   :   
 


  , ,   ,  , , 





 

   :   



  :   





   ,        ,    III ,       (Hardrada).    .    1066                      ,     .

      ,      ,     .           ,       . ,   ,  .            ,    .

      .              ,      .   -  ,     ,       .     ,    ,    ,       .

    .      ,          .    ,     ,       ,    ,     .

     . ,     ,     .    , ,     ,         -.





 I.    (10301031)

 1.   (   ,  )

 2.  (    ,     )

 3.   (    ,      )

 II. :    (10311034)

 4.     (    ,       )

 5.    (   ,      )

 6.   (   ,   ,         )

 III. :     (10351043)

 7.    (  ,    -)

 8.   ( ,       )

 9.    (   ,    )

 10.  (    ,       )

 11.    (    ,  ,      ,  )

 12.   (    ,    ,   )

 13.    (    ,     )

 14.    (  ,        )

 15.  (  ,      )

 16.   ( ,    ,  )

 17.   (        )

 18.    ( -  ,     ,  )

 19.  (,  ,        )

 20.     (  ,  ,     ,     )

 21.     (  1042 ,   ,    )

 22.     ( ,       ,   )

 IV.   (10431065)

 23.   (     ,   )

 24.      (  ,     )

 25.    (    ,      , )

 26.      (  ,    ,    ,     )

 27.   (    1047 ,    )

 28.    ( ,        ,   )

 29.   :   (    ,  ,    1062 ,  )

 30.   (     ,  )

 V.   (1066)

 31.  -     (   ,     ,    )

 32. ׸  (     300 ,   )

 33.   (     ,     )

 34.    (   ,   ,  )

 35.    (  ,   ,  )

 36.   (  20 ,   ,     )

 37.   ( ,     -    )

 38.    (     ,    ,   )

 39.  (    ,  ,   )

 40.    ( ,   ,     )

 41.    (   ,   ,    )

 42.  :  (    ,  ,      )

.   (    ,       )



 1.   

   ,   ,   .   ,     .   ,  ,    ,     ,    .      .       .

  , ,      . , ,    ,     ,      .     ,        .   .  .

   ,    .       ,            .    .     ,  -  ,    .

   ,  .  .



 ,    .      ,    .  ,   .   .        .

  .       .



    , .    .   ,    .    .

 ?    ,      .     ,    .      ,        ?    !    .      ,     .   ,    .   ,   !

   .  ,   ,     .        ,       .



   ,    , ,  ,    .    ,    .         .    .

       , !      ,        .    .  .       ,   ?   ?

    .         .              .  ,      .



 , .  .   ,     .         .   :   ,   .     . ,     ,   .     .

   ,    ,  ,     .



 ,   ,     ,   .        .     .    ,  ,  ,  !.  .

 ,    . ,    ,     , -    .

,    ,  ,  ,     :



 ! !  -!

    .   ,      .     ,   ,   .   ,  .        .

 2.  

  !     !  !   .

 ,           , ,      .      ,     .   , ,      . [1 (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5), 2 (https://www.sciencenordic.com/archaeology-combat-denmark/did-vikings-really-fight-behind-a-shield-wall/1448665), 3 (https://www.facebook.com/groups/651598852089360/posts/1526970527885517/), 4 (https://www.facebook.com/groups/930540941927100/posts/1260083642306160/), 5 (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nMzj09xlAZE)]

    .           ,          .            .     :        ,   .   ,  ,    ,   ,       . [1 (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7J3H8LsIIaQ), 2 (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nMzj09xlAZE), 3 (https://www.facebook.com/groups/930540941927100/posts/1260083642306160/), 4 (https://www.facebook.com/groups/651598852089360/posts/1526970527885517/)]

,   ,   (   )           .     ,                 .             .          . [1 (https://www.battlemerchant.com/en/blog/the-viking-shield-wall-tactics-and-psychology-on-the-medieval-battlefield), 2 (https://www.reddit.com/r/history/comments/4nusw4/how_was_a_shieldwall_actually_countered/), 3 (https://www.norge.ru/stiklestadslaget/)]

  !  !    .

     .  ,  ,  .             .

.

