Speak!     . 7000   
  


           7000   .         ,     .     .          ,         .     .





Speak!     

7000   

 





David Christian Editor

 ,2022

ISBN978-5-0056-2682-0

Created with Ridero smart publishing system








Introduction




          7000 .       ,  .     .        ,        .     YouTube . .

     (A1)  (B2)   (Basic Intermediate).       , , TOEFL IELTS.

 :382.

 :  4000.

 ,   :  3000.

     .        (David Christian), .       pixabay.com  Pixabay.

    : . Speak!    (https://ridero.ru/link/bx272nxQx72zhT_2bYW-j)








Audio Recordings of Dialogues

 


  @ArtsunAkopyan  YouTube:

.     (https://ridero.ru/link/EGoFlNaihErb8N)

  . : .   (https://ridero.ru/link/79nfh8oN5xTuPH)




Greetings and Farewells

 





1.Hey there!

() Informal style.  .


!

Hey there!

!

Hi!

?

How areyou?

 .?

Im fine.You?

.

Notbad.

 .

Glad tohear that!

!

Seeyou!

!

Bye!









* **


New Words ( )

greeting 

and

farewell 

informal 

style 

hey , , 

there

hi , 

how

are (, , ) ,  (be ) 

you  ()    

Im = Iam 

am ()  (be) 

fine ; 

not

bad 

glad

to ()   

hear 

that , ,

see 



* **


Phrases ()

greetings and farewells  

informal style  

Im fine  

not bad 

glad tohear  (-) 

see you  (/)



* **


 :

1.Hey there!

2.Hi!

3. How areyou?

4. Im fine.You?

5. Notbad.

6. Glad tohear that!

7. Seeyou!

8.Bye!



* **


  :

1.!

2. !

3. ?

4.  .?

5. .

6.  .

7. !

8. !




2.Hello!

() Formal style.  .


!   !

Hello! Its good toseeyou!

.   ?

Likewise. How are you doing?

 . ?

Iam doing great. How areyou?

  .   ?

Im good, too. Hows your family?

.   ?

Not bad. Hows your spouse?

Ӡ  .

Shes doing great.

    .

Give her my best wishes.

!  !

Thank you! See you soon!









* **


New Words

formal , 

hello 

its = it is 

it ; ; ; ;  ()  

is (, , ) ,  (be ) 

good 

likewise , 

do 

doing 

am () ,  (be ) 

great , 

too

hows = how is 

your

family 

spouse (-)

shes = she is 

give 

her , , , ()  (she) 

my , ,

best  (good ) 

wish ; 

thank 

soon 



* **


Phrases

Its good to = It is good to  () 

Hows your = How is your 

Iam / she is doing great  /  

Give her  ()

best wishes  

thank you  () 



* **


 :

1.Hello! Its good toseeyou!

2. Likewise. How are you doing?

3. Iam doing great. How areyou?

4. Im good, too. Hows your family?

5. Not bad. Hows your spouse?

6. Shes doing great.

7. Give her my best wishes.

8. Thank you! See you soon!



* **


  :

1.!   !

2. .   ?

3.  . ?

4.   .   ?

5. .   ?

6. Ӡ  .

7.     .

8. !  !




3.Good morning!


 !

Good morning!

.

Morning.

 ?

Did you get enough sleep?

.

Not really.

   ?

Why did you get up so early?

    .

Ihave alot ofwork todo.

 !

Good luck toyou!

!

Thankyou!









* **


New Words

morning

did ,  (do ) 

get 

enough 

sleep ; 

really 

why 

up 

so

early

have 

a  ()  , 

lot ,  

of () ,  

work ; 

luck 



* **


Phrases

good morning 

not really 

get up 

Ihave Ӡ 

alot of  () -.

alot ofwork todo   

Good luck to  () -.



* **


 :

1.Good morning!

2. Morning.

3. Did you get enough sleep?

4. Not really.

5. Why did you get up so early?

6. Ihave alot ofwork todo.

7. Good luck toyou!

8. Thankyou!



* **


  :

1. !

2. .

3.  ?

4. .

5.    ?

6.     .

7.  !

8. !




4.Good afternoon!


 !

Good afternoon!

!

Afternoon!

 ?

Where are you going?

 . Ӡ  .

Tothe cafe. Ihave ameal break.

  ?

May Ijoinyou?

!   ?

Ofcourse! What will you have?

  . ?

Asandwich and acup ofcoffee.You?

  .

Acake and aglass ofjuice.









* **


New Words

afternoon   

where ,

going 

the ,  ()  , 

cafe

meal

break ; 

may

join  (-)

course

ofcourse 

what , 

will  (); ,   

sandwich 

cup 

coffee

cake , , 

glass ; 

juice



* **


Phrases

good afternoon 

tothe cafe 

ameal break  

join you  

ofcourse 

acup ofcoffee 

aglass ofjuice 



* **


 :

1.Good afternoon!

2. Afternoon!

3. Where are you going?

4. Tothe cafe. Ihave ameal break.

5. May Ijoinyou?

6. Ofcourse! What will you have?

7. Asandwich and acup ofcoffee.You?

8. Acake and aglass ofjuice.



* **


  :

1. !

2. !

3.  ?

4.  . Ӡ  .

5.   ?

6. !   ?

7.   . ?

8.   .




5.Good evening!


 !

Good evening!

!

Evening!

  ?

How was yourday?

.

All right.

 ?

Any news?

 .  ?

Nothing much. Are you tired?

, .  .

Yes, Im tired. Iwant tosleep.

 .  !

Go tobed. Good night!









* **


New Words

evening 

was  (be ) 

day

all

right ; 

any , -

news 

nothing  

much , 

tire  (-)

tired 

yes

want 

go , 

bed , 

night



* **


Phrases

good evening  

How was 

all right  

nothing much  

Im tired  

Iwant to  

go tobed  

good night 



* **


 :

1.Good evening!

2. Evening!

3. How was yourday?

4. All right.

5. Any news?

6. Nothing much. Are you tired?

7. Yes, Im tired. Iwant tosleep.

8. Go tobed. Good night!



* **


  :

1. !

2. !

3.   ?

4. .

5.  ?

6.  .  ?

7. , .  .

8.  .  !




6.How do Igreet astranger?


  ?

How do Igreet astranger?

 :  , !

Say tohim, Good morning, sir!

   , ?

What if its awoman, not aman?

  :  , !

Then say toher, Good morning, madam!

     ?

What if we met after noon?

   .

Use the phrase Good afternoon.

    ?

When can Isay Good evening?

,  .

Perhaps after fivep.m.









* **


New Words

greet 

stranger ; 

say , 

him , , , ()  (he) 

sir , , 

if

woman 

man , 

then ; 

madam , 

we

met 

meet 

after 

noon 

use 

phrase 

when 

can , ;  

perhaps 

five

p.m. ()  /  (post meridiem,  , ); .

a.m. ()  (ante meridiem, , ) .



* **


Phrases

How do I 

greet astranger  

say tohim / her   /

What if  

not aman 

after noon  

Use the phrase  (-) 

When can I   

after fivep.m.  



* **


 :

1.How do Igreet astranger?

2. Say tohim, Good morning, sir!

3. What if its awoman, not aman?

4. Then say toher, Good morning, madam!

5. What if we met after noon?

6. Use the phrase Good afternoon.

7. When can Isay Good evening?

8. Perhaps after fivep.m.



* **


  :

1.  ?

