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        ,              .              [1 - Ward S. Planning the Twentieth-century City. Chichester, Hoboken, New Jersey: J. Wiley & Sons, 2002; Ward S. Soviet Communism and the British Planning Movement: Rational Learning or Utopian Imagining? // Planning Perspectives. 2012. 27 (4). October. P. 499.],     .            [2 - Albera F. Albatros des Russes ? Paris (19191929). Paris / Milan: Cinmath?que Fran?aise, Edizioni Gabriele Mazzotta, 1995;  .               //    . 2004. . 2. . 236;  .   1920- :  . .: -, 2009; Pechenkin I. Italianit and Russian Architecture of XIX century // Texts. Art and Literature Scientific and Analytical Journal. 2015. 4. P. 6; Flierl T. Standardst?dte: Ernst May in der Sowjetunion 19301933. Texte und Dokumente. Suhrkamp Verlag AG, 2012; Patti F. Boris Iofan in Rome: Professional Training, Contacts, Design and Realized Buildings: Between 1914 and 1924 // Kostyuk M. Boris Iofan. Architect Behind the Palace of Soviets. Berlin: Dom Publishers, 2019. P. 93;  .,  .  .    . .: , 2023.]     ,           ,      [3 -  . .           //    . . 3. ., 1977. . 36;  .    : -   19201930-  //  -: 19452000. .:  , 2013;  .        .   . .: , 2017. . 39; Malich K. The Collective Approach Does Not Abolish the Individual: Links between Soviet Avant-garde Experiments and Architectural Practice in the Netherlands during the Early Twentieth Century // Entangled East and West. Cultural Diplomacy and Artistic Interaction during the Cold War. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Oldenbourg, 2018. P. 39.]                       .    ,   ,  ,   ,                ()        [4 - Margulies S. The Pilgrimage to Russia. The Soviet Union and the Treatment of Foreigners, 19261937. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1961; Hollander P. Political Pilgrims. Travels of Western Intellectuals to the Soviet Union, China, and Cuba, 19281978. New York: Oxford University Press, 1981; Stern L. Western Intellectuals and the Soviet Union, 19201940. From Red Square to the Left Bank. Abingdon, Oxon, New York: Routledge, 2006;  .      19301980-  / . , . , .  [ .]. .: , 2007; - .   .        , 19211941 . .:   , 2015;  .   . .:    , 2019.].        ,   ,    ,      [5 - Caute D. The Fellow Travellers. Intellectual Friends of Communism. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1988.],      ,      ,     [6 - Muggeridge M. Chronicles of Wasted Time. Vol. 1: The Green Stick. London: Collins, 1972. P. 205.].    ,      ( )[7 - Hollander P. Political Pilgrims. P. 28.].      ,     ,     ,        ,  ,        [8 - Ward S. Soviet Communism and the British Planning ovement: Rational Learning or Utopian Imagining? P. 499.].          .   ,          ,         [9 -  .     :    -  19001920- . URL: https://history.jes.su/s207987840001317-7-2.].     ,  ,          ,                   [10 - Gregory D. Geographical Imaginations. Oxford: Blackwell, 1994.].

  ,        XX ,     ,         ,          (,      ).            The Criterion           .  , , ,           ,  , , , [11 - Klimova S. A Gaul who has chosen impeccable Russian as his medium: Ivan Bunin and the British Myth of Russia in the Early 20


 Century // A People Passing Rude. British Responses to Russian Culture. Cambridge: Open Book Publishers, 2012. P. 219.]. ,    1915      ,        軠 ,     [12 - Klimova S. A Gaul who has chosen impeccable Russian as his medium: Ivan Bunin and the British Myth of Russia in the Early 20


 Century // A People Passing Rude. British Responses to Russian Culture. Cambridge: Open Book Publishers, 2012. P. 218.].     ,             ,     ,    .




  


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  ,         , ,      .       .   ,   ,   ,   ,      ,   頖  ,    [17 -   (Modern Movement) ,           .        :    , , ,     ,      19201930-  (          -). 젖        1930- .      (  )   .         ,       -  1932 .  1928       ,   1933           .],      ,       ,     .  ,    ,   ,    ,    ( ,  ,  ,  ,     ).               .       ,     :  -   1927  ( ),   ,     1932    ,  ,  ,   .        1930-              1939-         .

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         ,       ,        .    蠖    ,           ,        ( ,   ,  ).       .    1847   ,         .    1930-       ,     .  1938-    Focus   :    ,  , ,   .      .  ,  ,      .  ,                ,      [20 - Editorial. Focus. 1, summer 1938. London: Percy Lund Humphries & Co Ltd. P. 1.].         SCR. ,    -,     ,    ,              -  .

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    1932 :    ,    .    .        1931         1932        ,       ,    .       ,     [35 -    //  . 1932. 1.  . . 2.].    .           ,    1932 ,     ,      , ,  [36 - Yerbury F. Impressions of Russia // Architectural Association Journal. 1932. XLVIII. 549. P. 116.].  ,      ,         ,    ,        .        .






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notes








1


Ward S. Planning the Twentieth-century City. Chichester, Hoboken, New Jersey: J. Wiley & Sons, 2002; Ward S. Soviet Communism and the British Planning Movement: Rational Learning or Utopian Imagining? // Planning Perspectives. 2012. 27 (4). October. P. 499.




