 
  


       (bad movies)    .         ,    ,                      .       ,         ,         .      -   :  ,     ,  ,           .        ,      . ,        ,  ,          ,        - (badfilm)     (bad movies).

    , , ,   cinema studies.





 

 




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  , 2022

   







,  ,   -       ,    :     ?        -    ?     :         ?      , ,  .    .       ,       ,      .             ,        ,          .  ,              ,     . ,       .  ,      .  ,    ,    ,  ,    . ,     (  ),     ,        ,    ,  ,    .

  ,      ,   ,        ,     .           , do-it-yourself-         .                     .             .   ,    (bad movies)       ,           :   »,      ,   ,  ,   -  ..       ,    .    - ,       .

        . -,   (worst movies),       .             . ,     (2012). -,  ,    ,   ,        ,     .    ,        .        (2003)  . -,    ,  ,  ,  ,            ,    ,      ,    .      ,       ,    ,    . ,    (1996). -,      ,       ,  ,   B, ,     (DTV,   direct to video)  ..,      .

                 [1 - Bartlett B. Badfilm: Incompetence, Intention and Failure. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2021. P. 15.].    ,  ,     ,     . ,      ,            .      ,    ,     ,      ,       .         .

         .   ,    - ,          .       ,        . , ,        [2 -   ,           badness ,   ,   ,   ,       .],     ( ) ,   ,        .        -    ,         .    .   ,       ?    .       (:  )  ,        ?     .    .       ,  ,   ,  .              .  ,        ,            .

     DIY-     -  ,         ,     (2011)   -  .        ,     (1989).               Letterboxd.       1989 ,         ,                          RedLetterMedia.    ,  ,     ,          .        ,                   ,  ,     ,    weird  bizarre.

      .   ,  ,     ,   2019       ,     (golden age of badness)   1990- ,        -   ,     (new terrible).  , , ,  ,   9    (1957)    ,          , , ,    :    (2010)  ,           .   :         ,      , ,   ,                 ,    .    ,    ,    (- [1991])      ,    :          (2004),   (    ) (2011),   (2013)      (2015),     .         .         . , Vinegar Syndrome   2022    (1989),       ,    .   ,          ,    ,         19501970-   .          , , , - (1953).   ,  ,        ,   ,  ,    ,     .

,   ,    [3 -        ,             . .:  . .   :      // . 2014. 5 (101). . 126.               .].            ,        ,      . , ,      .    ,     .           .          -.


     XXI 

    ,        1960- .  ,         ,      ,        ,   1964 [4 -  .    //  .   .   19601970- . .:   , 1997.].                ,       .        ,        ,    .            ,    .                               .  ,          ,    , ,     .

              ,   .         ,  1969     ,   . ,  ,            (1968),             .           .    , ,   2001:   (1968)   ,        (1968) ,       ,  .      ,  -           ,   ,       -          .  ,       [5 - Kael P. Trash, art, and the movies // Kael P. Going Steady. Boston  Toronto: Little, Brown & Company, 1970. . 129.].        ,   ,  ,   .      - ,   -,      - .  ,  ,  ,         ,     ,     [6 - Bartlett B. Badfilm: Incompetence, Intention and Failure. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2021. P. 13.]. ,       ,       ,      (art).   ,               ,   .            .

  ,           .        1970-.  1977  -     Hastings Bad Cinema Society,    Stinkers Bad Movie Awards.         ,     .  2006       .    ,  1981 ,      (Golden Raspberry Awards, aka Razzies)     ,   Stinkers Bad Movie Awards.  ,   ,   .      2005   25-        ,        [7 - Bartlett B. Badfilm: Incompetence, Intention and Failure. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2021. P. 13.].          ,  ,           .           ,  , - (1986).  ,    -   ,    1980-    Hubcap Awards (aka Hubbys).                 ,  -     .   ,        ,         [8 - Mathijs E., Sexton J. Cult Cinema. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011.  37.].

 1978          50  [9 - Medved H., Dreyfuss R. The Fifty Worst Films of All Time (And How They Got That Way). N.Y.: Warner Books, 1978.],        .         [10 - Medved M., Medved H. The Golden Turkey Awards: Nominees and Winners, the Worst Achievements in Hollywood History. N.Y.: Putnam, 1980.],    .     ,           [11 - Medved M., Medved H. Hollywood Hall of Shame. The Most Expensive Flops in Movie History. New York: Perigee Books, 1984. Medved M., Medved H. Son of Golden Turkey Awards: The Best of the Worst from Hollywood. London: Angus & Robertson, 1986.].  , ,     ,    (       )   ,     ,         .         ,    ,   ,   ,         [12 - Farber M. Negative Space: Manny Farber on the Movies. Expanded Edition. N.Y.: Da Capo Press, 1998.],        .              :      (   ,  ,  ),                   ,   .      .        .     ,           ,   ,      .              ,   .              ,      ,           ,    , ,   (1970)   (1976).    ,     1981                 -.         ,       Channel 4 [13 - Sconce J. The golden age of badness // Continuum. 2019. Vol. 33. 6. . 668.],             (1982)[14 - Carter D. R. Cinemasochism: Bad Movies and the People Who Love Them // Weiner R. G., Barba S. E. (eds.). In the Peanut Gallery with Mystery Science Theater 3000. Essays on Film, Fandom, Technology, and the Culture of Riffing. Jefferson  L.: McFarland &amp; Company, 2011. P. 104.].

 ,         ,      , ,  ,     19501970- .         ,           .       ,         .         /, , ,      ,   .     (    )      ,  .            9          ( )        ,        .

 ,   .   ,              II:  (1977),      .  9             ,      .      ,              ,      1966 [15 - Bartlett B. Badfilm P. 12.].           . ,    :     ,     ,   ,   ,   ,   1970- .                             ,   [16 - Hunter I. Q. Trash horror and the cult of the bad film // Benshoff H. (ed.). A Companion to the Horror Film. Chichester: Wiley Blackwell, 2014. P. 491.].