2.  :  , !

3.    , ?

4.   :  , !

5.      ?

6.    .

7.     ?

8. ,  .




Acquaintance







7.Whats your name?

() Informal style.  .


  ?

Whats your name?

. ?

Anna. Whats yours?

.  ?

Mark. Where are you from?

. ?

Russia. How aboutyou?

  .

Im from the United States.

  ?

What city are you from?

-. ?

New York.You?

.

Moscow.









* **


New Words

whats = what is ,  () 

name

Anna

yours

Mark

mark ; ; 

from

Russia 

about ; 

unite  (-)

United 

state , ; 

States 

city 

new 

York

Moscow 



* **


Phrases

your name 

How about  

the United States  

What city  

Im from ߠ



* **


 :

1.Whats your name?

2. Anna. Whats yours?

3. Mark. Where are you from?

4. Russia. How aboutyou?

5. Im from the United States.

6. What city are you from?

7. New York.You?

8. Moscow.



* **


  :

1.  ?

2. . ?

3. .  ?

4. . ?

5.   .

6.   ?

7. -. ?

8. .




8.What is your first name?

() Formal style.  .


 ?

What is your first name?

.

Mark.

  ?

What is your last name?

.

Black.

  ?

Where do you come from?

 .

Icome from theUSA.

  ?

Where do you residenow?

 .

InMoscow.









* **


New Words

first 

last 

Black  () 

black 

come , 

USA (United States ofAmerica)   

reside 

now , 



* **


Phrases

first name

last name 

come from 

from the USA 



* **


 :

1.What is your first name?

2. Mark.

3. What is your last name?

4. Black.

5. Where do you come from?

6. Icome from theUSA.

7. Where do you residenow?

8. InMoscow.



* **


  :

1. ?

2. .

3.   ?

4. .

5.   ?

6.  .

7.   ?

8.  .




9.Where were you born?

() Informal style.  .


  ?

Where were you born?

 .

InMoscow.

  ?

When were you born?

  2000. ?

InApril 2000. How aboutyou?

  1995.

Iwas born in1995inLondon.

,  ?

So youre English, arentyou?

.   ?

Yes. Whats your nationality?

.

Russian.









* **


New Words

were  (be ) 

born  (bear , ) 

April 

2000(two thousand)  

1995(nineteen ninety-five) ()    

London 

youre = you are  ()

English 

arent = are not , 

nationality 

Russian 



* **


Phrases

Where were you  

When were you  

inApril 

Iwas born in    ()   

inLondon 

youre English  

your nationality  



* **


 :

1.Where were you born?

2. InMoscow.

3. When were you born?

4. InApril 2000. How aboutyou?

5. Iwas born in1995inLondon.

6. So youre English, arentyou?

7. Yes. Whats your nationality?

8. Russian.



* **


  :

1.  ?

2.  .

3.   ?

4.   2000. ?

5.   1995.

6. ,  ?

7. .   ?

8. .




10.What is your citizenship?

() Formal style.  .


  ?

What is your citizenship?

.

Russia.

  , .

Your place ofbirth, please.

-.

St. Petersburg.

 ?

What is your date ofbirth?

1 1986.

The first ofJanuary, 1986.

   ?

What is your home address?

 ,74.

Nevsky Avenue,74.









* **


New Words

citizenship 

place 

birth 

please 

St. =Saint St. =

Petersburg 

St. Petersburg = Saint Petersburg -

date

1986(nineteen eighty-six) ()    

January 

home

address 

Nevsky 

avenue 

74(seventy-four)  



* **


Phrases

place/date ofbirth  /  

the first ofJanuary  

home address  

Nevsky Avenue  



* **


 :

1.What is your citizenship?

2. Russia.

3. Your place ofbirth, please.

4. St. Petersburg.

5. What is your date ofbirth?

6. The first ofJanuary, 1986.

7. What is your home address?

8. Nevsky Avenue,74.



* **


  :

1.  ?

2. .

3.   , .

4. -.

5.  ?

6. 1 1986.

7.    ?

8.  ,74.




11.Where do you live?


  ?

Where do you live?

  . ?

Inasmall town. How aboutyou?

 .

Inavillage.

Ӡ ?

Do you have ahouse?

. ?

Yes, Ido. What aboutyou?

.   .

No, Idont. Ilive inan apartment.

 ?

Do you live alone?

.  .

No, there are four ofus.









* **


New Words

live

small , 

town , 

village , , 

house

no

dont = do not ()   

an  ()    , 

apartment 

alone ; 

four 

us , ,  (we) 



* **


Phrases

inasmall town  

inavillage 

have ahouse 

No, Idont ,  ()  -

live inan apartment  

live alone  

there are  

four ofus 



* **


 :

1.Where do you live?

2. Inasmall town. How aboutyou?

3. Inavillage.

4. Do you have ahouse?

5. Yes, Ido. What aboutyou?

6. No, Idont. Ilive inan apartment.

7. Do you live alone?

8. No, there are four ofus.



* **


  :

1.  ?

2.   . ?

3.  .

4. Ӡ ?

5. . ?

6. .   .

7.  ?

8. .  .




12.How old areyou?


 ?

How old areyou?

.  !

Eighteen. Im an adult already!

  !

Im older thanyou!

?

How many years older?

!

Eight!

,   ?

So, are you twenty-six?

,    .

Yes, Iwill be twenty-seven soon.

 !   .

That cant be! You look younger.









* **


New Words

old 

eighteen 

adult 

already

older 

than , 

many 

year

eight 

twenty-six  

twenty-seven 

cant = cannot 

look ; 

young 

younger 



* **


Phrases

How old  ()   

older than 

Iwill be  

cant be 

look younger  



* **


 :

1.How old areyou?

2. Eighteen. Im an adult already!

3. Im older thanyou!

4. How many years older?

5. Eight!

6. So, are you twenty-six?

7. Yes, Iwill be twenty-seven soon.

8. That cant be! You look younger.



* **


  :

1. ?

2. .  !

3.   !

4. ?

5. !

6. ,   ?

7. ,    .

8.  !   .




13.Have you finished school?


  ?

Have you finished school?

,  .

Yes, Ifinished it last year.

?

Do you work?

,  .

No, Ientered college.

  ?

What is your specialty?

.

Construction.

  ?

Do you like studying?

Π, .

Oh yes, very much.









* **


New Words

finish ; , 

school 

enter 

college 

specialty 

construction 

like 

study ; , 

studying ,  ()  

oh

very 



* **


Phrases

finish school  

finished school  

last year 

enter college  

entered college  

your specialty  

like studying  

very much , 



* **


 :

1.Have you finished school?

2. Yes, Ifinished it last year.

3. Do you work?

4. No, Ientered college.

5. What is your specialty?

6. Construction.

7. Do you like studying?

8. Oh yes, very much.



* **


  :

1.  ?

2. ,  .

3. ?

4. ,  .

5.   ?

6. .

7.   ?

8. Π, .




14.Whats your level ofeducation?


  ?

Whats your level ofeducation?

  .

Igraduated from university.

  ?

What is your profession?

 .

Im adesigner.

    ?

Why did you choose this profession?

  ,     .

Ichose it because Ilike todraw.

   ?

How long have you been drawing?

