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Денис Шевчук
Английский язык: самоучитель

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Lesson 2. Around the world

LEAD-IN

1. Answer the questions about yourself.

Напишите ответы на вопросы о себе.

1. What is your name / surname?

– My name / surname is ……………………

2. Where do you live? What is your address?

– I live in …………………..(flat and house number, street, town, country)

3. Where do you work?

– I work for ……………….(firm, company)

4. Are you married or single?

– I am ……………………………………..

5. Do you have children?

– I have / don’t have ………………………

6. What is your hobby?

– I like ………………………….(to play computer games, to go fishing, to eat in restaurants, to travel, to do sports)

7. How old are you?

– I’m ………………………………………..

2. Make questions and answers from the following words.

Составьте вопросительные и утвердительные предложения, используя данные слова.

3. Translate into English.

Переведите на английский язык.

1. Откуда Вы родом?

2. У Вас есть дети?

3. Мое хобби – компьютерные игры.

4. Как Ваша фамилия?

5. Где Вы работаете?

6. Я – инженер в компании Радо.

7. У меня трое детей.

8. Вы замужем или разведены?

9. Какой Ваш телефонный номер?

10. Я работаю в компании INTERFINANCE.

FOCUS ON VOCABULARY
Активный словарь

1. Match the word with the translation.

Найдите соответствие между словом и переводом.

2. Match the words to make word combinations.

Составьте словосочетания.

3. Complete the gaps with a suitable word or phrase from the Word Box.

Вставьте пропущенные слова и фразы, взяв их из таблицы.

1. This car is ……………………….Japan.

2. What is your ……………………….?

3. I’d like to buy a ………………………………to London, please.

4. Are you single or ………………………………….?

5. I want to read this …………………………………………

6. I don’t ……………………………this man.

7. I speak three foreign ………………………………………

8. I go to work …………………………………….

9. The car is …………………………………the house.

10. The day is very ………………………………

11. I ……………………..my car to work.

12. I can…………………………..pizza.

13. They ……………………………new information every day.

14. We want to …………………………work in the morning.

4. Translate into English.

Переведите на английский язык.

1. Этот компьютер сделан в Англии.

2. Я получаю письма каждый день.

3. Я бы хотел поиграть в футбол около дома.

4. Я бы хотел предпринять путешествие в Россию.

5. Эта газета очень большая.

6. Мы не знаем этого иностранного языка.

7. Я вижу закусочную за твоим домом.

8. Мы хотим купить билет в Африку.

9. Наши дети ходят в школу.

10. Я хочу посмотреть их письмо.

5. Write the questions and give negative answers.

Напишите вопросы к данным предложениям и дайте отрицательные ответы на них.

Example: The ticket is old.

Is the ticket old? The ticket isn’t old.

1. The stamp is made in France.

2. We are in the sandwich bar.

3. Their newspapers are on the table.

4. My brother is divorced.

5. The cars are behind the garage.

6. Their occupation is interesting.

7. Our house is large.

8. I am near the school.

9. The days are very cold.

10. She is in a foreign country.

6. Write your own sentences with the words given.

Напишитесвоипредложениясуказаннымисловами

made in Japan

every day

in front of the house

don’t know

get

play

trip

behind

finish

occupation

Language focus 1

Countries and nationalities

Страны и национальности

7. Complete the sentences.

Закончите предложения.

1. I am from Germany. I am………………………………………….

2. I am from the United States of America. I’m………………………

3. He is from Russia. He is……………………………………………

4. She is from Spain. She is…………………………………………..

5. We are from China. We are……………………………………….

6. He is from Great Britain. He is……………………………………

7. They are from Egypt. They are……………………………………

8. Fill in the form.

Дополните анкету.

Write about those people.

Example: Samuel is from France. He is………………………………………….

Language focus 2

Speech patterns

Речевые образцы

How are you? – Как вы поживаете?

I’m fine, thanks. – Спасибо, хорошо.

I don’t understand. – Я не понимаю.

I can write it / speak English / play the piano. – Я умею (могу) написать это / говорить по-английски / играть на пианино.

Can you spell your name / your surname, please? – Не могли бы вы произнести по буквам свое имя / свою фамилию, пожалуйста?

FOCUS ON GRAMMAR
Активная грамматика

Language focus 1

The Noun

Имя существительное

Особенности правописания.

1. Существительное заканчивается на согласный (кроме x, s, sh, ch) – прибавляется s: a student – students.

