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    ,           2022.,      .    COVID-19,    NextGenerationEU,                 .         .                .

    ,  ,            ()       ()   1999.                                 .               [1 - Treaty of Lisbon // EUR-Lex. 17 December 2007. URL: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A12007L%2FTXT&qid=1720598734732 ( : 17.06.2024).]  2009.             .

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 ,               EULEX[2 -  EULEX (European Union Rule of Law Mission in Kosovo)      ;    2008.            .]    2008.[3 - Differentiated Cooperation in European Foreign Policy: The Challenge of Coherence / G. Grevi [et al.] // EU IDEA Policy Paper. 2020. 5. URL: https://www.epc.eu/content/ PDF/2020/EU_IDEA-_challenge_of_coherence.pdf ( : 17.06.2024).]

               .  ,           casus foederis,    5  .  42,  7, ,  [] -       ,  -              51  ͻ.       ,              ,      2015.             [4 - Deen ., Zandee D., Stoetman A. Uncharted and uncomfortable in European defence // Cllingendael. 27 January 2022. URL: https://www.clingendael.org/publication/uncharted-and-uncomfortable-european-defence ( : 10.07.2024).].

 ,            ,       .      ,       ,          .               ,              -.              ,    ,    ,           (. 42,  7  ).

         ,   2004.:      -;            ;     ;        ;     (. 45).             PESCO[5 - PESCO (Permanent Structured Cooperation)         ,    2017.         -.           PESCO      ,             .] (  ),      ,             (. 42  46).  PESCO         ,    ,        [6 - Twort L. EU Strategic Autonomy and the ambition of PESCO // RUSI. 4July 2018. URL: https://www.rusi.org/explore-our-research/publications/commentary/eu-strategic-autonomy-and-ambition-pesco ( : 09.07.2024).].

   ,     [7 -   (Petersberg Tasks)  ,    ,      1992.       1997.     .     :    ,  ,  ,    ,       .],            ,       ,    .     ,       :    ,    ,       ,       ,      ,     .        ,               (. 43.1).

,     ,         .          ,         ,   .  ,            .  ,        ,               .         ,           ,     ,  ,      .  ,          .      ,   .

 -         ,          1992.      :      ,            ,       ,       [8 - Perissich R. Europes Strategic Compass: merits and shortcomings // Institute Affari Internazionali. 10 December 2021. URL: https://www.iai.it/en/pubblicazioni/europes-strategic-compass-merits-and-shortcomings ( : 09.07.2024).].

 2020-            ,   ,              .

            [9 - A Strategic Compass for Security and Defence  For a European Union that protects its citizens, values and interests and contributes to international peace and security. 21 March 2022 / Council of the European Union. Brussels. URL: https://data.consilium. europa.eu/doc/document/ST-7371-2022-INIT/en/pdf ( : 09.07.2024).] 2022.,        2.             .              .

           .       ,      [10 - Aydin-Diizgit S., Bond L, Scazzieri L. The Role of Differentiation in EU Foreign, Security and Defence Policy Cooperation with Neighbouring Countries // EU IDEA Policy Papers. 2021. 14.].   ,  , ,            (  2020.   2022.),  ,       PESCO.   ,        , -         ,     ,  ,       -.

          ,     [11 - Alcaro R., Siddi . Differentiation in EU Foreign and Security Policy: EU Lead Groups in the Iranian Nuclear Dispute and the Ukraine Crisis // EU IDEA Policy Paper. 2020. 11.].      [12 - Differentiated Cooperation in European Foreign Policy: The Challenge of Coherence / G. Grevi [et al.] // EU IDEA Policy Paper. 2020. 5. URL: https://www.epc.eu/content/ PDF/2020/EU_IDEA-_challenge_of_coherence.pdf ( : 17.06.2024).].

-, -   ,          :    ,    .

-,       ,      ,    ,     .

-,      ,           :       -        .

          ,      .      G7  G20 ( , ,          )      ,      ,         .