        ,            ,      . ,        [17 - Ross J. The Incredibly Strange Film Book. London  Sydney  New York  Tokyo  Singapore  Toronto: Simon &amp; Schuster, 1993.].    ,      ,    ,       - (1953),  9    .            :    (1967),     (   3    )   2:  (1981).      ,     .  ,       ,         ,     ,  ,    .

                    ,  , ,   . ,   Re/Search,       ,       1986 [18 - Juno A., Vale V. (eds.). RE/Search #10: Incredibly Strange Films. San Francisco: RE/Search Publication, 1986.].        ,       !!? (1964)   ,    .       ,        (exploitation),          ,    ,   ,  ,  ,    .. ,           , , ,  .   Re/Search        ,    (auteur)            .           ,     ,    ,        .         ,          .                      .

        Re/Search      1980-    -     [19 - Weldon M. The Psychotronic Encyclopedia of Film. N.Y.: Ballantine Books, 1983.]. ,         (  ),   ,    ,       .      ,            ,     ,        .     ,                  .            (1979).     ,       ,       ,       [20 - Whitehead C. A Psychotronic Childhood // The New Yorker. 04.06.2012.].

 1988   Channel 4       ,    .       .       ,       B.         Re/Search       ,   ,  ,   ,     .       ,      ,       [21 - .: Wright E. Hero Worship: Sam Raimi // www.theskinny.co.uk. 08.09.2013.].      ,   1989 ,   ,      »  ,  ,   ,  ,  ,  ,     .   1990-         Discovery.           . ,  , ,      ,    , ,     ,            ,      , , ,       .       ,      ,        .

             ,    ,       3000 (MST3k).  MST3k,   ,        »       .  ,     ( ) (     [ . ])         .   /         .  , /       ,        ,       .

,   1988    1989 , MST3k     KTMA-TV  .  1989       Comedy Channel,    Comedy Central.  1997  MST3k   Sci-Fi Channel,   1999     .      2000 .  Sci-Fi Channel        2004 .  2017      Netflix,    ,   2021     - Gizmoplex.  ,        1996         3000: .

          .  ,    ,  MST3k,    ,     ,       ,    ,       .  MST3k     ,    , RiffTrax,       MST3k. RiffTrax   :  MST3k   ,        ,     .       ,       . MST3k  ,      [22 - Weiner R.G., Barba S. E. (eds.). In the Peanut Gallery with Mystery Science Theater 3000. Essays on Film, Fandom, Technology, and the Culture of Riffing. Jefferson  North Carolina  London: McFarland & Company, 2011; Rees S. S. (ed.). Reading Mystery Science Theater 3000, Critical Approaches. Lanham  Toronto  Plymouth: The Scarecrow Press, 2012.].     ,            .     ,     , ,     :    ,   [23 - Carter D. R. Cinemasochism].

         1993 .            ,   .     ,  -,      ,    ,              »,         .   : ,               Z,   9     -  . ,         -,        [24 - Margulies E., Rebello S. Bad Movies We Love Paperback. L.: Marion Boyars, 1993. P. xvii.].          ,     .      ,       ,            .     , ,      (1989)      - (1986),    .     ,        ,      . ,             . ,        (1987)   .             .

 1995         [25 - Sauter M. The Worst Movies of All Time. Or: What Were They Thinking? New York: A Citadel Press Book, 1995.].       50   ,   ,          (1980), -,  (1987).      ,      ,     .       : , ,    ,     ,    »,          .       ,     ,          ,  ,   .          ,      ,      .               ,       ,   ()    ,     .

  ,          ,   Slimetime.   ,    1996 [26 - Puchalski S. Slimetime: A Guide to Sleazy, Mindless Movies. Stockport: Headpress, 1996.],        ,  ,          (1964)            (1984).    ,         ,  .    Slimetime           ,      . ,                 .

           ,         .   ,         ,        .


   

1980-               ,             ,     .    [27 - Hoberman J., Rosenbaum J. Midnight Movies. N.Y.: Da Capo Press, 1983.]    1980     Film Comment   .        ,           .          .    ,     ,          .  ,          .         ,      ,       ,     [28 - Hoberman J. Bad movies // Film Comment. 1980. Vol. 16. 4.].    ,    ,   9   .    ,    -           .

 ,                .  ,  ,    ,       -,  9   ,     (1961), :   (1966)  .,  .  1995             : ,      [29 - Sconce J. Trashing the Academy: Taste, Excess, and an Emerging Politics of Cinematic Style // Screen. Winter 1995. Vol. 36. 4.].           -   ,            .            :      ,    , ,   ,    .  ,       ,      ,   ,           [30 - Ibid. . 372.].                ,       .        ,   ,        [31 - Mathijs E., Mendik X. (eds.). The Cult Film Reader. Maidenhead: Open University Press, 2008.].     (  )      .

        ,    ,    [32 - Mathijs E., Sexton J. Cult Cinema P. 9194.].   ,           »,    ,        ,      [33 - Lerner D. Cinema Regression: Grindhouse and the Limits of the Spectatorial Imaginary // Weiner R. G., Cline J. (eds.). Cinema Inferno: celluloid explosions from the cultural margins. Lanham  Toronto  Plymouth: The Scarerow Press, 2010.].       ,      ,       ,    .    , ,  , 13-[34 -  .    :  13-       // . 2014. 5 (101).].  2007        ,  , ,   ,     -  ,        ,       ..,      .