2. Существительное заканчивается на x, s, sh, ch – прибавляется es: a fox – foxes, a watch – watches, Jones (фамилия) – the Joneses (все члены этой семьи).

3. Существительное заканчивается на f, fe – тогда f меняется на v+es: a wife – wives, a wolf – wolves.

Oсновные исключения из этого правила:

A roof (крыша) – roofs

A chef (повар) – chefs

A chief (шеф) – chiefs

A safe (сейф) – safes

A cliff (утес) – cliffs

4. Существительное заканчивается на гласный – прибавляется s: a house – houses, a cinema – cinemas.

5. Существительное заканчивается на o с предшествующей согласной – прибавляется es: a tomato – tomatoes.

Исключения из этого правила:

A photo – photos

A piano – pianos

A kilo-kilos

6. Существительное заканчивается на y с предшествующим согласным – y меняется на i+es: a city – cities.

Если перед y стоит гласная, то этого не происходит: a day – days.

Особые случаи образования множественного числа (их необходимо запомнить)

A man – men

A woman – women

A tooth – teeth

A foot – feet

A mouse – mice

A goose – geese

A child – children

A sheep-sheep

A deer-deer

A fish– fish

An ox – oxen

Некоторые греческие и латинские заимствования. Основные из них:

Analysis – analyses (анализы)

Crisis – crises (кризисы)

Datum – data (данные)

1. Read the nouns in the plural.

Прочитайте существительные, приведенные во множественном числе.

Rooms, hands, hats, children, fish, boys, books, foxes, horses, brushes, mouths, boxes, potatoes, roofs, steps, computers, bananas, leaves, hoses, feet, watches, baths, minutes, cinemas, dollars, guides, taxis, nationalities, restaurants, squares, cameras, men, women, cassettes, radios, names, telephones, sandwiches, nurses, lawyers, jobs.

2. Write the nouns in the plural form.

Напишите данные существительные во множественном числе.

A farmer

A country

A city

A day

A disc

A leaf

An address

An apple

A lemon

A child

A man

A house

A crisis

A mouse

A tooth

A photo

A kilo

A potato

A chef

A fox

A watch

A theatre

A hobby

A bottle

Language focus 2

Numerals

Числительные

Количественные числительные от 1 до 10: 1 – one, 2 – two, 3 – three, 4 – four, 5 – five, 6 – six, 7 – seven, 8 – eight, 9 – nine, 10 – ten.

Количественные числительные от 11 до 19: 11 – eleven, 12 – twelve, 13 – thirteen, 14 – fourteen, 15 – fifteen, 16 – sixteen, 17 – seventeen, 18 – eighteen, 19 – nineteen.

20 – twenty, 30 – thirty, 40 – forty, 50 – fifty, 60 – sixty, 70 – seventy, 80 – eighty, 90 – ninety.

100 – one hundred.

200 – two hundred, 300 – three hundred.

340 – three hundred and forty.

675 – six hundred and seventy five.

1000 – one thousand.

5780 – five thousand seven hundred and eighty.

3. Say the numbers.

Прочитайте числительные.

5, 18, 12, 19, 10, 43, 157, 98, 243, 578, 908, 640, 1600, 287, 53, 90, 13, 4765, 43, 20, 222, 270.

Language focus 3

Articles.

Немного об артикле.

Когда мы называем предмет в первый раз и он еще неизвестен собеседнику, мы используем неопределенный артикль a.

Когда мы вторично называем предмет или называем предмет, уже известный собеседнику, мы используем определенный артикль the.

Например: This is a ball. The ball is red.

Артикль a употребляется только с исчисляемыми существительными в единственном числе: a day, a student. С неисчисляемыми существительными употребляется нулевой артикль. Например: This is water. I’d like information.

Если существительное или описывающее его прилагательное начинаются с гласной, то артикль принимает форму «an».

Например: a story, a box. Но: an apple, an orange, an interesting book, an easy task.

Перед именами людей, названиями стран, городов, улиц артикль не употребляется.

4. Fill in the articles «a» or «an».

Вставьте артикли «a» или «an».

1. This is …….lovely day.

2. This is ……..small room.

3. I’d like ………apple, please.

4. I want to buy ………ticket.

5. He is ………architect.

6. I’d like ………interesting story.

7. It is ………..international meeting.

8. This is ……….old stamp.

9. She is ………..nurse.

5. Fill in the articles where necessary.

Вставьте артикли, где это необходимо.