,    ,                  -    . ,   2019.                        ,      ()  .

          2022.       :   ,    ,    . ,   -  ,   .

            .      -,   ,   . ,        .              -      .  ,             .

 -              ..     [13 -  .. - :    //     . 2022. . IV. 29.].

-,  ,   ,   ,                       .

-,        ,       .             .         .               .

-,        .              .  ,         ,      .

-,     .   2017.[14 -    .     26  2017.       .         ,      .]     ,       .

-,             .

-,    .   .         .

 ,       ,     :   [15 - Siddi ., Karjalainen ., Jokela /. Differentiated Cooperation in the EUs Foreign and Security Policy: Effectiveness, Accountability, Legitimacy//The International Spectator. 2022. 57(1). P.107123.].

   ,    ,        .        ,                     [16 - Sjursen . The Legitimacy of European Union Foreign Policy // Global Affairs. 2018. 4 (23). P.253264.].       ,    ,    ,          ,         [17 - Tallberg Ziirn M. The Legitimacy and Legitimation of International Organizations: Introduction and Framework// The Review of International Organizations. 2019. 14 (4). P.581606.].

        ,        -        ,   .

                , ,       .           [18 - Lavenex S., Krizic I. Conceptualising Differentiated Integration: Governance, Effectiveness and Legitimacy// EU IDEA Research Paper. 2019. 2.]. ,              -,       ,             -.  ,          ,   ,               .

        -.    ,    ,  -   ,         [19 - Genschel Ph., Jachtenfuchs . More Integration, Less Federation: The European Integration of Core State Powers // Journal of European Public Policy. 2016. Vol. 23, 1.P. 4259.].

 , -          : ,    .

       .    27 -   ,     ,    . ,   - .      ,       [20 - Europe cannot wait for unity // ClingendaeL June 2022.].                         [21 -                  2024.   ,      (Identity and Democracy Group)      (European Conservatives and Reformists)   10%  ,        130   720.].

       .            :  -,            . , , -      ,       .

      .   -     ,   ,       ,      ,           .          -       [22 - Lehne S. Is There Hope for EU Foreign Policy? // Carnegie Europe. 5December 2017. URL: https://carnegieeurope.eu/2017/12/05/is-there-hope-for-eu-foreign-policy-pub-74909 ( : 10.09.2023).].

 ,   ,   ,         [23 - Von der Leyen U. Mission letter. Josep Borrell, High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy. 1December 2019 / European Commission. Brussels. URL: https://commissioners.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2022-ll/mission-letter-josep-borrell-2019_en.pdf ( : 10.07.2024).].   ,   ,        ,    9  2021.,      800   ,        ,    ,              .    ,         ,      [24 - Speech by President von der Leyen at the closing event of the Conference on the Future of Europe // European Commission. 9May 2022. URL: https://ec.europa.eu/ commission/presscorner/detail/en/speech_22_2944 ( : 10.07.2024).].      ,        ,            [25 - Conference on the Future of Europe. Putting Vision into concrete action// EUR-Lex. 17 June 2022.URL:https://eur-lex.europa.eu4egal-content/EN/TXT/HTMiy?uri=CELEX:52022DC0404 ( : 10.07.2024).].

  2022.                 [26 - Conference on the Future of Europe. Report on the Final Outcome. May 2022 / European Union. URL: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/resources/library/media/202205 09RES29121/20220509RES29121 pdf ( : 10.07.2024).],            [27 - European Parliament resolution of 4 May 2022 on the follow-up to the conclusions of the Conference on the Future of Europe // European Parliament. 4May 2022. URL: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TA-9-2022-0141_EN.html ( : 10.07.2024); European Parliament resolution on 9 June on the call for a Convention for the revision of the Treaties // European Parliament. 9June 2022. URL: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TA-9-2022-0244_EN.html ( : 10.07.2024).],       (. 48)      . , , ,           .             ,       [28 - Dooven W.D. Europe Day 2022 // Democratic Society. 2022.].