 2000               -!     瓻,         ,           [35 -  . .  -!      // . 2014. 5 (101).].               ,       ,    .              [36 - Hollows J. The masculinity of cult // Jancovich . et al. (eds.). Defining Cult Movies: The Cultural Politics of Oppositional Taste. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2003.].        ,              [37 - Hunter I. Q. Cult Film as a Guide to Life. Fandom, Adaptation and Identity. New York  London  Oxford  New Delhi  Sydney: Bloomsbury Academic, 2016. P. 3440.].    2011   : [38 - Mathijs E., Sexton J. Cult Cinema]           ,  ,              ,       ,           (2003).  ,       ,    ,         ,       .

     ,   ,      ,        .        .          2009 ,      -      2017       ,       .          ,    .   2010-       .  2011         ,      ,           ,   .         ,         [39 - McCulloch R. Most people bring their own spoons: The Room's participatory audiences as comedy mediators // Participations: Journal of Audience & Reception Studies. 2011. Vol. 8. Vol. 2.].       2013    ,  ,             ,  ,        ()   .   ,   ,      ,     [40 - MacDowell J., Zborowski J. The aesthetics of so bad it's good: Value, intention and The Room // Intensities: The Journal of Cult Media. 2013. 6.].

 2018    Celebrity Studies   ,  ,               ,             [41 - Middlemost R. Renovating The Room: audience reception and paratextual intervention // Celebrity Studies. 2018. Vol.10. 1.].     Celebrity Studies,   ,  2016 ,          ? ,      .   2000-            .       :         (2018),         ,      ,   ,  ,   (2006),        -.      ,    (   )   .  ,       ,      ,       ,      ,       [42 - McGowa D. Nicolas Cage  good or bad? Stardom, performance, and memes in the age of the Internet // Celebrity Studies. 2016. Vol. 8. 2.].

   .  2019   -       -,       ,   ,    , ,      ,            ,     ,    [43 - Hye-Knudsen M., Clasen M. So-Bad-It's-Good: The Room and the Paradoxical Appeal of Bad Films // 169.dk. 28.11.2019.].  2022        :  ,     -  ,          [44 - Rosen A. (ed.). The Room: Deconstructing the Weird, Wonderful World of the Worst Movie Ever Made. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2022.].  ,              ,           .         ,      ,     ,   ,      .

 ,    .      . ,  2016        -.     ,             -      ,           [45 - Sarkhosh K., Menninghaus W. Enjoying trash films: Underlying features, viewing stances, and experiential response dimensions // Poetics. 2016. 57. . 40.].          ,    .   , -        .        ,  ,      ,     .      ,    -   ,  ,         .    ,        ,     .  ,         .    - (1978),   (1984),   (1987),   (1992)  .        (2013),     9           .  , ,  ,      ,        .  2017      -:  .     ,      .        , ,       XXI .  ,               ,       .         ,        .       ,      ,    ,        .      ,           - [46 - Barefoot G. Trash Cinema: The Lure of the Low. London and New York: Wallflower, 2017. P. 89.].

,           ,    ,    .  ,                .                 [47 - Bartlett B. Badfilm P. 4.],               . ,             ,   ,               ,   ,  ,    ,   ..[48 - Olson Ch.J. 100 Greatest Cult Films. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2018.]

   ,     , ,  ,        1950- ,   [49 - Graham A. (1991) Journey to the center of the fifties: The cult of banality // Telotte J. P. (ed.). The Cult Film Experience: Beyond All Reason. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1991.]; ,               [50 - Sconce J. Esper, the renunciator: Teaching bad movies to good students // Jancovich M. et al. (eds.). Defining Cult Movies: The Cultural Politics of Oppositional Taste. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2003.].    2010-      .           -   -[51 - Hunter I. Q. Trash horror and the cult of the bad film].     ,   [52 - Hunter I. Q. Cult Film as a Guide to Life],  ,  :     ,     (bad film)  -       .          ,     ,        ,     蓻[53 - Hunter I. Q. Trash horror and the cult of the bad film P. 484.].         - (badfilm)[54 -     ,     Zontar: The Magazine from Venus.   ,   -       -. Bartlett B. Badfilm P. 3.],        (bad films).         (1972),  (1978)   :  (2000),     -            - (1956), - (1959)      (1968),    [55 - Hunter I. Q. Trash horror and the cult of the bad film P. 486487.].   ,       -,  ,   -     ,       ,    - (,   [1976]),      , , ,   ,         .              ,        ,        -  ,    ,    .

  Science Fiction Double Feature: -           :  -.         .            (1974)      (1975)[56 - Latham R. Lack of Respect, Wrong Attitude, Failure to Obey Authority: Dark Star, A Boy and His Dog, and New Wave Cult SF // Telotte J. P., Duchovnay G. (eds.). Science Fiction Double Feature. The Science Fiction Film as Cult Text. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2015.],     (1996)[57 - Booker M. K. Capitalism, Camp, and Cult SF: Space Truckers as Satire // Telotte J. P., Duchovnay G. (eds.). Science Fiction Double Feature. The Science Fiction Film as Cult Text. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2015.]    - (2002)[58 - Weinstock J. A. Bubba Ho-tep and the Seriously Silly Cult Film // Telotte J. P., Duchovnay G. (eds.). Science Fiction Double Feature. The Science Fiction Film as Cult Text. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2015.].          .          [59 - Vint S. Visual Pleasure, the Cult, and Paracinema // Telotte J. P., Duchovnay G. (eds.). Science Fiction Double Feature. The Science Fiction Film as Cult Text. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2015.].       -[60 - Telotte J. P. Robot Monster and the Watchable Terrible Cult/SF Film // Telotte J. P., Duchovnay G. (eds.). Science Fiction Double Feature. The Science Fiction Film as Cult Text. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2015.]      [61 - Hill R. F. Science Fiction and the Cult of Ed Wood: Glen or Glenda? Bride of the Monster, and Plan 9 from Outer Space // Telotte J. P., Duchovnay G. (eds.). Science Fiction Double Feature. The Science Fiction Film as Cult Text. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2015.].     ,        , ,  ,  ,     ,  ,   , , ,       ,        ,       ,   .          ,    , ,    5000        . - [62 - Ibid. . 189.].  ,    ,   ,     ,       .