          .   ,         ,      .           ,     .    .      ,       . [1 (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nMzj09xlAZE), 2 (https://www.facebook.com/groups/651598852089360/posts/1526970527885517/)]

             .   .    ,    ,      ,     .     .    ,        ,     . [1 (https://pdwise.com/stories/sheild-walls/), 2 (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nMzj09xlAZE)]

     ,     ,  .        .        ,  .    :   .              . [1 (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S1mQviKPttg&t=1), 2 (https://talesofvalhalla.com/blogs/tales-of-valhalla-norse-mythology/the-shield-wall-viking-battle-strategy-and-tactics), 3 (https://www.norge.ru/stiklestadslaget/), 4 (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7J3H8LsIIaQ)]

 , ,   .    .  ,   ,   .         .    :     .     ,          ,      . [1 (https://culturelandshaft.wordpress.com/%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7/%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B-%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B/%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8C-%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%88%D0%B5-%D0%BB%D0%B8-%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%8B/%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0-%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C-%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F-%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8C/), 2 (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5), 3 (https://www.norge.ru/stiklestadslaget/)]

 ! !   ,     ,         .

   .           .  ,      .           ,            ,   . [1 (https://www.norge.ru/stiklestadslaget/)]

   . [1 (https://www.norge.ru/stiklestadslaget/)]

  !     .

       .     .    .  ,   ,   ,   .      ,        ,       . [1 (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7J3H8LsIIaQ)]

  ,   .    ,      .        ,  -          ,    .

 3. .  

     ,      ,    .  ,         ,           .         ,      :          .

      ( ).     ,   ,           ,   .        ,              ,  .

   .   ,  ,     .        ,    .    ,     ,       .           (  ),     .

         .  ,  , ,        ,   .

      ,   .      ,       .

  ,  ,       ,     .    ,  ,     .    ,           .

    ,     .

    , ,       .      ,    .    ,   .    ,   .    ,   ,        ?

  .       .

         , ,    ,       .    ,       .      .    .   ,   ,    ,    .       ,         ,     .

        ,   .   .

   ,    ,   .        ,     .      -,      .          ,    .       .  ,        ,     .

 , ,   .

      ,    . ,    , ,  . .      .

     ,     .      ,       ,      .   ,   .     ,     ,   ,                    .

 4.     

       .     .        ,     .   ,     ,          .

              ,        ,   .        ,             .          ,      ,       . [1 (https://www.norge.ru/harald_hardraade/), 2 (https://www.thecollector.com/harald-hadrada-last-viking/), 3 (https://schoolhistory.co.uk/ancient-world/harald-hardrada/)]

      , ,    ,   .   . . ,       .       .

  .      .       ,      . [1 (https://principus.si/2026/08/07/don-hollway-the-last-viking-the-true-story-of-harald-hardrada/)]

     .  ,  ,       . .     ,     .        .

  !    ,         .  , !      ! [1 (https://schoolhistory.co.uk/ancient-world/harald-hardrada/), 2 (https://history-total-war.fandom.com/ru/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4_III_%22%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9%22_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD)]

         .   .    .       ,          .      ,    . [1 (https://principus.si/2026/08/07/don-hollway-the-last-viking-the-true-story-of-harald-hardrada/)]

     ,                   .    ,         .      ,      .         ( ).

  .        ,            ,    .

 .          ,  .      ,          ,     .   ,     .   ,    .

  !  !   ,   .

   ,   . ,          ,    .   .  ,     .      .

 ,  !   .    !

      ,  ,     ,    ,    .   ,   ,   .    ,    ,   ,  .

        .

  !  !    .

         ,     ,     ,  .         ,      .             .

     .               .  ,     .      ,           .

 ,    .     :       ,             ,    .

     ,          .  ,              .

   !    ,     ,       .    ,      .

 ,   . ,  ,       .  ,     ,     .    .

  ,    .          .    ,     .

  , ,     .        .   .    .

   , ,    ,  ,     . ,  ,   ,     .      .       .     ,  ,       ,  . [1 (https://www.thecollector.com/harald-hadrada-last-viking/), 2 (https://schoolhistory.co.uk/ancient-world/harald-hardrada/), 3 (https://history-total-war.fandom.com/ru/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4_III_%22%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9%22_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD)]

 6.   

 1034       .         ,      ,  .