Ѡ ,   .

Since Iwas akid.









* **


New Words

level 

education 

graduate ; 

university 

profession 

designer 

choose 

this

chose  (choose) 

because 

draw 

long 

been  (be ) 

since  ; 

kid , ; , 



* **


Phrases

level ofeducation  

graduate from university  

graduated from university  

your profession  

choose this profession   

How long have you been  

Since Iwas Ѡ   



* **


 :

1.Whats your level ofeducation?

2. Igraduated from university.

3. What is your profession?

4. Im adesigner.

5. Why did you choose this profession?

6. Ichose it because Ilike todraw.

7. How long have you been drawing?

8. Since Iwas akid.



* **


  :

1.  ?

2.   .

3.   ?

4.  .

5.     ?

6.   ,     .

7.    ?

8. Ѡ ,   .




15.What do you do for aliving?


 ?

What do you do for aliving?

 . ?

Im an engineer. How aboutyou?

 .  ?

Im adoctor. Where do you work?

  . ?

For aconstruction company.You?

 .

At ahospital.

 ?

Do you like thejob?

, . ?

Yes, very much.You?

,    .

No, Iwant tochange my profession.









* **


New Words

for

living 

engineer 

doctor 

company 

at

hospital 

job 



* **


Phrases

What do you do   

do for aliving  

for aconstruction company   

like the job  

at ahospital 

change my profession   () 



* **


 :

1.What do you do for aliving?

2. Im an engineer. How aboutyou?

3. Im adoctor. Where do you work?

4. For aconstruction company.You?

5. At ahospital.

6. Do you like thejob?

7. Yes, very much.You?

8. No, Iwant tochange my profession.



* **


  :

1. ?

2.  . ?

3.  .  ?

4.   . ?

5.  .

6.  ?

7. , . ?

8. ,    .




16.Do you speak Russian?


  -?

Do you speak Russian?

!    .

Ofcourse! Its my native language.

-   ?

Do you know any foreign languages?

. ,  .

Yes, Ido. English, Spanish, and French.

  ?

What about German?

,   -.

No, Idont speak German.

    ?

What other language would you like tolearn?

.      !

Chinese. Ireally enjoy learning languages!









* **


New Words

speak , 

native ;  

language

know 

foreign 

Spanish 

French 

German 

other , 

would () ,  

learn  (-)

Chinese 

enjoy 

learning 



* **


Phrases

Do you speak  

speak Russian  -

my native language  

Do you know any   -

foreign languages  

Idont speak  

other language 

enjoy learning   



* **


 :

1.Do you speak Russian?

2. Ofcourse! Its my native language.

3. Do you know any foreign languages?

4. Yes, Ido. English, Spanish, and French.

5. What about German?

6. No, Idont speak German.

7. What other language would you like tolearn?

8. Chinese. Ireally enjoy learning languages!



* **


  :

1.  -?

2. !    .

3. -   ?

4. . ,  .

5.   ?

6. ,   -.

7.     ?

8. .      !




Family







17.Do you have afamily?


Ӡ  ?

Do you have afamily?

,   .

Yes, Ihave alarge family.

  ?

Do you live with your parents?

,  .

No, they have their own home.

  ?

What does your fatherdo?

 .

Hes amusician.

?

And your mother?

  .     !

Shes ateacher ofEnglish. Iwant totake up teaching,too!









* **


New Words

large 

with

parent 

theyo

their  (they) 

own 

does 

father

hes = he is  () 

musician 

mother

teach , 

teacher 

take 

teaching 



* **


Phrases

have afamily  

have alarge family   

live with 

their own home  

your father 

your mother 

ateacher ofEnglish   

take up teaching  



* **


 :

1.Do you have afamily?

2. Yes, Ihave alarge family.

3. Do you live with your parents?

4. No, they have their own home.

5. What does your fatherdo?

6. Hes amusician.

7. And your mother?

8. Shes ateacher ofEnglish. Iwant totake up teaching,too!



* **


  :

1.Ӡ  ?

2. ,   .

3.   ?

4. ,  .

5.   ?

6.  .

7. ?

8.   .     !




18.Are you married?


 ?

Are you married?

 . ?

Im single. How aboutyou?

 .     .

Im married. Igot married five yearsago.

 ?

Do you have any children?

,  .

Yes, two children.

  ?

Boys or girls?

   .

One boy and one girl.

,  !  !

Awife, ason and adaughter! Thats anice family!









* **


New Words

marry ,  

married , 

single , 

got  (get , ) 

ago 

child 

children

two

boy 

or

girl , 

one

wife

wives

son

daughter

thats = that is 

nice , 



* **


Phrases

Im single   /  ( / )

Im married   / 

Igot married   /  

five years ago   

any children  () - 

two children  

boys or girls   

one boy  

one girl  

anice family  



* **


 :

1.Are you married?

2. Im single. How aboutyou?

3. Im married. Igot married five yearsago.

4. Do you have any children?

5. Yes, two children.

6. Boys or girls?

7. One boy and one girl.

8. Awife, ason and adaughter! Thats anice family!



* **


  :

1. ?

2.  . ?

3.  .     .

4.  ?

5. ,  .

6.   ?

7.    .

8. ,  !  !




19.What is your husbands name?


   ?

What is your husbands name?

.  ?

Mark. And your wifes name?

.   ?

Anna. What does Markdo?

 .  ?

Hes alawyer. What about Anna?

,  .

An economist, but she is not working rightnow.

?

Whynot?

Ӡ   .

We have recently had ababy.

!

Congratulations!









* **


New Words

husband

lawyer 

economist 

but

she

recent 

recently 

had  (have ) 

baby , 

congratulation 



* **


Phrases

your husbands name  

your wifes name  

is not working 

right now  

why not 

We have recently had   



* **


 :

1.What is your husbands name?

2. Mark. And your wifes name?

3. Anna. What does Markdo?

4. Hes alawyer. What about Anna?

5. An economist, but she is not working rightnow.

6. Whynot?

7. We have recently had ababy.

8. Congratulations!



* **


  :

1.   ?

2. .  ?

3. .   ?

4.  .  ?

5. ,  .

6. ?

7. Ӡ   .

8. !




20.Who looks after your infant?


   ?

Who looks after your infant?

  .

My wife and Ido.

 ?

Do you have ananny?

,   .

No, we manage ourselves.

    ?

How often do you feed the baby?

  .

Several times aday.

?

Do you get enough sleep?

 , .    !

Totell the truth, no. We have toget up often at night!









* **


New Words

who

infant 

nanny

manage ; 

ourselves ()

often 

feed 

several 

time 

tell 

truth 



* **


Phrases

Who looks after  

my wife and I   

manage ourselves 

How often do you  

feed the baby  

several times aday   

get enough sleep  ( )   

Totell the truth  

toget up at night  

toget up often at night   



* **


 :

1.Who looks after your infant?

2. My wife and Ido.

3. Do you have ananny?

4. No, we manage ourselves.

5. How often do you feed the baby?

6. Several times aday.

7. Do you get enough sleep?

8. Totell the truth, no. We have toget up often at night!



* **


  :

1.   ?

2.   .

3.  ?

4. ,   .

5.     ?

6.   .

7. ?

8.  , .    !




21.Do you have any brothers or sisters?


Ӡ   ?

Do you have any brothers or sisters?