 2016        .     .     ,        .      ,      - ( , )     .     (1997)   Masoyiyata ( , 2003)     (1984)   Pembalasan ratu pantai selatan (   , 1989)    Batwoman   La Mujer Murcilago (- , 1968)        Bacalhau (, 1975)    ,    ,    ,   [63 - Smith I. R. The Hollywood Meme. Transnational Adaptations in World Cinema. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2016. . 4.].      ,     ,          .               ,         .    1970  1982 ,   1978  1994     1998  2010 .         ,           ,       .      ,  ,               : ,    .      (3 Dev Adam, 1973)       ,     -.   ,      -         .  - (     )     (1989)    .             .

 2019        ,   ,        ,    [64 - Smith I.R. 'So foreign it's good: The cultural politics of accented cult cinema // Continuum. 2019. Vol. 33. 6.].    ,        ,             (2003), :    (2010)   2 (1990)   ,    .   ,            .       ,              2 (1990),  ,     .        ,                   .

      Continuum       ,   ,         .      ,            .         [65 - MacDowell J., McCulloch R. Introduction: 'So bad it's good': aesthetics, reception, and beyond // Continuum. 2019. Vol. 33. 6. . 647.], ,   ,  2011  2013    .   ,       ,          , , ,       ,   .

        ,     - , ,    . -,  ,       ,      .          . -,  ,        ,     .      .           ,       .        , ,  ,      .  ,       ,                 ,             .    ,            ,     .    ,      ,  ,                  .      ,     ,        [66 - MacDowell J., McCulloch R. Introduction: 'So bad it's good' . 647.].

       4:  (1987).     ,     ,    :       ,        ,     ,   .  ,     ,           .  ,      4:      ,         ,       [67 - Hunter I. Q. Jaws: The revenge and the production of failure // Continuum. 2019. Vol. 33. 6.].  ,     [68 - Hunter I. Q. Cult Film as a Guide to Life . ix-xi.], , ,          .     ,     ,           ,   , , ,   .         ໠    (1998).           ,    ,      ,          ,     ,            [69 - Johnson N. You made me look bad. And that's not good: The millennial cultification of Fatal Deviation, Ireland's only martial arts film // Continuum. 2019. Vol. 33. 6.].

                       .     -,   , , , ?.  ,                   1950-     ?,     9   ,             .  ,   1950-                 Marvel (MCU),        .  2020       Routledge   [70 - Bartlett B. Madman, genius, hack, auteur? Intertextuality, extratextuality, and intention in Ed Wood Films after Plan 9 From Outer Space // Continuum. 2019. Vol. 33. 6.]   :  ,     -[71 - Bartlett B. 'It happens by accident: Failed intentions, incompetence and sincerity in badfilm' // Mathijs E., Sexton J. (eds.). Routledge Companion to Cult Cinema. Oxon  New York: Routledge, 2019. . 4049.],         ,      -: ,   .   ,             [72 - Strohl M. Why It's OK to Love Bad Movies. London  New York: Routledge, 2021.]      .


  :   

  ,         , ,    ,      .  ,       ,   ,  - (badfilm),    - (19501960-)      ,   - .  ,        .        ,              .        XXI ?

     2011    .       ,      ,    Mystery Science Theater 3000.  :     ,      .     ,   ,     [  ..]         ,     [73 - Carter D. R. Cinemasochism . 105.].       ,      ,    :  XXI             ,     [74 - Strohl M. Why It's OK to Love Bad Movies P. 18.].   , ,      -   ,          ,      ,    ,      .            BadMovies.org,           ,        1980-  1990- .     Bad Movie Planet, B-Movie Graveyard, Oh the Humanity!  Braineater,    MST3k     ,     ,    .

 ,          MST3k.   ,              .       .     ,     ,   .     ,  ,  ,    ,         ,        (1988),    (1996),  !?! (2013).          Flavorwire.com,                 Paste Magazine[75 - .: www.pastemagazine.com/tag/bad+movie+diaries (10.08.2022).]. , ,  [76 - Gilbert J. H. Bad Movie Beware! 100 Movies that No Human Being Should Ever Watch. Createspace Independent Publishing Platform, 2015.],    ,    ,    ,   , ,  [77 - Scimia E. So Bad It's Good. More Than 50 Great Films for Your Bad Movie Night. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2012.].  ,    ,   ,     ,    , , , ,   ,     .

       , ,  .   , ,  ,       .     ,    ,   .        ,    2013      YouTube- RedLetterMedia,    ,  I Hate Everything, JonTronShow   .               .           ,   ()   ,   . ,        .                     ,   -.

 ,        .     ,          (    )        . , ,   ,     ,  ,      .  2012      ,   2019   ,     ,     ,        »,          The New Yorker   [78 - Whitehead C. A Psychotronic Childhood // www.newyorker.com. 04.06.2012.]. ,      :  ,   .    ,      ,     ,    .  2013            (vulgar auteurism)[79 -  .:  . .  :   -   . .:     , 2014. . 3345.].       2009      :   ,   Cinema Scope[80 - Tracy A. Vulgar Auteurism: The Case of Michael Mann // Cinema Scope. 2009. Fall. 40.].   , ,          ,   .      ,  ,     MUBI,      .       ( ),        -. ,   ,  ,    .     ,  ,    .        .     -     .

            ,   [81 - Margulies E., Rebello S. Bad Movies We Love] (1993)      .  , , -,      ,  -,    ,         ,     ,     .  ,     ,    ,    ,   ,  ,    ,  ,    .   , , ,    -  ,     .     1990-,        ,   .      ,     .       ,    ,           .            ,         ,   [82 -  . .   :       . .:     , 2020. . 3339.].  , ,   1993    ,        .    ,    ?