    ,       .        ,      - .   .        ,   ,       ,   .       ,         .       .      ,      .

     .  ,        ,   .    ,   .     .              ,   -.    ,      ,        .

  ,       .

  ,  ,   ,        .    ,   .        .         .   ,    ,     .     .

     .      ,    ,   ,    .

      , ,    .        ,     .       .     ? ?    ? ,     .

           ,     .

     , .  ,    ,    .      , .   ,   ,     .   ,       .

    ,       .

  .  ,  -     ,     .

   , ,   ,  .      .      .     ,   .      , ?      ?   ?   ?

    !    .       ,   !

        ,    ,    .    ,    ,   .       .   ,    .      ,     ,      .      ?  ,    .

           .

   , .  .     ,   .    ,     .  ,    .  ,         ,      .       ,  ,                .    .

  ,    ,      .      ,           .     .     .       ,    : .   .

        .

 ,  ,  ,    .     .    .       .    .   ,      .

  ,     ,     .        .

        .      ,   ,             ,  ,     .

 6.  2.    

        ,      .       ,       .     ,   ,    .

  ?     ,       ,        .

  .       ,        ,      ,     .     ,       ,  ,       .   ,  .

   , ,     .    .     .    ,     .

     .  ,  ,      , , ,      .        .   .

    ,      .

    !    ,       .  ,      ,     ,    !      .      ,   .     ,       ,         !

  ,       .

 ,    ,          ,    ,      .   ,            ,          :

    ,



    .



    ,



   ,   ,



     ...

 ,    ,     ,    .      .

     ,  .     ,          ,            .     ,   ,    .

        .         .       ,   ,        . ,      ,      ,  .

     .

      ,   .               ,       .              .       :     ,            .

  ,        ,     .   ,       ,     .

  , ,    ,   .   ,  .     ,        .

     ,     ,    .

    , ,    ,       .     ,      .

 7.    

    ,   ,     .     ,    ,          .   ,     ,            .        ,   .

    ,    ,       .  ,   ,          .

   ,     .         .      ,    ,  ,    ,    .      :    ,    ,   .   ,        .

     ,  ,     .             ,     .

 , ,      .        .      ,  .

   .      :   ,  ,      .  , ,        ,       .

     , ,    .   ,     .

 7.  2.   

,    ,  ,             .    ,        ,    .          ,         ,     .

             .     ,   ,   ,   .

    .     ,         .   .      ,       .

   ,  .               ,     .  ,    -  ,   ,         .

  ,  ,      ,       -.    ,  .    ,  ,      .    ,      .    .      ,   .

   ,     ,               .

    ,   .    ,   .      .       .       .

   ,            .      .    , ,       ,     .

      , ,    ,         .      ,      .   :     ,      ,   .   ,     .     .

    ,      .         .       ,   .

       , ,  ,   .       .      .    .    ,    .

 ,     . . ,     .    ,     ,   ,    ,       ,  .

 8.   

     .  ,      :   ,  ,  ,    .       ,         ,      ,       -.



































































































       ,   .       ,    , ,     .   :    ,  ,   ,     . ,     ,       ,        .

 

,    ,      .        .  ,     ,    .                 .















   -  :  ()   ().        .     -    ,    .

   .      ,    ,   ,      .         , ,        .    ,  .

 ,   ,    .       .      .



    , ,    ,    ,    .        .   .     ,    . ,   ,   .

  

     ,     ,         . ,     ,      ,   .

        .   ,   ,     .         ,        .















 ,     ,              ,      .

 , !        !    .

   .   ,       ,     ,  .

       ,    ,  .    .      ,     .   ,    .    , .

             ,      .     ,            .    ,         .

   ,   ,   ,   ,     .     ,     ,     .

 9.    

        ,         .      .                   ,           ,       .

   ,    .   ,   ,      .         ,    ,        .

 , !       ,    .        ,     !







































































   ,        ,             .     ,       ,       .           .

  ...    !    ,      .

  .     ,   ,      .                   .    ,      .

,   ,    .       .     ,     ,     .

       ,   ,     ( ). ,   ,            ,        ,   .  ,      .       .  ,    .




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/book/sergei-kontar-34123039/poslednii-lev-severa-odisseia-kharol-da-surovogo-74690539/)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .


