, trying to construct, and unable.
Nov. 6.– So utterly dejected that, in walking with G. in the Park, I almost resolved to give up my Italian novel.
Nov. 10 (Sunday). – New sense of things to be done in my novel, and more brightness in my thoughts. Yesterday I was occupied with ideas about my next English novel; but this morning the Italian scenes returned upon me with fresh attraction. In the evening read "Monteil." A marvellous book; crammed with erudition, yet not dull or tiresome.
Nov. 14.– Went to the British Museum reading-room for the first time – looking over costumes.
Nov. 20.– Mrs. Congreve, Miss Bury, and Mr. Spencer to lunch.
Letter to Miss Sara Hennell, 22d Nov. 1861.
Your loving words of remembrance find a very full answer in my heart – fuller than I can write. The years seem to rush by now, and I think of death as a fast-approaching end of a journey – double and treble reason for loving as well as working while it is day. We went to see Fechter's Othello the other night. It is lamentably bad. He has not weight and passion enough for deep tragedy; and, to my feeling, the play is so degraded by his representation that it is positively demoralizing – as, indeed, all tragedy must be when it fails to move pity and terror. In this case it seems to move only titters among the smart and vulgar people who always make the bulk of a theatre audience. We had a visit from our dear friend Mrs. Congreve on Wednesday – a very infrequent pleasure now; for between our own absences from home and hers, and the fatigue of London journeying, it is difficult for us to manage meetings. Mr. Congreve is, as usual, working hard in his medical studies – toiling backward and forward daily. What courage and patience are wanted for every life that aims to produce anything!
Journal, 1861.
Nov. 30.– In the evening we had Wilkie Collins, Mr. Pigott, and Mr. Spencer, and talked without any music.
Dec. 3-7.– I continued very unwell until Saturday, when I felt a little better. In the evening Dr. Baetcke, Mr. Pigott, and Mr. Redford.
Letter to Miss Sara Hennell, 6th Dec. 1861.
Miss Marshall came to see us yesterday. That is always a pleasure to me, not only from the sense I have of her goodness, but because she stirs so many remembrances. The first time I saw her was at Rufa's32 wedding; and don't you remember the evening we spent at Mrs. Dobson's? How young we all were then – how old now! She says you are all under the impression that Mr. Lewes is still very ailing. Thank all good influences it is not so. He has been mending ever since we went to Malvern, and is enjoying life and work more than he has done before for nearly a year. He has long had it in his mind to write a history of science – a great, great undertaking, which it is happiness to both of us to contemplate as possible for him. And now he is busy with Aristotle, and works with all the zest that belongs to fresh ideas. Strangely enough, after all the ages of writing about Aristotle, there exists no fair appreciation of his position in natural science.
I am particularly grumbling and disagreeable to myself just now, and I think no one bears physical pain so ill as I do, or is so thoroughly upset by it mentally.
Bulwer has behaved very nicely to me, and I have a great respect for the energetic industry with which he has made the most of his powers. He has been writing diligently in very various departments for more than thirty years, constantly improving his position, and profiting by the lessons of public opinion and of other writers.
I'm sorry you feel any degeneracy in Mr. George Dawson. There was something very winning about him in old days, and even what was not winning, but the reverse, affected me with a sort of kindly pity. With such a gift of tongue as he had, it was inevitable that speech should outrun feeling and experience, and I could well imagine that his present self might look back on that self of 21-27 with a sort of disgust. It so often happens that others are measuring us by our past self while we are looking back on that self with a mixture of disgust and sorrow. It would interest me a good deal to know just how Mr. Dawson preaches now.
I am writing on my knees with my feet on the fender, and in that attitude I always write very small – but I hope your sight is not teased by small writing.
Give my best love to Cara, and sympathy with her in the pleasure of grasping an old friend by the hand, and having long talks after the distance of years. I know Mr. Bray will enjoy this too – and the new house will seem more like the old one for this warming.
Journal, 1861.
Dec. 8 (Sunday). – G. had a headache, so we walked out in the morning sunshine. I told him my conception of my story, and he expressed great delight. Shall I ever be able to carry out my ideas? Flashes of hope are succeeded by long intervals of dim distrust. Finished the eighth volume of Lastri and began the ninth chapter of Varchi, in which he gives an accurate account of Florence.
Dec. 12.– Finished writing my plot, of which I must make several other draughts before I begin to write my book.
Dec. 13.– Read Poggiana. In the afternoon walked to Molini's and brought back Savonarola's "Dialogus de Veritate Prophetica," and "Compendium Revelationum," for £4!
Dec. 14.– In the evening came Mr. Huxley, Mr. Pigott, and Mr. Redford.
Dec. 17.– Studied the topography of Florence.
Letter to Mrs. Peter Taylor, 31st Dec. 1861.
It was pleasant to have a greeting from you at this season, when all signs of human kindness have a double emphasis. As one gets older epochs have necessarily some sadness, even for those who have, as I have, much family joy. The past, that one would like to mend, spreads behind one so lengthily, and the years of retrieval keep shrinking – the terrible peau de chagrin whose outline narrows and narrows with our ebbing life.
I hardly know whether it would be agreeable to you, or worth your while, ever to come to us on a Saturday evening, when we are always at home to any friend who may be kind enough to come to us. It would be very pleasant to us if it were pleasant to you.