  ,    (, ),       ,   ,  ,  . ,  2017   The Ringer            ,     Twitter[83 - The Ringer Staff. The 50 Best Good Bad Movies // www.theringer.com. 19.06.2017.].   , , ,     ,  ,       ,    (1980),  (1998)  .         ,    ,    ,  ,    ..,  . ,     ,       ,      . ,           The Ringer:   ,      ,   :  -      2   ?   .     .     .     -   .        , ,    ,   ,      [84 - The Ringer Staff. Actually, the Best Good Bad Movie Is // www.theringer.com. 23.06.2017.].     ,           (2007)  .

   50       . -, ,     ,    . -,      :     ,  ,   ,     .  :   (   ) ,     ,       , , ,  (2010). -,       ,       .               : (CR ? RT) ? PO = GBS,  GBS   Good Bad Score.   GBS ,       . CR   ,         Google News    (1    100 )   ,      . RT   Rotten Tomatoes. PO   .   PO,    Twitter      10 .             1  64:    64 ,    63    .     6700 . , ,   ,           ,    ,     .

         ,   ,       .   ,      , ,   ,    ,     ,  . ,    ,        .  ,     Rotten Tomatoes,       .   2018     ,      .       ,      [85 - RT Staff. 56 Rotten Movies We Actually Love // www.editorial.rottentomatoes.com. 26.03.2018.].   ,   ,   ,    ,     Rotten Tomatoes   ,     . ,     The Ringer,  Rotten Tomatoes         ,      .      ,      ,     ,   .            ,      (2001)    (1991).

  2019  Rotten Tomatoes     ,         ,   .  ,    ,   ,     (  )  .       ()        ,       .     ,    .          ,       Rotten Tomatoes.       .  ,     ,        ,    .     ,       .     (    ),        .              ,        .     ,    (1992),   (1997),  [86 - Rabin N. MacGruber (2010) 48% // Rotten Movies We Love. Cult Classics, Underrated Gems, and Films So Bad They're Good. Philadelphia: Running Press, 2019. . 8789.]  .       ,  ,       The Ringer,   ,   , ,    (  )     (    ).        .     :     (,   -  ,  -  ),    - Rotten Tomatoes  .

  .    (  ,     );    ,    ;                ;   ; ,     ;    ;    ( ,      ,    ).   .

   ,    ,       ,         .   ,       (1995) , ,     .    ,      ,    ,       .  ,      (  [1996],      2021    :  ),       (   [2006])         ,       ? ( [1988],  [1985])[87 - Rotten Movies We Love. Cult Classics, Underrated Gems, and Films So Bad They're Good. Philadelphia: Running Press, 2019. . 1.].    ,        .  ,     ,      :     ?                .   -,     (1974)    (1987),          .   ,    :      ,      ,     ,            [88 - Ibid. . 39.].

      .            1941 (1979),    2:   (1997) , ,  (1991).   ,   ,  ,    ,  (   26%),     ,      VHS,   .   ,         ,        -,    .   ,    ,           :     ,       [89 - Ibid. . 5979.].       (),           ,     (, ,   )  . ,       ,   ,  ,   ,    .       (2001)[90 -  . .    . 449453.]. ,   ,   ,   ,  ,      ,   ,     ,       [91 - Rotten Movies We Love . 81.].             (1998)  ,    [92 - White T. The Craft (1996) 57% // Rotten Movies We Love. Cult Classics, Underrated Gems, and Films So Bad They're Good. Philadelphia: Running Press, 2019. . 103105.].

 ,          ,    .         (2009)  .          .   𻠖   ,   ,      ,   ,        ,    [93 - Rotten Movies We Love . 124.].  ,     ,     ,  ,     ,     (1998)    (1997).    ,      ,   (1998).     ,      ,         ,               [94 - Ibid. . 115.].

   .       ,  .     .      ,            .     -  -,      ,    ,  ,     [95 - Ibid. . 149173.].           .    ,   ,  ,     ,     , ,    ,   ,    .   ,       , ,  ,     ,    ,      ,  , ,     ?[96 - Ibid. . 177.]        ,   .   ,    .         ,   ,        ,       , , ,      ,    (1989),   ,  ,   .

         XXI  ,       .   ,     ,                  ,        ,     .        -,        :   .  ,           ,   ,  ,    . , ,  ,            ,       .


 -   :   

            ,    ,       .  2004  : , ,     ,      ,     ,       ,  ,       [97 - Pomerance M. (ed.). Bad. Infamy, Darkness, Evil, and Slime on Screen. New York: State University of New York Press, 2004.].         ,      ,   .   2014     ϓ   : ,          (  ,  , -   ..),     -  [98 - Perkins C.E., Verevis C. (eds.). B Is for Bad Cinema. Aesthetics, Politics, and Cultural Value. New York: State University of New York Press, 2014.].     2014     ,        .  ,           .              ,   ,     .     ,   ,   ,     ,     ,   .

   .  ,    ,      19501960- , ,       ,       ,   ,       [99 - Sconce J. The golden age of badness . 669.].  ,   : , ,  ,   ,  .               ,       .   ,     ,      (new terrible),    . ,          ,       , , ,     (2015).     ,         ,     .   ,    (2013),   ,   -  ,   -          (1997)     (1984)   -[100 - Ibid. . 673.].  ,  廠   .

,            ,      . -,      ,  -,  廠  .   ,      , ,  .       9   ,             .       ,     ,   9    :  ,        ,          ,    ,         , ,  ,    [101 - Bartlett B. Badfilm P. 173.].     ,      .   -       ,       ,    ,   , ,  ,            -.  ,   ,  :        :     ,  ,      ,  ,  ,     .        ,   ,      (2011)      (2015).         ,  ,  ,   .  ,         ,     .

