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 (coffeinum, 1,3,7-  3,7--1,3,7--1--2,6-)        ,    (Thea sinensis),  (Coffea arabica),  (Theobroma cacao),  (Cola acuminata)    .        , ,        .

    ,     .          ,   ,        .         , -   .

     (  )   軠 - ,         ,      ,            [Kennedy et al., 2022].        ,          , ,        ,  .  ,           ,      :        23%        ,    .

 XXI              .      20202021    10  , , ,    90%          200 [Frary et al., 2005].



 ,          ,      800  ,   ,   [Nieber 2017].



  ,  ,      ,    .       ,        ,   ,  ,    -.          ,      [Rodak et al., 2021].      ,   ,    ,      [Meredith et al., 2013; Anderson et al., 2012].

               .    ,         :     (,   ,    )       [Nieber 2017].      ,    ,     .       , ,      Caffeine Consumption Questionnaire-Revised (CCQ-R),       [Jessica et al., 2016].




  



   ,     ,        ,        . ,    ,       ,  ,  ,    ,    (his goats dancing joyously around a dark green leafed shrub with bright red cherries.).         ,           [Heckman et al., 2010].   XIX           Dr.Pepper, Coca-Cola  Pepsi-Cola,       [Drewnowski et al., 2016].

  ,       IX ,   (  XIX )      .      1819              ĸ     ø    kaffein,          caffeine    [Weinberg, A.; Bealer, B.K., 2001].    (18271865)         : , .

       1875    (18471915),         [Meusinger R., 2009].     -    1882          ,        ,       1902  [Fischer, E., 1881].

                 ,    ,    .                  (Food and Drug Administration, FDA),   ,    ,        [Schmidt et al., 2006, Mathew 2011].  (  )        ,        .                 .             20/          510/              [Miao et al., 2022].    FDA          [New drug application: CAFCIT (NDA) 020793. Washington, D.C.: Food and Drug Administration, 2000.; Abdel et al., 2019].        Moresco  .,   2023      ,  ,        /                [Moresco et al., 2023].

 ,  FDA,            ,             ( ) (Postdural puncture headache (PDPH)) ( ) [Guest et al., 2021, VanderPluym et al., 2021, Basurto et al., 2015, Siegler et al., 2022].                    [Santos et al., 2010, Arendash et al., 2006, Zheng et al., 2023].







           5000  .  ,               (             ) [Fredholm et al., 2011].   ,      2100  ,           750    [Lu et al., 2016].     ,       ( )   .

      2   ,       camellia sinensis.         60 ,       5   .



            ( 3,3    ),     ( 1,4    ),    ( 0,6    ).

          3    .        -1.16  0.25     .        0.13  .



            . ,           1200 ,          XVII .   XIX        ,       ,    ,      .

    ,     ,    , , ,    ,        . ,         , ,              .       ,     ,   2000  .    ,    ,             .          .  2016          ,   -   :        :    2100 .

     1500  ,      (Camelia sinensis var. sinensis)    (Camelia sinensis var. assamica) ,        ,     .    ,   ,      .

        ,           . , ,     ,            ,   (,     ,  ,      )  ,   ,       .                 .



                      [Sakurai et al., 2020].



   ,   VIII , ,       ,   , ,   ,   ,          ,        .                  , ,          .



       ,       ,              .       -        , ,             .



          . ,   (  ) ,   .     ,  , ,          .    ,            ,    ,      .            ,          :       ( ,   ,  ,  ,  ),       .

       1638.,            ,             .       :  (  )  .          ,               .

     :        .       , ,           ,         ,      .    ,     ,    ,    -    .

  ,    ,      .   XVIII    30%     ,    XIX   90%.







    qahva   ,  ,   .           ,       ()         .

      50     .      (International Coffee Organization, ICO)      -      4,1     (80%   20% ),         1,7     (5%   95% ),         0,85     (100% ).



     (International Coffee Organization, ICO)       2020       (1,6    ).          1,6  0,4     .        0,3    .



          IX .           .     (,   ) ,  ,          XIV   XV .         ,                .       ,     [Wolf et al., 2008].

  ,    ,                      .

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     XVIII      ,       1732. .



      ,       : ,  ,     .              . ,       ( )     .   XVIII       ,       .      ,     ,        .                   [Fredholm et al., 2011].




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