     .    
  


         XIX    ,      .  ,  en garde  une-deux trois degagement,          .       . 2-, .





     

   



  



   



  ,2022

  , ,2022



ISBN978-5-4474-1831-1

     Ridero




  -  


 !

        XIX    .

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200years after throwing off the yoke ofthe Mongols, Peter Ibecame Tsar. Fascinated byWestern civilization, on the shores ofthe Baltic he built St. Petersburg awindow onto the world for Russia which until then, had been closed off and living inisolation. It was her most European city, not only because ofits splendid architecture but also the many Europeans who tied their destiny toit. One ofthese was my mothers great grandfather, Johann Joach von Sieverbr?ck, or Ivan Efimovitch Siverbrik.

Barely ahalf-century after Peter I, Catherine II called The Great came tosit on the throne ofthe tsars. She was aFrench-speaking German princess from the distant, nowadays Polish city ofSzczecin. She maintained acorrespondence with European philosophers, poets and politicians and endeavoured tobreathe into Russia the air ofmodernity and humanism. Atrue European ofher day, she ruled Russia, loved her, and became aRussian.

Jochann Joach von Sieverbr?ck was born inRewal (todays Tallin) during her reign. ABaltic German (Deutchbalte) at birth, he was the offspring ofaromance between the Estonian governors daughter, aGerman princess and cousin ofthe tsarina, Catherine von Holstein-Beck, and Feodor Orlov. Catherine the Great ennobled him, bestowing upon him his hitherto non-existent surname. He was an alumnus ofSt. Petersburgs First Cadet Corps and apupil ofthe foreign fencing master Fisher. He dedicated his life tothe instruction offencing inRussia. He became aRussian. Fate scattered his descendents all over Europe.

The famous English author Norman Davis stated that the feeling ofnationality is not tobe found inthe blood or the soil or even the language. It exists inthe mind. It is the way ofperceiving oneself. This was understood byboth Catherine the Great and Ivan Efimovitch Siverbrik. The renowned Polish poet Julian Tuwim, who today would be regarded as aJew, once said: Iam aPole because thats what pleases me. Inthe XVI century another great man, Father Stanislaw Orzechowski wrote, Ego natum Polonus, gente Ruthensis sum. Iam aPole who was born aRuthenian.

Ihope that today, as inthe times ofPeter Iand Catherine II, we can choose our identity without being limited byold stereotypes, and that aFrench-speaking German can feel she is aRussian. Ihope that inthe future we will grow even closer and that the inhabitants ofour continent will state, like Stanislaw Orzechowski: Iam aEuropean who was born aRussian, aGerman, aPole, aJew

My dream is that my ancestor will be acknowledged not just as the propagator ofthe European school offencing inRussia, but also as one ofthe first truly modern and European Russians.



Jerzy Boguslawski, Poland 2015.




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notes








1


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2


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3


 ?  i, i        ?,     ,  ,  i,   i?      ?   ,   ?,   i    i.  ,  -i,     .




4


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5


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6


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7


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8


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9


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10


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11


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12


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13


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14


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