Ӡ   . ?

Ihave an older brother. What aboutyou?

Ӡ   .

Ihave ayounger sister.

 ?

How old isshe?

.

Nineteen.

 ?

Is she married?

.   ?

No, she isnt. Is your brother married?

 .  .       !

He used tobe married. Now he is divorced. Many marriages end indivorce nowadays!









* **


New Words

brother

sister 

nineteen 

isnt = is not (), ()

he

divorce ; 

marriage ; ; 

end ; ; 

nowadays  



* **


Phrases

brothers or sisters   

an older brother 

ayounger sister  

is married 

isnt married 

He used tobe 

is divorced 

end indivorce  



* **


 :

1.Do you have any brothers or sisters?

2. Ihave an older brother. What aboutyou?

3. Ihave ayounger sister.

4. How old isshe?

5. Nineteen.

6. Is she married?

7. No, she isnt. Is your brother married?

8. He used tobe married. Now he is divorced. Many marriages end indivorce nowadays!



* **


  :

1.Ӡ   ?

2. Ӡ   . ?

3. Ӡ   .

4.  ?

5. .

6.  ?

7. .   ?

8.  .  .       !




22.Are your grandparents alive?


   ?

Are your grandparents alive?

, .   .    .

Yes, but not all ofthem. One grandfather died. He is buried inhis village.

,     ?

So you have two grandmothers and one grandfather?

,  .

Yes, and one great-grandmother.

 !  ?

Wow! How old isshe?

  .  .

One hundred and two years. She is awidow.

  ?

Whos taking care ofher?

. Ӡ  !

No one. Shes ingood health!









* **


New Words

grandparent , 

alive ; 

them  (they) 

grandfather 

die 

bury 

buried 

his  (he) 

grandmother 

great-grandmother 

wow   , 

hundred 

widow 

whos = who is  ()

care , ; 

health 



* **


Phrases

all ofthem 

not all ofthem 

is buried in 

one hundred and two 

take care of 

taking care of 

no one 

be ingood health   



* **


 :

1.Are your grandparents alive?

2. Yes, but not all ofthem. One grandfather died. He is buried inhis village.

3. So you have two grandmothers and one grandfather?

4. Yes, and one great-grandmother.

5. Wow! How old isshe?

6. One hundred and two years. She is awidow.

7. Whos taking care ofher?

8. No one. Shes ingood health!



* **


  :

1.   ?

2. , .   .    .

3. ,     ?

4. ,  .

5.  !  ?

6.   .  .

7.   ?

8. . Ӡ  !




23.Do you have an aunt or an uncle?


Ӡ    ?

Do you have an aunt or an uncle?

Ӡ    .

Ihave one aunt and one uncle.

  ?

Where do they live?

  .

Inthis town.

  ?

Do you see each other often?

    .

Once or twice ayear.

  ?

Why is it so rare?

     !

Because we have no free time!









* **


New Words

aunt

uncle

each 

once , 

twice 

rare 

free ; 



* **


Phrases

an aunt or an uncle  

one aunt and one uncle   

each other  

see each other   

once or twice    , 

once ayear  

twice ayear  

have free time   

have no free time   



* **


 :

1.Do you have an aunt or an uncle?

2. Ihave one aunt and one uncle.

3. Where do they live?

4. Inthis town.

5. Do you see each other often?

6. Once or twice ayear.

7. Why is it so rare?

8. Because we have no free time!



* **


  :

1.Ӡ    ?

2. Ӡ    .

3.   ?

4.   .

5.   ?

6.     .

7.   ?

8.      !




24.How many nephews do you have?


  ?

How many nephews do you have?

 . ?

Not asingle one.You?

.    .

Two. Theyre my brothers kids.

 ?

Do you have any nieces?

 .    .

Only one. Shes my sisters daughter.

,   .

Well, Ihave three nieces.

  ?

Whose children are they?

  .

My only sisters.









* **


New Words

nephew 

theyre = they are  ()

niece 

only 

well 

three

whose , , ,



* **


Phrases

not asingle one  

my brothers kids   

only one 

my sisters daughter   

three nieces  

Whose children  

my only sister   

my only sisters   



* **


 :

1.How many nephews do you have?

2. Not asingle one.You?

3. Two. Theyre my brothers kids.

4. Do you have any nieces?

5. Only one. Shes my sisters daughter.

6. Well, Ihave three nieces.

7. Whose children are they?

8. My only sisters.



* **


  :

1.  ?

2.  . ?

3. .    .

4.  ?

5.  .    .

6. ,   .

7.   ?

8.   .




25.Do you have any cousins?


Ӡ    ?

Do you have any cousins?

.    .

Yes, Ido. Two girls and two boys.

   ?

Do they live inthis city?

, .

No, inthe country.

    ?

Are they older or younger thanyou?

  .  .

One girl is older. The rest are younger.

   ?

Are you on good terms with them?

.    !

Yes, Ive known them since Iwas akid!









* **


New Words

cousin  ,  

country ; 

rest ; ; , 

on

terms ; ; 

Ive = Ihave  , 

known  (know ) 



* **


Phrases

two girls and two boys    

inthis city  

inthe country ; 

younger than 

older or younger than   

the rest ; 

on good terms with  

Ive known them since    ( )



* **


 :

1.Do you have any cousins?

2. Yes, Ido. Two girls and two boys.

3. Do they live inthis city?

4. No, inthe country.

5. Are they older or younger thanyou?

6. One girl is older. The rest are younger.

7. Are you on good terms with them?

8. Yes, Ive known them since Iwas akid!



* **


  :

1.Ӡ    ?

2. .    .

3.    ?

4. , .

5.     ?

6.   .  .

7.    ?

8. .    !




26.Do you love your relatives?


   ?

Do you love your relatives?

, .

Yes, but not all ofthem.

    ?

Who do you love most?

 .

Mom anddad.

- ?

Do you hate anyone?

,   .

No, Ihave no enemies.

 ?

Do you loveme?

, !

Yes, auntie!









* **


New Words

love ; 

relative 

most 

mom

dad

hate 

anyone -; ; 

enemy

enemies 

me , ,  (I) 

auntie 



* **


Phrases

love your relatives   () 

mom and dad  

Do you hate  

have no enemies  

love me 



* **


 :

1.Do you love your relatives?

2. Yes, but not all ofthem.

3. Who do you love most?

4. Mom anddad.

5. Do you hate anyone?

6. No, Ihave no enemies.

7. Do you loveme?

8. Yes, auntie!



* **


  :

1.   ?

2. , .

3.     ?

4.  .

5. - ?

6. ,   .

7.  ?

8. , !




27.Does your neighbor have afamily?


Ӡ   ?

Does your neighbor have afamily?

,  .

No, hes an orphan.

 -  ?

Has he ever been married?

  ,.

As far as Iknow,no.

.  !

Thats weird. Hes cute!

,   !

Yes, and hes got agoodjob!

   ?

Can you introduce me tohim?

, !

Yes, Ican!









* **


New Words

neighbor 

orphan 

has  (have ) 

ever -

as ; ; 

far 

weird , 

cute , , 

introduce , 



* **


Phrases

Has he ever been   -

As far as Iknow   

thats weird = that is weird  

hes got = he has got 

introduce me to  



* **


 :

1.Does your neighbor have afamily?