  ,    -,  [29 - Speech by Emmanuel Macron at the closing ceremony of the Conference on the Future of Europe // French Presidency of the Council of the European Union. 10 May 2022. URL: https://presidence-francaise.consilium.europa.eu/en/news/speech-by-emmanuel-macron-at-the-closing-ceremony-of-the-conference-on-the-future-of-europe/ ( : 10.07.2024).],      ,      -  . [30 - This is Europe Debate: opening address by Mario Draghi, Italian Prime Minister // European Parliament. 3May 2022. URL: https://multimedia.europarl.europa.eu/en/ video/v_I224260 ( : 09.07.2024).]    . [31 - Speech by Federal Chancellor Olaf Scholz at the Charles University in Prague on Monday. 29 August 2022 // The Die Bundesregierung informiert | Startseite. URL: https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-en/news/scholz-speech-prague-charles-university-2080752 ( : 10.07.2024).].      ;      2022.     ,     ,     [32 - European Council conclusions, 2324 June 2022. 24 June 2022 / European Council. Brussels. URL: https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2022/06/24/ european-council-conclusions-23-24-june-2022/ ( : 10.07.2024).].     ,                    ,    [33 - Proposals and related specific measures contained in the report on the final outcome of the Conference on the Future of Europe: Preliminary technical assessment. 10 June 2022 / Council of the European Union. Brussels. URL: https://data.consilium.europa.eu/ doc/document/ST-10033-2022-INIT/en/pdf ( : 10.07.2024).].   2023.        ,    , ,         .

 , 13 -   ,            [34 - Non-paper by Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Romania, Slovenia, and Sweden on the outcome of and follow-up to the Conference on the Future of Europe //Twitter. 9May 2022. URL: https://twitter.com/ sweden2023eu/status/l 523637827686531072 ( : 10.07.2024).].    -    ,   ,           [35 - Non-paper submitted by Germany, Belgium, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and Spain on implementing the proposals of the Plenary of the Conference on the Future of Europe // Twitter. 18 May 2022. URL: https://twitter.com/wouter_wolfs/ status/1526896783653277697 ( : 10.07.2024).].             .    (, ,   )        .             ,         [36 -  ..    :    // -   . 2022. 3. .713.].

    49      ,        : 1)     ; 2) ; 3)   ,     ; 4)   ; 5)   ,  , ; 6)  ; 7)  ; 8) ; 9) , ,   .      325               . ,    ,     .            ,              .    , ,              ,      ,      ,  ,    ,     ,      ,   ,    .

       -    ,      . ,       ,          .   ,       -,      .

                     .                 ,     ,            [37 - Puleo L. Summary of Party Positions on EU Foreign, Security and Defence Policy. Case Studies: France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Poland and Spain// JOINT Research Papers. 2022. 9.].             :     ,     .       .

                  [38 - Pagoulatos G., Blavoukos S., Emmanouilidis /. Taking Stock, Moving Forward: Reflections Following the Conference on the Future of Europe//Eliamep. 26 August 2022. URL: https:// www.eliamep.gr/en/publication/p?ia-Tr|-8i(xoK?\|/q-Yiu-To-|i?XXov-Tr|(;-8upd)/ ( : 10.07.2024).]:  ,    ,        ,               ,    . -                ,     ,       ,      -.

     ,         ,   -. ,    ,         [39 - Ibid. P. 5.].          , ,         .          .  ,       ,     ,   ,           .

   -, 6  27,    : , , ,      -  .      : 700    18 ,   1300 ,   14  .         ,    : ,         [40 -  ..    :    // -   . 2022. 3. .713.].

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       .  ,      ,          ,                 .

                      .  ,          :                ,             .         ,     ,          2005.:        10            .

 [42 -              2016.    -. .          ,         2024.] ,  -   -,     COVID-19   ,      ,        .




