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 2.  





1.     


         .       ,      :

   (Default Mode Network, DMN).    ,  ,     .     .

    (Central Executive Network, CEN).    ,     .       .

  (Salience Network, SN).  ,     .       (DMN)    (CEN).

 . -     ,           .

       ,   ,         .    ,       ,   ,    .     ,       ,         .

      .       ,   ,   .   ,        .         ,  , ,  ,    .       ,      ,   [1 - Prakash R.S., Shankar A., et al. Mindfulness Meditation and Network Neuroscience: Review, Synthesis, and Future Directions // Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging. 2025. Vol. 10, No. 4. P. 350358. DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.11.005.].

 ,       .     ,             .        ,     ,         .      .    ,   ,  ,       .       ,    ,      ,      .

      [2 - Marchand W.R. Neural Mechanisms of Mindfulness and Meditation: Evidence from Neuroimaging Studies // World Journal of Radiology. 2014. Vol. 6, No. 7. P. 471479. DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v6.i7.471.].       , ,    ,    . -          .      ,       .     ,       .

         .  ,              ,    .    ,   ,      .   ,      ,     ,    : ,  ,   .

 , ,       .       ,             .            ,         ,        .

        ,          [3 - Gibson J.E. Meditation and Interoception: A Conceptual Framework for Self-Related Neural Circuits // Frontiers in Psychology. 2024. Vol. 15. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1393969.].       ,         .       ,     ,       .




2.    


           .      :  ,  ,   .    ,       .    ,       ,        .        ,    ,     .

        .   ,       .    , , ,     .      :        ,       .       ,       [4 - Mace R.A., Stauder M.J., et al. Mindfulness-Based Interventions Targeting Modifiable Lifestyle Behaviors Associated with Brain Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis // American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine. 2024. P. 15598276241230467. DOI: 10.1177/15598276241230467.].          .          ,    .

 ,        .       : , ,   ,    ,        .         ,        .  ,  ,           ,  ,     ,   .

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      .     ,         .      ,    ,     ,       .




3.  


         .   ,     ,    ,       ,        ,   .        ,     ,         .     - ,         ,          [5 - Kjaer T.W., et al. Increased Dopamine Tone During Meditation-Induced Change of Consciousness // Cognitive Brain Research. 2002. Vol. 13, No. 2. P. 255259. DOI: 10.1016/S0926-6410(01)00106-9.].        , ,    ,            [6 - Kruis A., et al. Effects of Meditation Practice on Spontaneous Eye Blink Rate // Mindfulness. 2016. Vol. 7. P. 110. DOI: 10.1007/s12671-016-0574-2.].

      .      ,           .    - ,            ,         ;       [7 - Streeter C.C., et al. Effects of Yoga Versus Walking on Mood, Anxiety, and Brain GABA Levels: A Randomized Controlled MRS Study // Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. 2010. Vol. 16, No. 11. P. 11451152. DOI: 10.1089/acm.2009.0044.].   ,        ,  ,         ,   [8 - Li H., et al. MRS-Assessed Brain GABA Modulation in Response to Behavioral Interventions // Behavioral and Brain Functions. 2024. Vol. 20, No. 2. DOI: 10.1186/s12993-024-00248-9.].

     . ,     ,           .  ,  -         [9 - Koncz A., et al. Meditation Interventions Efficiently Reduce Cortisol Levels of At-Risk Populations: A Meta-Analysis // Health Psychology Review. 2021. Vol. 15, No. 1. P. 5676. DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2020.1760727.].    ,    MBSR   ,       ,          [10 - Pascoe M.C., et al. Yoga, Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and Stress-Related Physiological Measures: A Meta-Analysis // Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2017. Vol. 86. P. 152168. DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.08.008.].

   ,     ,        .           ,         [11 - Bellosta-Batalla M., et al. Brief Mindfulness Session Improves Mood and Increases Salivary Oxytocin // Stress and Health. 2020. Vol. 36, No. 3. P. 307315. DOI: 10.1002/smi.2942.].     ReSource ,          :   ,        ,      [12 - Oehne K., et al. Plasma Oxytocin Is Modulated by Mental Training, but Does Not Mediate Stress Reduction // Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2022. Vol. 140. Art. 105715. DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105715.].          ,   ,    .

   :          ,  .    ,        ,    .     ;            ,   , , ,       .




4.    


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      .  ,       ,    ,    ,   .       ,  ,     .    ,    .        ,   ,  ,     .

       .       ,          .       -  ,    ,      .     ,       :   ,         .

        .    , ,         [13 - Calderone A., et al. Neurobiological Changes Induced by Mindfulness and Meditation: A Systematic Review // Biomedicines. 2024. Vol. 12, No. 11. Art. 2613. DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12112613.].        ,     .      ,    ,   ,     .      :   ,  ,  ,   ,  ,  .