1. This is ………camera.

2. This is ……….David.

3. I’d like to change ………….money.

4. ………Martin is from ……… Italy.

5. This is ………cinema. ……….cinema is new.

6. I’d like to buy ………orange.

7. My brothers are ………farmers.

8. I want to buy ………..stamp.

9. This is ……….radio. ……….radio is made in Spain.

10. He is in ………… London.

Language focus 4

Pronouns this – these, that – those.

Местоимения этот – эти, тот – те.

6. Read the sentences and translate them.

Прочитайте предложения и переведите их.

1. These are computers. ………………………………………………………………………….

2. That is my house. ……………………………………………………………………….….

3. Take those letters. ……………………………………………………………………….….

4. Those are hotels. ………………………………………………………………………..….

5. This is a new theatre. ……………………………………………………………………….….

6. Spell those surnames. ………………………………………………………………………….

7. Read these questions. ……………………………………………………………………….….

8. Put this information on that computer. ………………………………………………

9. That is a formal document. …………………………………………………………………….

10. This is my guide. ……………………………………………………………………………

11. Open those files, please. …………………………………………………………………….…

12. I’d like to tell you about those doctors. ……………………………………………

7. Complete the sentences.

Закончитеданныепредложения.

1. These are…………………………………………………

2. I’d like to tell you about those…………………………..

3. Where are those………………………………………..?

4. That is……………………………………………………

5. Put that………………………………………………….

6. Those are not……………………………………………

7. This isn’t…………………………………………………

8. That man is………………………………………………

8. Look around. Fill in the table with the names of the things that are next to you.

Посмотрите вокруг себя. Впишите в таблицу названия тех предметов, которые находятся рядом с Вами (более близкие this / these и расположенные вдалеке that / those)

READINGAND SPEAKING PRACTICE

1. Now write and speak about these people.

Напишите и расскажите об этих людях.

1. Erica Simons

Great Britain

25, Down Road, Oxford

67-55– 34

30, a son

divorced

Maltex company, a sales manager

to eat out (обедать в ресторане, кафе, т. е. вне дома)

2. Nathalie Guerra

France

4, Goustave avenue, Leon

564-22-08

with a boyfriend

a dog Andrea

D.P.X. company, a designer

to search for friends in the Internet

Example: My name is Erica. My surname is Simons. I am from Great Britain. My address is …

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

My name is Nathalie. My surname is ……………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Choose two people you know well. Write and speak about them as if you were each of them.

Выберите из своего окружения двух людей, которых Вы хорошо знаете. Напишите и расскажите о них от их лица.

1. My name is ………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. …………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

(first name, surname, age, address, marital status (married, single or divorced), job, company you work for, hobby, children)

3. Make up dialogues putting the sentences in the right order.

Составьте диалоги, расставив предложения в логическом порядке.

She is O.K.

How are you?

And how is your wife?

I’m fine, thanks.

Nationality? Oh, I don’t know.

And what is her nationality?

What is her occupation?

She is a secretary.

She is Spanish. She lives in Madrid.

Is she Italian or Spanish?

And what is her occupation?

Is Alice your friend?

Yes, she is.

And can she speak English?

Yes, she can.

She is a guide. She can speak three foreign languages.

And what is your nationality? Where are you from?

It is very nice, thank you.

Oh. It is Jovi.

What is your surname?

What? Sorry, I don’t understand.

Your surname. Your second name.

I’m from Poland.

How is your trip?

4. Read the dialogues and try to remember them.

Прочитайтедиалогиипостарайтесьихвыучить.

Dick: Excuse me.

Anne: Yes?

Dick: Can you tell me the way to the park?

Anne: The park? Oh, it is in front of the hotel.

Dick: Can I drive there?

Anne: Yes. It is ten minutes.

Dick: That’s nice. Thank you.

Anne: Not at all.

Debi: I’d like a ticket to London, please.

Nick: Yes, madam.What is your name, madam?

Debi: Debora. My surname is Denisson.

Nick: Can I see your passport, please?

Debi: Yes, please.

Nick: Thank you.

Debi: I want to go with my son. He is three.

Nick: No ticket for him. He is very little.

Debi: O.K.

Nick: This is your ticket, madam. It is forty pounds.

5. Say what you can do.

Say what your friends, you children can do.

Скажите, что Вы умеете делать. Скажите, что умеют делать Ваши друзья, Ваши дети.