2


Albera F. Albatros des Russes ? Paris (19191929). Paris / Milan: Cinmath?que Fran?aise, Edizioni Gabriele Mazzotta, 1995;  .               //    . 2004. . 2. . 236;  .   1920- :  . .: -, 2009; Pechenkin I. Italianit and Russian Architecture of XIX century // Texts. Art and Literature Scientific and Analytical Journal. 2015. 4. P. 6; Flierl T. Standardst?dte: Ernst May in der Sowjetunion 19301933. Texte und Dokumente. Suhrkamp Verlag AG, 2012; Patti F. Boris Iofan in Rome: Professional Training, Contacts, Design and Realized Buildings: Between 1914 and 1924 // Kostyuk M. Boris Iofan. Architect Behind the Palace of Soviets. Berlin: Dom Publishers, 2019. P. 93;  .,  .  .    . .: , 2023.




3


 . .           //    . . 3. ., 1977. . 36;  .    : -   19201930-  //  -: 19452000. .:  , 2013;  .        .   . .: , 2017. . 39; Malich K. The Collective Approach Does Not Abolish the Individual: Links between Soviet Avant-garde Experiments and Architectural Practice in the Netherlands during the Early Twentieth Century // Entangled East and West. Cultural Diplomacy and Artistic Interaction during the Cold War. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Oldenbourg, 2018. P. 39.




4


Margulies S. The Pilgrimage to Russia. The Soviet Union and the Treatment of Foreigners, 19261937. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1961; Hollander P. Political Pilgrims. Travels of Western Intellectuals to the Soviet Union, China, and Cuba, 19281978. New York: Oxford University Press, 1981; Stern L. Western Intellectuals and the Soviet Union, 19201940. From Red Square to the Left Bank. Abingdon, Oxon, New York: Routledge, 2006;  .      19301980-  / . , . , .  [ .]. .: , 2007; - .   .        , 19211941 . .:   , 2015;  .   . .:    , 2019.




5


Caute D. The Fellow Travellers. Intellectual Friends of Communism. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1988.




6


Muggeridge M. Chronicles of Wasted Time. Vol. 1: The Green Stick. London: Collins, 1972. P. 205.




7


Hollander P. Political Pilgrims. P. 28.




8


Ward S. Soviet Communism and the British Planning ovement: Rational Learning or Utopian Imagining? P. 499.




9


 .     :    -  19001920- . URL: https://history.jes.su/s207987840001317-7-2.




10


Gregory D. Geographical Imaginations. Oxford: Blackwell, 1994.




11


Klimova S. A Gaul who has chosen impeccable Russian as his medium: Ivan Bunin and the British Myth of Russia in the Early 20


 Century // A People Passing Rude. British Responses to Russian Culture. Cambridge: Open Book Publishers, 2012. P. 219.




12


Klimova S. A Gaul who has chosen impeccable Russian as his medium: Ivan Bunin and the British Myth of Russia in the Early 20


 Century // A People Passing Rude. British Responses to Russian Culture. Cambridge: Open Book Publishers, 2012. P. 218.




13


- .   .        , 19211941 . C. 19.




14


 .            . 19251939: . . .  07.00.01. 1994. . 134.




15


 .       1930- :      //  .   19201940- .  130- . .:  , 2023. . 299.




16


 .       1930- :      //  .   19201940- .  130- . .:  , 2023. . 302.




17


  (Modern Movement) ,           .        :    , , ,     ,      19201930-  (          -). 젖        1930- .      (  )   .         ,       -  1932 .  1928       ,   1933           .




18


Cross A. Exhibiting Russia: The Two London Russian Exhibitions of 1917 and 1935 // Slavonica. 2010. XXI. P. 39.




19


 .   . .: , 2009. . 140.




20


Editorial. Focus. 1, summer 1938. London: Percy Lund Humphries & Co Ltd. P. 1.




21


 .   .    //  .   19201940- . . 165.




22


 .  .     . : DOM Publishers, 2019.




23


 .     CIAM        : 1932  //  .   19201940- . . 285.




24


 . . -4. . 1. . 2.




25


 .   . .; .: -, 1932. . 15.




26


 .  //  . 19281930 [ ]. .: , , 1931. . 9.




27


 .     //  . . 1617.




28


 .     //  . . 19.




29


Vesnin V. A. All-Union Meet Will Analyze Past Errors and Achievements // Moscow Daily News. 1937. June 16. P. 3.




30


 .       1930- :     . . 305.




31


. . 674. . 2. . 22.




32


 .  ,  :         //    . 2018. 2 (11). . 235.




33


 .    : -     1931  //     . 2016. 4. . 36.




34


A Short Illustrated Guide to Leningrad. Moscow: All-Union Company Hotel ltd, 1931; Great Cities of the USSR. Moscow: Intourist, 1931.




35


   //  . 1932. 1.  . . 2.




36


Yerbury F. Impressions of Russia // Architectural Association Journal. 1932. XLVIII. 549. P. 116.




37


 .  . .: -, 2017.




38


 .  . .: -, 2017. . 35.




39


 .  . .: -, 2017. . 80.




40


Yerbury F. Impressions of Russia. P. 124.