              ,        ,        .                .  - ,  - ,         ,      .

          .         .          ,   ,    .          ,     ,   .      ,    ,        .

       .    ,  ,     : , , ,  .       .   ,    ,       ,        .           ,    [14 - Shapiro S.L., Jazaieri H., de Sousa S. Meditation and Positive Psychology // Snyder C.R., Lopez S.J., Edwards L.M., Marques S.C. (eds.). Meditation and Positive Psychology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016.].

       .  ,   ,      . ,       ,    ,           .




5.  


             .   ,       ,       .     .       ,         ,        .            ,      .

    .         .   ,  ,    ,     .         .    ,  , ,   ,         .      ,   ,          .

       .     ,  , ,  ,   .      ,  , ,   .         [15 - Bakshi K., Srivastava V. Neurobiology of Yoga and Mindfulness and Its Impact on Neuronal Function, Wellbeing, Addiction, and Palliative Care // Bakshi K., Srivastava V. Neuroscience of Yoga: Theory and Practice. Part 1. Singapore: Springer Nature, 2024. P. 3760.].        ,        .                ,    ,    .

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      .      ,                .      ,    .  ,        ,          ,   ,     :   ,   ,        .

       .      .   ,      ,           [16 - Siew S., Yu J. Mindfulness-Based Randomized Controlled Trials Led to Brain Structural Changes: An Anatomical Likelihood Meta-Analysis // Scientific Reports. 2023. Vol. 13. Art. 18469. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45765-1.].     :   ,  ,     ,      , ,     .




6.   


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 3. ,   





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              . ,      ,   ,      ,    ,      [17 - Serrano-Ib?ez E.R., Czub M., et al. Effect of a Controlled Diaphragmatic Breathing Session on Perceived Pain and State Anxiety in People with Chronic Pain // Current Psychology. 2024. Vol. 43. P. 3165031660. DOI: 10.1007/s12144-024-06745-4.].       ,               .

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2.     


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  ,     .      :   ,   ,  ,  ,   ,   .     .      :   ,  ,  ,       .           [18 - Pruessner L., et al. Emotion Regulation as a Mechanism of Mindfulness in Reducing Depression and Anxiety: A Longitudinal Study // Depression and Anxiety. 2024. Article ID 9081139.].

       .     ,     :   ,  ,  ,   .      ,      ,     ,        .       ,            .

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 4.     XXI 





1.  


        ,    ,      .      ,        [19 - Gethin R. On Some Definitions of Mindfulness // Contemporary Buddhism. 2011. Vol. 12. P. 263279. DOI: 10.1080/14639947.2011.564843.].  ,   ,     ,      ,      .

                ,  ,       .      : ,   .   :       .    :     , ,   .     :     ,          .

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2.    


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   ,      ,    ,    ,          [20 - Francis S.E.B., Shawyer F., et al. Differentiating Mindfulness-Integrated Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy Clinically: The Why, How, and What of Evidence-Based Practice // Frontiers in Psychology. 2024. Vol. 15. Art. 1342592. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1342592.].         :  ,              ,    ,      .




3.    


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       .  ,     ,        ,  ,     ,    .    ,          :   ,     ,      .           [21 -  (???????)          ,   :     ,          .       ,   ,     .]        .          :   ,     ,                .

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4.   


      ,      ,    .      ,     , ,    .          .           ,    ,   .

        ,         .  ,          .  ,        ,    ,   ,    ,          .        [22 - Zainal N.H., Newman M.G. Mindfulness Enhances Cognitive Functioning: A Meta-Analysis of 111 Randomized Controlled Trials // Health Psychology Review. 2024. Vol. 18, No. 2. P. 369395. DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2023.2248222.],      .

       ,       .  - ,          ,   , ,      [23 - Treves I.N., Chen Y.Y., Wilson C.L., et al. A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Mindfulness Meditation Training on Self-Reported Interoception // Scientific Reports. 2025. Vol. 15. Art. 38889. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-22661-4.].     ,             ,       ,  ,   .       :        .

     .     MBSR MBCT      ,  ,  ,   ,   [24 - Koncz A., et al. Meditation Interventions Efficiently Reduce Cortisol Levels of At-Risk Populations: A Meta-Analysis].          ,  ,  ,   .      ,    , ,      .

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   ,       XXI . ,    ,     ,    ,  , ,    [25 - Hankey A., Shetkar R. Self-Transcending Meditation Is Good for Mental Health: Why This Should Be the Case // International Review of Psychiatry. 2016. Vol. 28. P. 236240.].




5.    


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 6.  





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notes








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21


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27


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28


Kalokerinos E.K., Koval P. Emotion Regulation Flexibility // Gross J.J., Ford B.Q. (eds.). Handbook of Emotion Regulation. 3rd ed. New York: Guilford Press, 2024. P. 265273.