 2

   


          -         ,        .       2016.        ,     2022.         ,    ,         [43 - A Strategic Compass for Security and Defence  For a European Union that protects its citizens, values and interests and contributes to international peace and security. 21 March 2022 / Council of the European Union. Brussels. URL: https://data.consilium. europa.eu/doc/document/ST-7371-2022-INIT/en/pdf ( : 10.07.2024).] (  ,  )                  .

           21  2022.,             -     ,      .            ,                    (, ).    2022.      .      ,         .

        :    ;   ;       ;      .

           ,   .               . ,   , ,            -    .

       .           ()        2020.[44 - Council Conclusions on Security and Defence. 17 June 2020 / Council of the European Union. Brussels. URL: https://www.consilium.europa.eu/media/44521/st08910-en20.pdf ( : 10.07.2024).] ,       ,     ,      2016.[45 - Europe Daily Bulletin 12438 // Agence Europe. 4March 2020. URL: https:// agenceurope.eu/en/bulletin/detail/12438 ( : 10.07.2024).]

             .   2019.         2024.         .      ,       ,   ,         ,  .          [46 - A stronger Europe in the world // European Commission. 6May 2021. URL: https:// ec.europa.eu/info/strategy/priorities-2019-2024/stronger-europe-world_en ( : 10.07.2024).].   ,      ,  [47 - Von der Leyen U. Speech in the European Parliament Plenary Session. 27 November 2019 / European Commission. Strasbourg. URL: https://commission.europa.eu/system/ files/2019-ll/president-elect-speech-original_l.pdf ( : 10.07.2024).].

           , ,    ,  ,   ,  .      :         ;      ;         .        ,    ,      .          ,       -[48 - Calderon /. The European Union Strategic Compass. Madrid: Institute Espanol de Estudios Estrategicos, 2021.12 p.].    ,  -              .   ,     ,   ,            .           . :                 -[49 - McAllister D. European Security Union Strategy: A Wake-up Call // The Parliament Magazine: politics, policy and people. 8June 2021. URL: https://www. theparliamentmagazine.eu/news/article/a-wakeup-call ( : 09.07.2024).].          -     :        ,          .             .       .




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/pages/biblio_book/?art=70980553)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


Treaty of Lisbon // EUR-Lex. 17 December 2007. URL: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A12007L%2FTXT&qid=1720598734732 ( : 17.06.2024).




2


 EULEX (European Union Rule of Law Mission in Kosovo)      ;    2008.            .




3


Differentiated Cooperation in European Foreign Policy: The Challenge of Coherence / G. Grevi [et al.] // EU IDEA Policy Paper. 2020. 5. URL: https://www.epc.eu/content/ PDF/2020/EU_IDEA-_challenge_of_coherence.pdf ( : 17.06.2024).




4


Deen ., Zandee D., Stoetman A. Uncharted and uncomfortable in European defence // Cllingendael. 27 January 2022. URL: https://www.clingendael.org/publication/uncharted-and-uncomfortable-european-defence ( : 10.07.2024).




5


PESCO (Permanent Structured Cooperation)         ,    2017.         -.           PESCO      ,             .




6


Twort L. EU Strategic Autonomy and the ambition of PESCO // RUSI. 4July 2018. URL: https://www.rusi.org/explore-our-research/publications/commentary/eu-strategic-autonomy-and-ambition-pesco ( : 09.07.2024).




7


  (Petersberg Tasks)  ,    ,      1992.       1997.     .     :    ,  ,  ,    ,       .




8


Perissich R. Europes Strategic Compass: merits and shortcomings // Institute Affari Internazionali. 10 December 2021. URL: https://www.iai.it/en/pubblicazioni/europes-strategic-compass-merits-and-shortcomings ( : 09.07.2024).




9


A Strategic Compass for Security and Defence  For a European Union that protects its citizens, values and interests and contributes to international peace and security. 21 March 2022 / Council of the European Union. Brussels. URL: https://data.consilium. europa.eu/doc/document/ST-7371-2022-INIT/en/pdf ( : 09.07.2024).