2. No, hes an orphan.

3. Has he ever been married?

4. As far as Iknow,no.

5. Thats weird. Hes cute!

6. Yes, and hes got agoodjob!

7. Can you introduce me tohim?

8. Yes, Ican!



* **


  :

1.Ӡ   ?

2. ,  .

3.  -  ?

4.   ,.

5. .  !

6. ,   !

7.    ?

8. , !




28.Did your best friend have ahappy childhood?


Ӡ     ?

Did your best friend have ahappychildhood?

.     .

No, her real mother abandoned her as an infant.

   ?

Why did she doso?

 .      .

Nobody knows. Multiple attempts tocontact the mother were not successful.

   ?

Who brought up your friend?

   . ʠ,     .

She grew up inan orphan home. Luckily, amarried couple adopted her as ateenager.

     ?

How old was she at that time?

.      .    ,      -!

Thirteen. She had toestablish new family bonds. Just imagine for amoment how hard it was for ateenage girl!









* **


New Words

friend

happy 

childhood 

real 

abandon , 

nobody 

multiple 

attempt ; 

contact ; 

successful 

brought  (bring ) 

grew  (grow ) 

luckily 

couple

adopt ; 

teenager 

thirteen 

establish ; 

bond 

just 

imagine 

moment , 

hard ; 

teenage 



* **


Phrases

best friend 

ahappy childhood  

as an infant  

nobody knows  

attempts tocontact  

bring up 

brought up 

grow up 

grew up 

amarried couple 

as ateenager  

family bonds 

Just imagine  

for amoment 



* **


 :

1.Did your best friend have ahappy childhood?

2. No, her real mother abandoned her as an infant.

3. Why did she doso?

4. Nobody knows. Multiple attempts tocontact the mother were not successful.

5. Who brought up your friend?

6. She grew up inan orphan home. Luckily, amarried couple adopted her as ateenager.

7. How old was she at that time?

8. Thirteen. She had toestablish new family bonds. Just imagine for amoment how hard it was for ateenage girl!



* **


  :

1.Ӡ     ?

2. .     .

3.    ?

4.  .      .

5.    ?

6.    . ʠ,     .

7.      ?

8. .      .    ,      -!




29.Are you going tomarry your girlfriend?


    ?

Are you going tomarry your girlfriend?

,   .

Yes, Im engaged toher.

  ?

When is your weddingday?

   .

We havent settled on adateyet.

Ӡ  ?

Does she have afamily?

,  -.

Yes, her parents and atwin sister.

     ?

Can you distinguish the sisters from each other easily?

  ,     .     !

It was hard when Ifirst made their acquaintance. Now the difference between them is obvious!









* **


New Words

girlfriend , () 

engage ; 

wedding 

havent = have not ()  -

settle , 

yet

twin ; 

distinguish 

easily ;  

made  (make ) 

difference 

between 

acquaintance 

obvious 



* **


Phrases

tomarry your girlfriend   

engaged toher  

your wedding day   

havent (= have not) settled on adate   

atwin sister -

from each other  

made their acquaintance () 

the difference between them  



* **


 :

1.Are you going tomarry your girlfriend?

2. Yes, Im engaged toher.

3. When is your weddingday?

4. We havent settled on adateyet.

5. Does she have afamily?

6. Yes, her parents and atwin sister.

7. Can you distinguish the sisters from each other easily?

8. It was hard when Ifirst made their acquaintance. Now the difference between them is obvious!



* **


  :

1.    ?

2. ,   .

3.   ?

4.    .

5. Ӡ  ?

6. ,  -.

7.      ?

8.   ,     .     !




30.Were there many guests at the marriage ceremony?


    ?

Were there many guests at the marriage ceremony?

 .    .

Afew dozen. The brides and grooms families and friends.

    ?

Did young and old folks attend the wedding,too?

,    ,  .

Yes, there were all generations, from the juniors tothe seniors.

     , ?

The ceremony cost them afortune, didntit?

,     .

Indeed, they exceeded their household budgets.

    ?

Did they have toborrow money for the wedding?

  , .  ,   !

Tomy knowledge, yes. Everybody was happy, though!









* **


New Words

guest 

ceremony 

few ; 

dozen 

bride 

groom 

families 

folk 

attend ; 

generation 

junior 

senior 

cost ; 

fortune ; 

didnt = did not ()  -

indeed ; 

exceed 

household  

budget 

borrow 

money 

knowledge 

everybody

though ,  



* **


Phrases

many guests  

at the marriage ceremony  

afew dozen  

the brides and grooms families   

young and old folks  

attend the wedding  

all generations  

from the juniors tothe seniors  

cost them afortune   

household budgets  

toborrow money  

Tomy knowledge   



* **


 :

1.Were there many guests at the marriage ceremony?

2. Afew dozen. The brides and grooms families and friends.

3. Did young and old folks attend the wedding,too?

4. Yes, there were all generations, from the juniors tothe seniors.

5. The ceremony cost them afortune, didntit?

6. Indeed, they exceeded their household budgets.

7. Did they have toborrow money for the wedding?

8. Tomy knowledge, yes. Everybody was happy, though!



* **


  :

1.    ?

2.  .    .

3.     ?

4. ,    ,  .

5.      , ?

6. ,     .

7.     ?

8.   , .  ,   !




31.Why do married people wear rings?


     ?

Why do married people wear rings?

   ,  .

They want todemonstrate toeverybody that they are taken.

      ?

Can the rings link people on aspiritual level?

.   .  ,      .

Hardly. Idont believe inmagic. Nevertheless, it is asymbol oftheir commitment toeach other.

     ?

Which finger should Iwear awedding ringon?

   .

On the ring finger ofyour left hand.

      ?

May Iwear other rings on all ten fingers?

  .

Its up toyou.









* **


New Words

people

wear 

ring ; 

demonstrate 

taken  (take ) 

link ; 

spiritual 

hardly 

believe ; 

magic 

nevertheless  

symbol ,

commitment 

which 

finger  ()

should , 

left 

hand

ten 



* **


Phrases

wear rings  

demonstrate toeverybody 

link people  

on aspiritual level  

Idont believe in  

commitment toeach other   

wear awedding ring   

the ring finger  

left hand 

ten fingers  

up toyou  



* **


 :

1.Why do married people wear rings?

2. They want todemonstrate toeverybody that they are taken.

3. Can the rings link people on aspiritual level?

4. Hardly. Idont believe inmagic. Nevertheless, it is asymbol oftheir commitment toeach other.

5. Which finger should Iwear awedding ringon?

6. On the ring finger ofyour left hand.

7. May Iwear other rings on all ten fingers?

8. Its up toyou.



* **


  :

1.     ?

2.    ,  .

3.       ?

4. .   .  ,      .

5.      ?

6.    .

7.       ?

8.   .




Fundamental Needs

 





32.Iwant toeat


  .

Iwant toeat.

 .

Buy yourself some food.

 ?

Shall Ibuy anything foryou?

,  .

No, Im not hungry.

 ?

Are you thirsty?

.

Alittle.

   ?  ?

What would you like todrink? Shall Ibuy you some juice?

,    .

No, Ill drink some mineral water.