      2021 .          ,            ,     ,        :    - (badfilm).    ?  ,    /          ;    ,       ,    .     -,     : -    ,         .     ,      -: ,   ,      , .

        -,  9   ,     ..  ,      ,     .           (1971)   ,  -.       ,        2, ,    (2002)  :   .  ,            ,              .  ,       -,       :   ,    ,           ,           ,   , [102 - Bartlett B. Badfilm P. 167168.].   -      (2001)  ,    (   ,      ),             (2005)       .   ,          ,         ; , ,   ,   2 (1987)   (1987).    ,      ,  ,                    ,   .  ,         ,        .

                 [103 - Strohl M. Why It's OK to Love Bad Movies].        .            ( ,  ,   )     ,        ,   .             .       - (badfilm),         (bad movies).       ,          .          -     9   ,  2  .        -  (good-bad movies), ,   -.          ,    ,  軠     ,             .         , ,                   .  ,   ,   ,     ,        . ,  .      .

      .       ,         . ,  ,     (2001) ()   :    (2003) ()  ,       ,      .    ,           . ,   ,   ,     .         .     ,   , ,  (1983)  , -  .  ?  ,          ,      . ,     ,         .  ,     ,     ,      ,         ,       .

,             ,           .          ,      ,    ,  ,      .  ,    ,            ,     ,      .    ,                ,     ,           (1966),       ,  .     ,    ,        [104 - Bartlett B. Badfilm P. 1619.].      ,      ,   -     ,      -,    .      .

  ,      .   ,      . ,   ,    /   . ,        (bad movies),     ,   ,   ,     .      ,     ,    .                ,   [105 - Strohl M. Why It's OK to Love Bad Movies P. 22.].    ,    ,   ,    ,      ,      - ,   ,  ,      .      ,    ,   , , ,   ,        ,      .   ,               , , ,   .   ,       .        -:      ,        .        ,           -  ,             (1996).

,       ,      ,     :      .    ,  ,      ,   ,  ,       .  :     ,        ,    -,   ,     -.     - ,    ,          [106 - Ibid. P. 63.]. ( ,                    .)       :      (1997);   »  3:  (1984)   2 (1991); ,    (     );   ,         :   (2012)  .       : ,       ,         .  , DTV-   - :      ,     [107 - Ibid. P. 89.].   , , -,          ,     ,           . -,             ,    ?    (    ),  ,     ,    :  .    ,         .           .

,  ,         .      - (badfilm) (, ).       - ().              ,    ,    ,   ,   ,  :   򻠖  -.         (bad movies). ,           ,          .   ,  , , ,  ,            :      1980-  1990- ,    ,     -    [108 - Hill R. The Bad Movie Bible: The Ultimate Modern Guide to Movies That Are so Bad They're Good. Art of Publishing, 2017.].      ,       ,         ,     ,        ,   ,      ,      .  ,  ,  ,      ,    ;    , ,  ,     ,            ,    :   ,              [109 - Telotte J. P. Introduction: Science Fiction Double Feature // Telotte J. P., Duchovnay G. (eds.). Science Fiction Double Feature. The Science Fiction Film as Cult Text. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2015.].  ,      ,     ,        .

     .      ,         ;   (  .)   ,     .      .     :  ,      () ,      SoBIG [ ,   . ..]  ,  .    ,         ,  /, /, /  /[110 - MacDowell J., McCulloch R. Introduction: 'So bad it's good' . 647.]. ,     ,        ;            .   ,          ,  ,      .          ,   , -   .       ,  ,         .

       .    . ,       ,       .              ,  ,    (1991). ,       1985 ,      :      ,        [111 - Staiger J. The politics of film canons // Cinema Journal. 1985. Vol. 24. 3.],        .  ,  ,             ,         .  ,         ,        .   -[112 - Bartlett B. Badfilm P. 23.].        ,           ,         .        ,  - (badfilm),  -  ,  ,       ,      (bad movies).       9  -,     :    ,       2,      (1995)   (2008),      3:  (1984)   2 (1984).




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/pages/biblio_book/?art=74147091)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


Bartlett B. Badfilm: Incompetence, Intention and Failure. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2021. P. 15.




2


  ,           badness ,   ,   ,   ,       .




3


       ,             . .:  . .   :      // . 2014. 5 (101). . 126.               .




4


 .    //  .   .   19601970- . .:   , 1997.




5


Kael P. Trash, art, and the movies // Kael P. Going Steady. Boston  Toronto: Little, Brown & Company, 1970. . 129.




6


Bartlett B. Badfilm: Incompetence, Intention and Failure. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2021. P. 13.




7


Bartlett B. Badfilm: Incompetence, Intention and Failure. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2021. P. 13.




8


Mathijs E., Sexton J. Cult Cinema. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011.  37.




9


Medved H., Dreyfuss R. The Fifty Worst Films of All Time (And How They Got That Way). N.Y.: Warner Books, 1978.




10


Medved M., Medved H. The Golden Turkey Awards: Nominees and Winners, the Worst Achievements in Hollywood History. N.Y.: Putnam, 1980.




11


Medved M., Medved H. Hollywood Hall of Shame. The Most Expensive Flops in Movie History. New York: Perigee Books, 1984. Medved M., Medved H. Son of Golden Turkey Awards: The Best of the Worst from Hollywood. London: Angus & Robertson, 1986.




12


Farber M. Negative Space: Manny Farber on the Movies. Expanded Edition. N.Y.: Da Capo Press, 1998.




13


Sconce J. The golden age of badness // Continuum. 2019. Vol. 33. 6. . 668.




14


Carter D. R. Cinemasochism: Bad Movies and the People Who Love Them // Weiner R. G., Barba S. E. (eds.). In the Peanut Gallery with Mystery Science Theater 3000. Essays on Film, Fandom, Technology, and the Culture of Riffing. Jefferson  L.: McFarland &amp; Company, 2011. P. 104.