Example: I can work on the computer.

drive a car

speak a foreign language

play the piano

see friends every day

play tennis

write a letter in English

watch TV every day

get a new job

have a trip to Great Britain

buy a new car

play computer games every day

clean the house

6. Read this text.

Прочитайтетекст.

Are you typical?

I would like to tell you about myself and my family. We are the Davidsons: my wife, my two children and I. We are very typical. My children go to school and they hate it. Every day they ask: Please, we would like to sleep, to play computer games. But I say: No. School for you. No questions. And they go. I work in a bank. This is a good occupation. It gives us money. But it isn’t very interesting. I get up at six, and I can not see my children and my wife much. That’s bad. My wife would like to work too, but I don’t understand her. It is lovely to be at home, to watch TV, to cook. And she can cook very well.

But I can tell you something interesting about us. We play football. We all play football. We play behind our house. My wife can do it very well. We would like to be the champions of our town. We can do it! And we would like to do it. Every day when I finish work we go and play football. So, we are not very typical.

And you?

Are the sentences true or false?

Верны или не верны данные предложения?

1. Their children like to go to school.

2. Mr. Shevchuk works in a bank.

3. His job is very interesting.

4. His wife works too.

5. She can play football.

6. They play football with the champions.

Lesson 3. Information

LEAD-IN

1. Answer the questions about yourself.

Напишите ответы на вопросы о себе.

1. What is your occupation? Do you like it?

2. What is your nationality?

3. What country are you from?

4. What country would you like to see?

5. What foreign languages can you speak?

6. What would you like to buy?

7. Are you married or single?

8. Is your house large?

9. Сan you play football?

10. Can you eat in a steak house?

2. Make up correct sentences.

Составьтепредложенияизданныхслов.

1. their / is / letter / this?

2. are / children / from / those / Russia.

3. not / houses / are / our / large.

4. these / can / we / films / see.

5. them / give / address / our.

6. clean / I / would / to / teeth / like.

7. their / what / nationality / is?

8. behind / friends / our / are / the car / not.

9. foreign / can / I / speak / languages /two.

10. those / your / newspapers / are?

Try to recollect as many sentences as possible.

Постарайтесь вспомнить как можно больше предложений из только что составленных.

3. Choose the correct variant.

Отметьте правильный вариант.

1. I have ………………….children.

A. one B. two C. do not

2. I work …………………R&G company.

A. in B. on C. for

3. I ……………………..to play tennis.

A. like B. work C. eat

4. I …………………..a shop assistant.

A. am B. is C. are

5. Where …………………..you from?

A. is B. am C. are

6. What is …………………..address?

A. you B. your C. he

7. I am ……………………….

A. single B. Spain C. manager

8. ……………………is your job?

A. Where B. Do C. What

9. How…………………….are you?

A. much B. children C. old

10. How do you …………………………your surname?

A. live B. spell C. do

FOCUS ON VOCABULARY
Активный словарь

Nouns

1. house – дом

2. play – спектакль, представление

to see a play

3. husband – муж

4. wife – жена

5. map – карта

6. desk – рабочий стол

7. office – офис

8. chair – стул

9. morning – утро

in the morning

10. afternoon – день

in the afternoon

11. evening – вечер

In the evening

12. night – ночь

at night

13. flat – квартира

to live in a flat

14. place – место

It is a lovely place.

15. room – комната

a living room

a bathroom

a playroom

Adjectives

1. expensive – дорогой (по цене)

2. cheap – дешевый

3. great – замечательный

It’s great!

4. difficult – трудный, сложный

5. easy – легкий, несложный

6. boring – скучный

It is a boring film.

7. long – длинный

It is a long film.

8. short – короткий

The way is short.

Verbs

1. to have – иметь

I have a flat.

2. to have breakfast – завтракать

I have breakfast at 7 o’clock.

3. to have lunch – обедать

4. to have dinner – ужинать

5. to meet – встречать (ся)

6. to relax – отдыхать

7. to help – помогать

I’d like to help you.

8. to listen – слушать

I like to listen to music

9. to walk – гулять

We walk in the park.

Words and Expressions

1. that sort of thing – и тому подобное

2. very well – очень хорошо

3. of course – конечно

1. Match the word with the translation.

Найдите соответствие между словом и переводом.