* **


New Words

fundamental 

need 

eat

buy 

yourself , , ;

some ; -; ; -; 

food

shall  (),   /  , 

anything -

hungry 

thirsty  

little ; ; 

drink ;

Ill = Ishall/will  ()

mineral 

water



* **


Phrases

some food , 

anything for you - 

Im not hungry  

alittle 

What would you like to   

some juice , 

buy some juice 

mineral water 

drink some mineral water  



* **


 :

1.Iwant toeat.

2. Buy yourself some food.

3. Shall Ibuy anything foryou?

4. No, Im not hungry.

5. Are you thirsty?

6. Alittle.

7. What would you like todrink? Shall Ibuy you some juice?

8. No, Ill drink some mineral water.



* **


  :

1.  .

2.  .

3.  ?

4. ,  .

5.  ?

6. .

7.    ?  ?

8. ,    .




33.Imcold


 .

Im cold.

   !

Put on your leather jacket!

   .

Ill be hot again.

  .

Dont zip itup.

   ?

Why arent you wearing ajacket?

 .

Im warm.

  !

But youre dressed lightly!

,  .

Dont worry, Iwont catch acold.









* **


New Words

cold ; ; 

put 

leather

jacket , , 

hot 

again , 

zip  

warm ; ; 

dress ; 

lightly ; 

worry 

wont = will not 

catch 



* **


Phrases

Im cold  

put on 

leather jacket  

Ill be hot = Iwill be hot   

zip up 

wearing ajacket  ( )  

Im warm = Iam warm  

dressed lightly  

dont worry = do not worry 

catch acold 



* **


 :

1.Im cold.

2. Put on your leather jacket!

3. Ill be hot again.

4. Dont zip itup.

5. Why arent you wearing ajacket?

6. Im warm.

7. But youre dressed lightly!

8. Dont worry, Iwont catch acold.



* **


  :

1. .

2.    !

3.    .

4.   .

5.    ?

6.  .

7.   !

8. ,  .




34.Its hard for me tobreathe


  .

Its hard for me tobreathe.

   ?

Are we going too fast?

.  .

Yes, we are. Iam tired.

 .

Lets stop.

,    .

No, lets just walk slower.

.  !

Okay. Breathe deeply!

.  ?

Iam. Arent you tired?

,    .

No, Im used towalking fast.









* **


New Words

breathe 

fast ; 

lets let us  ()  -

stop ; 

walk ; 

slow 

slower 

okay 

deep 

deeply 



* **


Phrases

Its hard for me to  

too fast  

Iam tired  

lets stop = let us stop  

walk slowly  

walk slower  

breathe deeply  

Im used to  

walking fast  



* **


 :

1.Its hard for me tobreathe.

2. Are we going too fast?

3. Yes, we are. Iam tired.

4. Lets stop.

5. No, lets just walk slower.

6. Okay. Breathe deeply!

7. Iam. Arent you tired?

8. No, Im used towalking fast.



* **


  :

1.  .

2.    ?

3. .  .

4.  .

5. ,    .

6. .  !

7. .  ?

8. ,    .




35.Wheres the bathroom?


  ?

Wheres the bathroom?

.

Over there.

 ?

Is it payable?

,  .

Yes, prepare the money.

  ?

Where is the entrance tothe mens?

, .

Ithink its on the right.

  !

Awoman came out ofthere!

,  .  .

So its the womens then. The mens is on the left.









* **


New Words

wheres = where is  

bathroom ;  

over ; ; ;

payable  

prepare 

entrance

mens 

think , 

came  (come ) 

out , 

womens 



* **


Phrases

over there 

prepare the money  

entrance to 

on the right 

came out of 

on the left 



* **


 :

1.Wheres the bathroom?

2. Over there.

3. Is it payable?

4. Yes, prepare the money.

5. Where is the entrance tothe mens?

6. Ithink its on the right.

7. Awoman came out ofthere!

8. So its the womens then. The mens is on the left.



* **


  :

1.  ?

2. .

3.  ?

4. ,  .

5.   ?

6. , .

7.   !

8. ,  .  .




36.Iwant tosleep


  .

Iwant tosleep.

  .

Its too early.

? ?

Really? What time is itnow?

 .

Eight oclock inthe evening.

   ?

What time do you usually go tobed?

  .

At eleven oclock inthe evening.

 ?

What time do you getup?

  .

At seven inthe morning.









* **


New Words

oclock  ()     

usually ,  

eleven 

seven



* **


Phrases

want tosleep  

too early 

eight oclock  

inthe evening 

What time do you usually     

at eleven oclock  

inthe morning 



* **


 :

1.Iwant tosleep.

2. Its too early.

3. Really? What time is itnow?

4. Eight oclock inthe evening.

5. What time do you usually go tobed?

6. At eleven oclock inthe evening.

7. What time do you getup?

8. At seven inthe morning.



* **


  :

1.  .

2.   .

3. ? ?

4.  .

5.    ?

6.   .

7.  ?

8.   .




37.Do you have afamily?


Ӡ  ?

Do you have afamily?

,   ,  .

Yes, Ihave my parents, brother and sister.

  ?

Are your neighbors good?

,    .

Yes, they are all nice people.

  ?

How about friends?

Ӡ  .

Ihave some.

,      !

It looks like you have everything for ahappy life!

,  !

Yes, Iagree!









* **


New Words

everything

life 

agree 



* **


Phrases

nice people 

It looks like ,

have everything for  

ahappy life  

Iagree  



* **


 :

1.Do you have afamily?

2. Yes, Ihave my parents, brother and sister.

3. Are your neighbors good?

4. Yes, they are all nice people.

5. How about friends?

6. Ihave some.

7. It looks like you have everything for ahappy life!

8. Yes, Iagree!



* **


  :

1.Ӡ  ?

2. ,   ,  .

3.   ?

4. ,    .

5.   ?

6. Ӡ  .

7. ,      !

8. ,  !




38.Do you have aboyfriend?


Ӡ  ?

Do you have aboyfriend?

Ӡ  ,  .

Ihad one, but we brokeup.

 ?

For what reason?

 .   ?

We didnt get along. Do you have agirlfriend?

,   .

Yes, we justmet.

   ?

Do you love each other?

, .     .   !

Yes, we do. Ifell inlove with her at first sight. Were getting married!

 . !

Im happy for you. Congratulations!









* **


New Words

boyfriend 

broke ,  (break , ) 

reason 

along ; ;

fell  (fall );  

sight ; 

were = we are  ()

getting ; 



* **


Phrases

have aboyfriend/girlfriend   / 

break up 

broke up 

get along 

just met   

love each other   

fall inlove with 

fell inlove with 

at first sight  

get married ,  

getting married ,  

be happy for 



* **


 :

1.Do you have aboyfriend?

2. Ihad one, but we brokeup.

3. For what reason?

4. We didnt get along. Do you have agirlfriend?

5. Yes, we justmet.

6. Do you love each other?

7. Yes, we do. Ifell inlove with her at first sight. Were getting married!

8. Im happy for you. Congratulations!



* **


  :

1.Ӡ  ?

2. Ӡ  ,  .

3.  ?

4.  .   ?

5. ,   .

6.    ?

7. , .     .   !

8.  . !




39.What are basic human needs?


    ?

What are basic human needs?

-,   ,  .

Inthe first place, we need air tobreathe.

,     .

Naturally, we cant live without breathing.

-,    .

Inthe second place, we need water and food.

,   .

Correct, they are vital.

-,   .

Inthe third place, we need tosleep.

