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notes








1


Vi?a, J., Borrs, C., Gambini, J., Sastre, J., & Pallard, F. V. (2005). Why females live longer than males: Control of longevity by sex hormones. Science of Aging Knowledge Environment: SAGE KE, 2005(23), pe17. https://doi.org/10.1126/sageke.2005.23.pe17; Global Health Observatory, World Health Organization. (2020, December 4). Healthy Life Expectancy (HALE) at birth (years). https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/gho-ghe-hale-healthy-life-expectancy-at-age-60.




2


Barrett, A. E., & von Rohr, C. (2008). Gendered perceptions of aging: An examination of college students. International Journal of Aging & Human Development, 67(4), 359386. https://doi.org/10.2190/AG.67.4.d.




3


Levy, B. R., Slade, M. D., Kunkel, S. R., & Kasl, S. V. (2002). Longevity increased by positive self-perceptions of aging. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83(2), 261270. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.83.2.261.




4


Levy, B. R., Zonderman, A. B., Slade, M. D., & Ferrucci, L. (2009). Age stereotypes held earlier in life predict cardiovascular events in later life. Psychological Science, 20(3), 296298. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.14679280.2009.02298.x.




5


Levy, B. R., Chung, P. H., Slade, M. D., Van Ness, P. H., & Pietrzak, R. H. (2019). Active coping shields against negative aging self-stereotypes contributing to psychiatric conditions. Social Science & Medicine, 228, 2529. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.socscimed.2019.02.035.




6


Levy, B. R., Slade, M. D., Murphy, T. E., & Gill, T. M. (2012). Association between positive age stereotypes and recovery from disability in older persons. JAMA, 308(19), 19721973. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2012.14541.




7


Levy, B. R., Slade, M. D., Pietrzak, R. H., & Ferrucci, L. (2018). Positive age beliefs protect against dementia even among elders with high-risk gene. PLoS ONE, 13(2), article e0191004. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0191004.




8


Kwak, S., Kim, H., Chey, J., & Youm, Y. (2018). Feeling how old I am: Subjective age is associated with estimated brain age. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 10, 168. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2018.00168.




9


Edward Jones and Age Wave. (2022). Longevity and the new journey of retirement. https://www.edwardjones.com/us-en/market-news-insights/retirement/new-retirement/longevity.




10


Blanchflower, D. G., & Oswald, A. J. (2008). Is well-being U-shaped over the life cycle? Social Science & Medicine, 66(8), 17331749. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.01.030; Wunder, C., Wiencierz A., Schwarze, J., & K?chenhoff, H. (2013). Well-being over the life span: Semiparametric evidence from British and German longitudinal data. Review of Economics and Statistics, 95(1), 154167. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23355657.