слушать музыку

место

гулять

дорогой (по цене)

вечером

ночью

трудный

конечно

длинный

рабочий стол

дешевый

квартира

представление

очень хорошо

отдыхать

стул

муж

великолепный

помогать

встречаться

карта

expensive

to relax

chair

to listen to music

place

husband

great

very well

cheap

flat

map

to meet

desk

difficult

in the evening

to help

play

long

2. Match the halves of the words.

Соедините половинки слов.

3. Complete the table with the words.

Впишите подходящие по смыслу слова.

Difficult, square, living room, meet, help, great, long, walk, expensive, relax, flat, house, listen, boring, park.

Write some sentences with three words (one adjective, one place and one verb) in one sentence.

Напишите несколько предложений, используя по одному прилагательному, одному месту и одному глаголу в каждом предложении.

Example: I listen to boring music in the park.

4. Translate into English.

Переведите на английский язык.

1. Я бы хотел послушать музыку. …………………………………………

2. Это сложный путь. …………………………………………………

3. Они хотят купить дорогую квартиру в этом доме.…………………………

4. Это наши новые рабочие столы.…………………………………………………

5. Муж и жена обедают с нами.…………………………………………………

6. Эти итальянские стулья очень дешевые.………………………………………

7. Я гуляю в парке вечером.…………………………………………………

8. Тот офис дорогой? Конечно.…………………………………………………

9. Я бы хотел посмотреть спектакль в этом театре.………………………………

10. Мы встречаем наших друзей в этом месте.………………………………………

5. Write your own sentences with the words given.

Напишитесвоипредложениясуказаннымисловами.

to meet friends ………………………………………………………………………….

to listen to music ………………………………………………………………………….

very difficult ………………………………………………………………………….

long ………………………………………………………………………….

to have dinner ………………………………………………………………………….

that sort of thing ………………………………………………………………………….

in the morning ………………………………………………………………………….

husband ………………………………………………………………………….

great ………………………………………………………………………….

to help ………………………………………………………………………….

6. Write the questions and give negative answers.

Напишите вопросы к данным предложениям и дайте отрицательные ответы на них.

Example: The night is long.

Is the night long? The night isn’t long.

1. These are our new offices.

2. My husband is Portuguese.

3. That place is great.

4. Those Spanish books are very difficult.

5. The morning is very long today.

6. Those Japanese watches are expensive.

7. That play is very boring.

8. The town map is on our desk.

9. We are in this new house.

10. It is easy to read this book.

Language focus 1

Prepositions

Предлоги

Study these phrases.

Запомните данные образцы.

At home – He is at home now.

To go home – They go home after work in the evening.

At school – My children study at school.

To go to school – They go to school with their mother.

At work – What do you do at work?

To go to work – I go to work every day.

To come home – We come home in the afternoon.

To come home from work – My friends come home from work at six o’clock.

For breakfast (lunch, dinner) – I have toasts with jam for breakfast.

At (5) o’clock – I get up at eight o’clock.

To listen to music – My children like to listen to music.

To look at (the map, the screen) – I’d like to look at the map.

To meet (friends) – We meet friends in the evening.

7. Complete the sentences.

Закончите предложения.

1. For breakfast I have………………………………………….

2. I come home from work at………………………………………

3. They meet friends……………………………………………

4. My children go…………………………………………..

5. We like to listen……………………………………….

6. He is not at home, he is……………………………………

7. I want to look at……………………………………

8. Complete the gaps with a suitable word or phrase from the Box.

Вставьте пропущенные слова и фразы, взяв их из таблицы.

Meet friends, at home, at work, for lunch, at school, go to school, go to work, come home from work, look at, listen to music, at seven o’clock.

My day is very long. I get up ………………………………… I put my documents into the bag and ……………………………………… I am in my office at nine o’clock. My children …………………………………… with their nurse. ……………………………… they study foreign languages. They like their teacher very much. They ……………………………. her all the time. ………………………………. they have chips and juice.

It is seven o’clock in the evening, but I am still ………………………………

I …………………………………. at eight o’clock. It is very difficult.

My children like to ……………………………..in our house, but I don’t like that. In the evening I like to …………………………………or watch TV. It is lovely to be …………………………….

9. Answer the questions about yourself.

Напишите ответы на вопросы о себе.

1. When are you at work in the morning?

2. What do you do at work?

3. When do you come home from work?

4. What do you have for breakfast / for lunch?

5. Do your children go to school?

6. When do they come home from school?

7. What do they study at school?

8. Where do you meet your friends?

9. Where do your children meet their friends?

10. Do you like to listen to pop music, to rock music, to classical music, to jazz?