,     !

Yes, we cant functionproperly without sleep!

 ,   ,  .      !

Inaddition, we need shelter, warmth and sex. Sexual activity is essential tocontinue life!









* **


New Words

basic 

human ; 

air 

naturally 

without

breathing 

second ; 

correct 

vital ,  

third 

function 

properly ,  

addition 

shelter ; ; 

warmth 

sex ,

sexual , 

activity 

essential 

continue 



* **


Phrases

basic human needs   

inthe first place -,  

air tobreathe ,  

live without 

inthe second place -

water and food  

inthe third place -

function properly   

without sleep 

inaddition , 

sexual activity  

tocontinue life  



* **


 :

1.What are basic human needs?

2. Inthe first place, we need air tobreathe.

3. Naturally, we cant live without breathing.

4. Inthe second place, we need water and food.

5. Correct, they are vital.

6. Inthe third place, we need tosleep.

7. Yes, we cant function properly without sleep!

8. Inaddition, we need shelter, warmth and sex. Sexual activity is essential tocontinue life!



* **


  :

1.    ?

2. -,   ,  .

3. ,     .

4. -,    .

5. ,   .

6. -,   .

7. ,     !

8.  ,   ,  .      !




Safety and Health

 





40.Help!


!

Help!

 ?

Whats goingon?

 !

Ive been robbed!

 .

Call the police.

 ?

Whats their number?

911.

Dial911.

   !

My cell phone was stolen,too!

 .

Use mine.









* **


New Words

safety 

help ; 

rob 

robbed 

call ; 

police 

number ; ; 

dial  

911(nine-one-one) --

cell ; 

phone 

steal , 

stolen  (steal ) 

mine ; ;



* **


Phrases

going on 

call the police  

my cell phone   

use mine 



* **


 :

1.Help!

2. Whats goingon?

3. Ive been robbed!

4. Call the police.

5. Whats their number?

6. Dial911.

7. My cell phone was stolen,too!

8. Use mine.



* **


  :

1.!

2.  ?

3.  !

4.  .

5.  ?

6. 911.

7.    !

8.  .




41.Call an ambulance!


  !

Call an ambulance!

   ?

Are you not feeling well?

Ӡ  .

Ihave chest pain.

 ?

Is it severe?

,     .

Mild, but it might be aheart problem.

-  ?

Does anything else hurt?

 .

Stomach and back.

,   .

Okay, Ill call an ambulance.









* **


New Words

ambulance  

feeling ; 

chest 

pain

severe ; 

mild ; ; 

might 

heart 

problem 

else

hurt ; ; ; 

stomach 

back 



* **


Phrases

call an ambulance   

chest pain  

aheart problem  

anything else -



* **


 :

1.Call an ambulance!

2. Are you not feeling well?

3. Ihave chest pain.

4. Is it severe?

5. Mild, but it might be aheart problem.

6. Does anything else hurt?

7. Stomach and back.

8. Okay, Ill call an ambulance.



* **


  :

1.  !

2.    ?

3. Ӡ  .

4.  ?

5. ,     .

6. -  ?

7.  .

8. ,   .




42.Call the doctor, please!


 , !

Call the doctor, please!

 ?

Are you sick?

, .  .

Ithink so. Ihave aheadache.

  .  ?

Thats bad news. Have you checked your temperature?

. Ӡ  .

No, Idont have athermometer.

 ?

What about your blood pressure?

Ӡ  .

Idont have ablood pressure monitor.

,  .   .

Okay, stay inbed. Ill call the doctor.









* **


New Words

sick 

headache 

check 

temperature 

thermometer 

blood 

pressure 

monitor 

stay 



* **


Phrases

call the doctor  

be sick 

have aheadache  

have athermometer  

blood pressure  

blood pressure monitor   

stay inbed  



* **


 :

1.Call the doctor, please!

2. Are you sick?

3. Ithink so. Ihave aheadache.

4. Thats bad news. Have you checked your temperature?

5. No, Idont have athermometer.

6. What about your blood pressure?

7. Idont have ablood pressure monitor.

8. Okay, stay inbed. Ill call the doctor.



* **


  :

1. , !

2.  ?

3. , .  .

4.   .  ?

5. . Ӡ  .

6.  ?

7. Ӡ  .

8. ,  .   .




43.Ineed alittlehelp


  .   , .

Ineed alittle help. Fetch me the first aid kit, please.

 ?

Whats happened?

  .

Ihurt myself alittlebit.

  ?

Do you want toput on abandage?

,  .

No, just aBand-Aid.

.   .

No problem. Let me put iton.

 !

Thank you for your help!

.     !

You are welcome. Next time, be more careful!









* **


New Words

fetch 

aid ; 

kit 

happen 

myself

bit ; ,  

bandage 

Band-Aid 

let 

welcome ; ;  

next 

more 

careful 



* **


Phrases

need alittle help   

first aid kit   

hurt myself 

alittle bit 

put on abandage  

Let me 

Thank you for  

you are welcome , 

next time 

be more careful  



* **


 :

1.Ineed alittle help. Fetch me the first aid kit, please.

2. Whats happened?

3. Ihurt myself alittlebit.

4. Do you want toput on abandage?

5. No, just aBand-Aid.

6. No problem. Let me put iton.

7. Thank you for your help!

8. You are welcome. Next time, be more careful!



* **


  :

1.  .   , .

2.  ?

3.   .

4.   ?

5. ,  .

6. .   .

7.  !

8. .     !




44.Watchout!


! Ӡ   .

Watch out! There are icicles above your head.

  .

Lets get away from the building.

! Ӡ  .

Be careful! Theres ice under your feet.

,  .

Yeah, its slippery here.

    .

Theres no ice on the other side ofthe street.

 !     ?

Its agood thing! Why dont we walk across the road?

 !

Thats agood idea!

  .

Hang on tomyarm.









* **


New Words

watch 

icicle 

above , ;

head 

away 

building ; 

theres = there is 

ice

under

feet ,  (foot ) 

yeah ,

slippery 

here 

side 

street 

thing

across 

road 

idea

hang 

arm



* **


Phrases

watch out 

above your head   

get away from 

be careful  

under your feet   

its slippery here  

on the other side of   () -.

agood thing 

Why dont we  

walk across  

agood idea 

hang on to 



* **


 :

1.Watch out! There are icicles above your head.

2. Lets get away from the building.

3. Be careful! Theres ice under your feet.

4. Yeah, its slippery here.

5. Theres no ice on the other side ofthe street.

6. Its agood thing! Why dont we walk across the road?

7. Thats agood idea!

8. Hang on tomyarm.



* **


  :

1.! Ӡ   .

2.   .

3. ! Ӡ  .

4. ,  .

5.     .

6.  !     ?

7.  !

8.   .




45.Stop! Dont cross theroad


!  .

Stop! Dont cross the road.

?

Whynot?

    .

Because the traffic light isred.

    .

It was just yellow.

  .

Lets wait for it toturn green.

 .  !

The vehicles are far away. Letsrun!

 .

Thats dangerous.

,  .

Okay, lets not take any chances.









* **


New Words

cross 

traffic  

light

red 

yellow 

wait 

turn ;  (-)

green 

vehicle  , 

run 

dangerous 

chance



* **


Phrases

dont cross = do not cross 

the traffic light 

Lets (= let us) wait for  

turn green  

far away 

lets run  

lets not 

take chances 



* **


 :

1.Stop! Dont cross the road.