10


Aydin-Diizgit S., Bond L, Scazzieri L. The Role of Differentiation in EU Foreign, Security and Defence Policy Cooperation with Neighbouring Countries // EU IDEA Policy Papers. 2021. 14.




11


Alcaro R., Siddi . Differentiation in EU Foreign and Security Policy: EU Lead Groups in the Iranian Nuclear Dispute and the Ukraine Crisis // EU IDEA Policy Paper. 2020. 11.




12


Differentiated Cooperation in European Foreign Policy: The Challenge of Coherence / G. Grevi [et al.] // EU IDEA Policy Paper. 2020. 5. URL: https://www.epc.eu/content/ PDF/2020/EU_IDEA-_challenge_of_coherence.pdf ( : 17.06.2024).




13


 .. - :    //     . 2022. . IV. 29.




14


   .     26  2017.       .         ,      .




15


Siddi ., Karjalainen ., Jokela /. Differentiated Cooperation in the EUs Foreign and Security Policy: Effectiveness, Accountability, Legitimacy//The International Spectator. 2022. 57(1). P.107123.




16


Sjursen . The Legitimacy of European Union Foreign Policy // Global Affairs. 2018. 4 (23). P.253264.




17


Tallberg Ziirn M. The Legitimacy and Legitimation of International Organizations: Introduction and Framework// The Review of International Organizations. 2019. 14 (4). P.581606.




18


Lavenex S., Krizic I. Conceptualising Differentiated Integration: Governance, Effectiveness and Legitimacy// EU IDEA Research Paper. 2019. 2.




19


Genschel Ph., Jachtenfuchs . More Integration, Less Federation: The European Integration of Core State Powers // Journal of European Public Policy. 2016. Vol. 23, 1.P. 4259.




20


Europe cannot wait for unity // ClingendaeL June 2022.




21


                 2024.   ,      (Identity and Democracy Group)      (European Conservatives and Reformists)   10%  ,        130   720.




22


Lehne S. Is There Hope for EU Foreign Policy? // Carnegie Europe. 5December 2017. URL: https://carnegieeurope.eu/2017/12/05/is-there-hope-for-eu-foreign-policy-pub-74909 ( : 10.09.2023).




23


Von der Leyen U. Mission letter. Josep Borrell, High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy. 1December 2019 / European Commission. Brussels. URL: https://commissioners.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2022-ll/mission-letter-josep-borrell-2019_en.pdf ( : 10.07.2024).




24


Speech by President von der Leyen at the closing event of the Conference on the Future of Europe // European Commission. 9May 2022. URL: https://ec.europa.eu/ commission/presscorner/detail/en/speech_22_2944 ( : 10.07.2024).




25


Conference on the Future of Europe. Putting Vision into concrete action// EUR-Lex. 17 June 2022.URL:https://eur-lex.europa.eu4egal-content/EN/TXT/HTMiy?uri=CELEX:52022DC0404 ( : 10.07.2024).




26


Conference on the Future of Europe. Report on the Final Outcome. May 2022 / European Union. URL: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/resources/library/media/202205 09RES29121/20220509RES29121 pdf ( : 10.07.2024).




27


European Parliament resolution of 4 May 2022 on the follow-up to the conclusions of the Conference on the Future of Europe // European Parliament. 4May 2022. URL: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TA-9-2022-0141_EN.html ( : 10.07.2024); European Parliament resolution on 9 June on the call for a Convention for the revision of the Treaties // European Parliament. 9June 2022. URL: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TA-9-2022-0244_EN.html ( : 10.07.2024).




28


Dooven W.D. Europe Day 2022 // Democratic Society. 2022.




29


Speech by Emmanuel Macron at the closing ceremony of the Conference on the Future of Europe // French Presidency of the Council of the European Union. 10 May 2022. URL: https://presidence-francaise.consilium.europa.eu/en/news/speech-by-emmanuel-macron-at-the-closing-ceremony-of-the-conference-on-the-future-of-europe/ ( : 10.07.2024).