15


Bartlett B. Badfilm P. 12.




16


Hunter I. Q. Trash horror and the cult of the bad film // Benshoff H. (ed.). A Companion to the Horror Film. Chichester: Wiley Blackwell, 2014. P. 491.




17


Ross J. The Incredibly Strange Film Book. London  Sydney  New York  Tokyo  Singapore  Toronto: Simon &amp; Schuster, 1993.




18


Juno A., Vale V. (eds.). RE/Search #10: Incredibly Strange Films. San Francisco: RE/Search Publication, 1986.




19


Weldon M. The Psychotronic Encyclopedia of Film. N.Y.: Ballantine Books, 1983.




20


Whitehead C. A Psychotronic Childhood // The New Yorker. 04.06.2012.




21


.: Wright E. Hero Worship: Sam Raimi // www.theskinny.co.uk. 08.09.2013.




22


Weiner R.G., Barba S. E. (eds.). In the Peanut Gallery with Mystery Science Theater 3000. Essays on Film, Fandom, Technology, and the Culture of Riffing. Jefferson  North Carolina  London: McFarland & Company, 2011; Rees S. S. (ed.). Reading Mystery Science Theater 3000, Critical Approaches. Lanham  Toronto  Plymouth: The Scarecrow Press, 2012.




23


Carter D. R. Cinemasochism




24


Margulies E., Rebello S. Bad Movies We Love Paperback. L.: Marion Boyars, 1993. P. xvii.




25


Sauter M. The Worst Movies of All Time. Or: What Were They Thinking? New York: A Citadel Press Book, 1995.




26


Puchalski S. Slimetime: A Guide to Sleazy, Mindless Movies. Stockport: Headpress, 1996.




27


Hoberman J., Rosenbaum J. Midnight Movies. N.Y.: Da Capo Press, 1983.




28


Hoberman J. Bad movies // Film Comment. 1980. Vol. 16. 4.




29


Sconce J. Trashing the Academy: Taste, Excess, and an Emerging Politics of Cinematic Style // Screen. Winter 1995. Vol. 36. 4.




30


Ibid. . 372.




31


Mathijs E., Mendik X. (eds.). The Cult Film Reader. Maidenhead: Open University Press, 2008.




32


Mathijs E., Sexton J. Cult Cinema P. 9194.




33


Lerner D. Cinema Regression: Grindhouse and the Limits of the Spectatorial Imaginary // Weiner R. G., Cline J. (eds.). Cinema Inferno: celluloid explosions from the cultural margins. Lanham  Toronto  Plymouth: The Scarerow Press, 2010.




34


 .    :  13-       // . 2014. 5 (101).




35


 . .  -!      // . 2014. 5 (101).




36


Hollows J. The masculinity of cult // Jancovich . et al. (eds.). Defining Cult Movies: The Cultural Politics of Oppositional Taste. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2003.




37


Hunter I. Q. Cult Film as a Guide to Life. Fandom, Adaptation and Identity. New York  London  Oxford  New Delhi  Sydney: Bloomsbury Academic, 2016. P. 3440.




38


Mathijs E., Sexton J. Cult Cinema




39


McCulloch R. Most people bring their own spoons: The Room's participatory audiences as comedy mediators // Participations: Journal of Audience & Reception Studies. 2011. Vol. 8. Vol. 2.




40


MacDowell J., Zborowski J. The aesthetics of so bad it's good: Value, intention and The Room // Intensities: The Journal of Cult Media. 2013. 6.




41


Middlemost R. Renovating The Room: audience reception and paratextual intervention // Celebrity Studies. 2018. Vol.10. 1.




42


McGowa D. Nicolas Cage  good or bad? Stardom, performance, and memes in the age of the Internet // Celebrity Studies. 2016. Vol. 8. 2.




43


Hye-Knudsen M., Clasen M. So-Bad-It's-Good: The Room and the Paradoxical Appeal of Bad Films // 169.dk. 28.11.2019.




44


Rosen A. (ed.). The Room: Deconstructing the Weird, Wonderful World of the Worst Movie Ever Made. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2022.




45


Sarkhosh K., Menninghaus W. Enjoying trash films: Underlying features, viewing stances, and experiential response dimensions // Poetics. 2016. 57. . 40.




46


Barefoot G. Trash Cinema: The Lure of the Low. London and New York: Wallflower, 2017. P. 89.




47


Bartlett B. Badfilm P. 4.




48


Olson Ch.J. 100 Greatest Cult Films. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2018.




49


Graham A. (1991) Journey to the center of the fifties: The cult of banality // Telotte J. P. (ed.). The Cult Film Experience: Beyond All Reason. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1991.




50


Sconce J. Esper, the renunciator: Teaching bad movies to good students // Jancovich M. et al. (eds.). Defining Cult Movies: The Cultural Politics of Oppositional Taste. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2003.




51


Hunter I. Q. Trash horror and the cult of the bad film




52


Hunter I. Q. Cult Film as a Guide to Life




53


Hunter I. Q. Trash horror and the cult of the bad film P. 484.




54


    ,     Zontar: The Magazine from Venus.   ,   -       -. Bartlett B. Badfilm P. 3.




55


Hunter I. Q. Trash horror and the cult of the bad film P. 486487.




56


Latham R. Lack of Respect, Wrong Attitude, Failure to Obey Authority: Dark Star, A Boy and His Dog, and New Wave Cult SF // Telotte J. P., Duchovnay G. (eds.). Science Fiction Double Feature. The Science Fiction Film as Cult Text. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2015.




57


Booker M. K. Capitalism, Camp, and Cult SF: Space Truckers as Satire // Telotte J. P., Duchovnay G. (eds.). Science Fiction Double Feature. The Science Fiction Film as Cult Text. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2015.