During the latter half of 1861, I find the following among the books read: "Histoire des Ordres Religieux," Sacchetti's "Novelle," Sismondi's "History of the Italian Republics," "Osservatore Fiorentino," Tennemann's "History of Philosophy," T. A. Trollope's "Beata," Sismondi's "Le Moyen Age Illustré," "The Monks of the West," "Introduction to Savonarola's Poems," by Audin de Réans, Renan's "Études d'Histoire Religieuse," Virgil's "Eclogues," Buhle's "History of Modern Philosophy," Hallam on the "Study of Roman Law in the Middle Ages," Gibbon on the "Revival of Greek Learning," Nardi, Bulwer's "Rienzi," Burlamacchi's "Life of Savonarola," Pulci, Villari's "Life of Savonarola," Mrs. Jameson's "Sacred and Legendary Art," "Hymni and Epigrammati" of Marullus, Politian's "Epistles," Marchese's Works, Tiraboschi, Rock's "Hierurgia," Pettigrew "On Medical Superstition," Manni's "Life of Burchiello," Machiavelli's Works, Ginguené, Muratori "On Proper Names," Cicero "De Officiis," Petrarch's Letters, Craik's "History of English Literature," "Conti Carnivaleschi," Letters of Filelfo, Lastri, and Varchi, Heeren on the Fifteenth Century.
SUMMARY
JULY, 1860, TO DECEMBER, 1861
Return from Italy to Wandsworth, accompanied by Charles Lewes – "Mill on the Floss" success – 6000 sold – Letter to John Blackwood – French translation of "Adam Bede," by M. d'Albert of Geneva – Letter to Miss Hennell on her "Thoughts in Aid of Faith" – Letter to John Blackwood on Sir Edward Lytton's criticism of "The Mill on the Floss" – Letter to Mrs. Bray, recalling feelings on journey to Italy in 1849 – Letter to Miss Sara Hennell – Article on Strikes, by Henry Fawcett, in Westminster– Sitting to Lawrence for portrait – Letter to Madame Bodichon – Interest in her schools – Letter to Miss Hennell, explaining criticism of "Thoughts in Aid of Faith" – Reading Emerson's "Man the Reformer" – Deprecates writing about opinions on large questions in letters – Letter to John Blackwood – Italian novel project – Letter to Madame Bodichon – Love of the country – Removal to 10 Harewood Square – "Brother Jacob" written – Letter to Mrs. Congreve – Frederic Harrison's article in Westminster on "Essays and Reviews" – Letter to John Blackwood – Religious party standpoint – Classical quotations – Letter to Miss Hennell on re-reading "Thoughts in Aid of Faith" – Tribute to Mr. Lewes's dispassionate judgment – Suffering from loss of the country – Independence secured – Anthony Trollope and Arthur Helps – Queen's admiration of "Mill on the Floss" – Writing "Silas Marner" a sudden inspiration – Letter to Mrs. Congreve – Monday Popular Concerts – Moved to 16 Blandford Square – Waste of time in furnishing – Letter to Madame Bodichon – On religious forms and ceremonies – Herbert Spencer's new work, the best thing he has done – Letter to John Blackwood – "Silas Marner" – Letters to Mrs. Congreve – Zoological Gardens – Visit to Dorking – Letter to John Blackwood – Scott – Letters to Miss Hennell – Private correspondence – Letter to Mrs. Congreve – Arthur Clough's death – Letter to John Blackwood – "Silas Marner" – Books belong to successive mental phases – "Silas Marner" finished – Visit to Hastings – Letter to Charles Bray – Marriage of Mr. William Smith – Letter to John Blackwood – Subscription to "Silas Marner" 3300 – Article in Macmillan on "The Mill" – Letter to Mrs. Peter Taylor – Position – Letter to John Blackwood – Total Subscription to "Silas Marner" 5500 – Criticism on "The Mill" – Letter to Mrs. P. Taylor – Never pays visits – Letter to Miss Hennell – Hearing Beethoven and Mendelssohn music – Start on second journey to Italy – Letter to Charles Lewes, describing drive from Toulon to Nice – Arrival at Florence – Letter to John Blackwood – No painting of misers with paper money – Letter to Charles Lewes – Feels hopeful about future work – Letter to John Blackwood – Italian novel simmering – Letter to Charles Lewes – Beatrice Trollope – Expedition to Camaldoli and La Vernia with Mr. T. A. Trollope – Return home by Lago Maggiore and St. Gothard – Dinner at Greenwich with John Blackwood, Colonel Hamley, etc. – Reflections on waste of youth – Letters to Miss Hennell describing La Vernia – Improvement in general philosophic attitude – Articles on "Study of History" in the Cornhill– Positivism one-sided – Admiration of Comte – Letter to Miss Hennell – Fechter in Hamlet – The Liturgy of the English Church – Depression – Musical Evenings with Mr. Pigott and Mr. Redford – Trip to Malvern – Letter to Miss Hennell – New grand piano – Began "Romola" – Saturday visitors – Letter to Mrs. Congreve – Better spirits – Renewed depression – Letter to Miss Hennell – Time flying – Fechter as Othello – Letter to Miss Hennell – Lewes busy with Aristotle – Bulwer – George Dawson – Reading towards "Romola" – Letter to Mrs. Peter Taylor on the Past – Books read.