30


This is Europe Debate: opening address by Mario Draghi, Italian Prime Minister // European Parliament. 3May 2022. URL: https://multimedia.europarl.europa.eu/en/ video/v_I224260 ( : 09.07.2024).




31


Speech by Federal Chancellor Olaf Scholz at the Charles University in Prague on Monday. 29 August 2022 // The Die Bundesregierung informiert | Startseite. URL: https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-en/news/scholz-speech-prague-charles-university-2080752 ( : 10.07.2024).




32


European Council conclusions, 2324 June 2022. 24 June 2022 / European Council. Brussels. URL: https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2022/06/24/ european-council-conclusions-23-24-june-2022/ ( : 10.07.2024).




33


Proposals and related specific measures contained in the report on the final outcome of the Conference on the Future of Europe: Preliminary technical assessment. 10 June 2022 / Council of the European Union. Brussels. URL: https://data.consilium.europa.eu/ doc/document/ST-10033-2022-INIT/en/pdf ( : 10.07.2024).




34


Non-paper by Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Romania, Slovenia, and Sweden on the outcome of and follow-up to the Conference on the Future of Europe //Twitter. 9May 2022. URL: https://twitter.com/ sweden2023eu/status/l 523637827686531072 ( : 10.07.2024).




35


Non-paper submitted by Germany, Belgium, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and Spain on implementing the proposals of the Plenary of the Conference on the Future of Europe // Twitter. 18 May 2022. URL: https://twitter.com/wouter_wolfs/ status/1526896783653277697 ( : 10.07.2024).




36


 ..    :    // -   . 2022. 3. .713.




37


Puleo L. Summary of Party Positions on EU Foreign, Security and Defence Policy. Case Studies: France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Poland and Spain// JOINT Research Papers. 2022. 9.




38


Pagoulatos G., Blavoukos S., Emmanouilidis /. Taking Stock, Moving Forward: Reflections Following the Conference on the Future of Europe//Eliamep. 26 August 2022. URL: https:// www.eliamep.gr/en/publication/p?ia-Tr|-8i(xoK?\|/q-Yiu-To-|i?XXov-Tr|(;-8upd)/ ( : 10.07.2024).




39


Ibid. P. 5.




40


 ..    :    // -   . 2022. 3. .713.




41


 .




42


             2016.    -. .          ,         2024.




43


A Strategic Compass for Security and Defence  For a European Union that protects its citizens, values and interests and contributes to international peace and security. 21 March 2022 / Council of the European Union. Brussels. URL: https://data.consilium. europa.eu/doc/document/ST-7371-2022-INIT/en/pdf ( : 10.07.2024).




44


Council Conclusions on Security and Defence. 17 June 2020 / Council of the European Union. Brussels. URL: https://www.consilium.europa.eu/media/44521/st08910-en20.pdf ( : 10.07.2024).




45


Europe Daily Bulletin 12438 // Agence Europe. 4March 2020. URL: https:// agenceurope.eu/en/bulletin/detail/12438 ( : 10.07.2024).




46


A stronger Europe in the world // European Commission. 6May 2021. URL: https:// ec.europa.eu/info/strategy/priorities-2019-2024/stronger-europe-world_en ( : 10.07.2024).




47


Von der Leyen U. Speech in the European Parliament Plenary Session. 27 November 2019 / European Commission. Strasbourg. URL: https://commission.europa.eu/system/ files/2019-ll/president-elect-speech-original_l.pdf ( : 10.07.2024).




48


Calderon /. The European Union Strategic Compass. Madrid: Institute Espanol de Estudios Estrategicos, 2021.12 p.




49


McAllister D. European Security Union Strategy: A Wake-up Call // The Parliament Magazine: politics, policy and people. 8June 2021. URL: https://www. theparliamentmagazine.eu/news/article/a-wakeup-call ( : 09.07.2024).