58


Weinstock J. A. Bubba Ho-tep and the Seriously Silly Cult Film // Telotte J. P., Duchovnay G. (eds.). Science Fiction Double Feature. The Science Fiction Film as Cult Text. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2015.




59


Vint S. Visual Pleasure, the Cult, and Paracinema // Telotte J. P., Duchovnay G. (eds.). Science Fiction Double Feature. The Science Fiction Film as Cult Text. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2015.




60


Telotte J. P. Robot Monster and the Watchable Terrible Cult/SF Film // Telotte J. P., Duchovnay G. (eds.). Science Fiction Double Feature. The Science Fiction Film as Cult Text. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2015.




61


Hill R. F. Science Fiction and the Cult of Ed Wood: Glen or Glenda? Bride of the Monster, and Plan 9 from Outer Space // Telotte J. P., Duchovnay G. (eds.). Science Fiction Double Feature. The Science Fiction Film as Cult Text. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2015.




62


Ibid. . 189.




63


Smith I. R. The Hollywood Meme. Transnational Adaptations in World Cinema. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2016. . 4.




64


Smith I.R. 'So foreign it's good: The cultural politics of accented cult cinema // Continuum. 2019. Vol. 33. 6.




65


MacDowell J., McCulloch R. Introduction: 'So bad it's good': aesthetics, reception, and beyond // Continuum. 2019. Vol. 33. 6. . 647.




66


MacDowell J., McCulloch R. Introduction: 'So bad it's good' . 647.




67


Hunter I. Q. Jaws: The revenge and the production of failure // Continuum. 2019. Vol. 33. 6.




68


Hunter I. Q. Cult Film as a Guide to Life . ix-xi.




69


Johnson N. You made me look bad. And that's not good: The millennial cultification of Fatal Deviation, Ireland's only martial arts film // Continuum. 2019. Vol. 33. 6.




70


Bartlett B. Madman, genius, hack, auteur? Intertextuality, extratextuality, and intention in Ed Wood Films after Plan 9 From Outer Space // Continuum. 2019. Vol. 33. 6.




71


Bartlett B. 'It happens by accident: Failed intentions, incompetence and sincerity in badfilm' // Mathijs E., Sexton J. (eds.). Routledge Companion to Cult Cinema. Oxon  New York: Routledge, 2019. . 4049.




72


Strohl M. Why It's OK to Love Bad Movies. London  New York: Routledge, 2021.




73


Carter D. R. Cinemasochism . 105.




74


Strohl M. Why It's OK to Love Bad Movies P. 18.




75


.: www.pastemagazine.com/tag/bad+movie+diaries (10.08.2022).




76


Gilbert J. H. Bad Movie Beware! 100 Movies that No Human Being Should Ever Watch. Createspace Independent Publishing Platform, 2015.




77


Scimia E. So Bad It's Good. More Than 50 Great Films for Your Bad Movie Night. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2012.




78


Whitehead C. A Psychotronic Childhood // www.newyorker.com. 04.06.2012.




79


 .:  . .  :   -   . .:     , 2014. . 3345.




80


Tracy A. Vulgar Auteurism: The Case of Michael Mann // Cinema Scope. 2009. Fall. 40.




81


Margulies E., Rebello S. Bad Movies We Love




82


 . .   :       . .:     , 2020. . 3339.




83


The Ringer Staff. The 50 Best Good Bad Movies // www.theringer.com. 19.06.2017.




84


The Ringer Staff. Actually, the Best Good Bad Movie Is // www.theringer.com. 23.06.2017.




85


RT Staff. 56 Rotten Movies We Actually Love // www.editorial.rottentomatoes.com. 26.03.2018.




86


Rabin N. MacGruber (2010) 48% // Rotten Movies We Love. Cult Classics, Underrated Gems, and Films So Bad They're Good. Philadelphia: Running Press, 2019. . 8789.




87


Rotten Movies We Love. Cult Classics, Underrated Gems, and Films So Bad They're Good. Philadelphia: Running Press, 2019. . 1.




88


Ibid. . 39.




89


Ibid. . 5979.




90


 . .    . 449453.




91


Rotten Movies We Love . 81.




92


White T. The Craft (1996) 57% // Rotten Movies We Love. Cult Classics, Underrated Gems, and Films So Bad They're Good. Philadelphia: Running Press, 2019. . 103105.




93


Rotten Movies We Love . 124.




94


Ibid. . 115.




95


Ibid. . 149173.




96


Ibid. . 177.




97


Pomerance M. (ed.). Bad. Infamy, Darkness, Evil, and Slime on Screen. New York: State University of New York Press, 2004.




98


Perkins C.E., Verevis C. (eds.). B Is for Bad Cinema. Aesthetics, Politics, and Cultural Value. New York: State University of New York Press, 2014.




99


Sconce J. The golden age of badness . 669.




100


Ibid. . 673.




101


Bartlett B. Badfilm P. 173.




102


Bartlett B. Badfilm P. 167168.




103


Strohl M. Why It's OK to Love Bad Movies




104


Bartlett B. Badfilm P. 1619.




105


Strohl M. Why It's OK to Love Bad Movies P. 22.




106


Ibid. P. 63.




107


Ibid. P. 89.




108


Hill R. The Bad Movie Bible: The Ultimate Modern Guide to Movies That Are so Bad They're Good. Art of Publishing, 2017.




109


Telotte J. P. Introduction: Science Fiction Double Feature // Telotte J. P., Duchovnay G. (eds.). Science Fiction Double Feature. The Science Fiction Film as Cult Text. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2015.




110


MacDowell J., McCulloch R. Introduction: 'So bad it's good' . 647.




111


Staiger J. The politics of film canons // Cinema Journal. 1985. Vol. 24. 3.




112


Bartlett B. Badfilm P. 23.