2. Whynot?

3. Because the traffic light isred.

4. It was just yellow.

5. Lets wait for it toturn green.

6. The vehicles are far away. Letsrun!

7. Thats dangerous.

8. Okay, lets not take any chances.



* **


  :

1.!  .

2. ?

3.     .

4.     .

5.   .

6.  .  !

7.  .

8. ,  .




46.Beware ofthedog!


 !

Beware ofthedog!

 ?

Whatdog?

  . !

Its behind you. Turn around!

, ?  .

Oh, this one? It is not dangerous.

 ?     !

Are you sure? It ran out ofthose automatic gates!

 ?  ,   .

So what? Maybe it lives there!

   : ,  !

Pay attention tothe sign on the gate: Beware ofvicious dog!

Ӡ   .  !

This dog has kind eyes. It is not vicious!









* **


New Words

beware 

dog 

behind 

around 

sure ; 

ran  (run ) 

those

automatic 

gate 

maybe 

pay 

attention 

sign ; 

vicious , 

kind 

eye



* **


Phrases

beware of  () -., -.

behind you 

turn around 

be sure  

ran out of 

automatic gates  

So what? Ƞ?

Pay attention to  

kind eyes  



* **


 :

1.Beware ofthedog!

2. Whatdog?

3. Its behind you. Turn around!

4. Oh, this one? It is not dangerous.

5. Are you sure? It ran out ofthose automatic gates!

6. So what? Maybe it lives there!

7. Pay attention tothe sign on the gate: Beware ofvicious dog!

8. This dog has kind eyes. It is not vicious!



* **


  :

1. !

2.  ?

3.   . !

4. , ?  .

5.  ?     !

6.  ?  ,   .

7.    : ,  !

8. Ӡ   .  !




47.Youre driving toofast


   .   !

Youre driving too fast. Eighty miles per hour!

.   .

Dont be afraid. Im an experienced driver.

   !  !

We could have gotten inan accident. Slow down!

, .

Okay, Im slowing down.

 !

Keep your distance!

 .

The distance is sufficient.

  !

Be careful behind the wheel!

  ,  , !

Stop telling me what todo, please!









* **


New Words

drive  

eighty 

mile

per  , , ,

hour

afraid ; 

experience

driver 

could  (can ) 

gotten ,  (get ) 

accident 

down

keep , 

distance 

sufficient 

wheel 



* **


Phrases

miles per hour  

be afraid  

an experienced driver  

get inan accident  

slow down 

keep distance  

keep your distance   

behind the wheel 

stop telling  

what todo  



* **


 :

1.Youre driving too fast. Eighty miles per hour!

2. Dont be afraid. Im an experienced driver.

3. We could have gotten inan accident. Slow down!

4. Okay, Im slowing down.

5. Keep your distance!

6. The distance is sufficient.

7. Be careful behind the wheel!

8. Stop telling me what todo, please!



* **


  :

1.   .   !

2. .   .

3.    !  !

4. , .

5.  !

6.  .

7.   !

8.   ,  , !




48.Do you smell the smoke?


   ?

Do you smell the smoke?

. - !

Yes, Ido. Something is burning!

  ?

Did you turn on the heater?

.     .

No, Ididnt. The house has been warm withoutit.

 ?

Did you light candles?

Ӡ .

Idont haveany.

 ?

Did you cook inthe kitchen?

!    !

Yes! Iforgot toturn off the stove!









* **


New Words

smell ; ;  

smoke ; ; 

something -

burn 

heater 

candle 

cook ; 

kitchen 

forget 

forgot 

off 

stove ,  



* **


Phrases

smell the smoke  

something is burning - 

turn on 

turn on the heater  

light candles  

cook inthe kitchen  

forgot to  ()  -

turn off 

turn off the stove  



* **


 :

1.Do you smell the smoke?

2. Yes, Ido. Something is burning!

3. Did you turn on the heater?

4. No, Ididnt. The house has been warm withoutit.

5. Did you light candles?

6. Idont haveany.

7. Did you cook inthe kitchen?

8. Yes! Iforgot toturn off the stove!



* **


  :

1.   ?

2. . - !

3.   ?

4. .     .

5.  ?

6. Ӡ .

7.  ?

8. !    !




49.What will you do incase ofafire?


     ?

What will you do incase ofafire?

  .

Iwill call the fire department.

   ?

Will you try toput out the fire yourself?

, .

Yes, with afire extinguisher.

 ?

What if it is not there?

  .

Ill look for awater hose.

  ?

What if its not there either?

   !

Then Ill bring buckets ofwater!









* **


New Words

case ; ;

fire 

department ; ; 

try 

extinguisher 

hose 

either ,  ()  

bring 

bucket 



* **


Phrases

What will you do    

incase of 

call the fire department  

put out the fire  

afire extinguisher 

awater hose  

buckets ofwater  



* **


 :

1.What will you do incase ofafire?

2. Iwill call the fire department.

3. Will you try toput out the fire yourself?

4. Yes, with afire extinguisher.

5. What if it is not there?

6. Ill look for awater hose.

7. What if its not there either?

8. Then Ill bring buckets ofwater!



* **


  :

1.     ?

2.   .

3.    ?

4. , .

5.  ?

6.   .

7.   ?

8.    !




50.Take an umbrella withyou!


  !

Take an umbrella withyou!

.

Idont wantto.

?

Whynot?

    -.

Icould forget it somewhere.

 !

Its raining outside!

  .

Ill put on araincoat.

  !

It doesnt protect against hail!

,    !

Yes, but it protects against rain and wind.









* **


New Words

umbrella

somewhere -

rain ; ,  () 

outside , 

raincoat

doesnt = does not ()  -

protect 

against 

hail ;  () 

wind 



* **


Phrases

take with you  

protect against 

rain and wind  



* **


 :

1.Take an umbrella withyou!

2. Idont wantto.

3. Whynot?

4. Icould forget it somewhere.

5. Its raining outside!

6. Ill put on araincoat.

7. It doesnt protect against hail!

8. Yes, but it protects against rain and wind.



* **


  :

1.  !

2. .

3. ?

4.     -.

5.  !

6.   .

7.   !

8. ,    !




51.Do you live inasafe area?


   ?

Do you live inasafearea?

,    .

Yes, the crime rate is low there.

  ?

Do you lock the doors at night?

,    .

Yes, and inthe daytime, just incase.

   ?

Do earthquakes occur inthe area?

, .

No, never.

  ?

What about the floods?

 .  !

They take place sometimes. Ariver is nearby!









* **


New Words

safe 

area ; ; 

crime 

rate ;

low 

lock ; 

door 

daytime  

earthquake 

occur 

never 

flood 

sometimes 

river

nearby , 



* **


Phrases

inasafe area 

the crime rate  

lock the doors  

at night , 

inthe daytime  

just incase  

earthquakes occur  

inthe area 

take place 

be nearby  



* **


 :

1.Do you live inasafe area?

2. Yes, the crime rate is low there.

3. Do you lock the doors at night?

4. Yes, and inthe daytime, just incase.

5. Do earthquakes occur inthe area?

6. No, never.

7. What about the floods?

8. They take place sometimes. Ariver is nearby!



* **


  :

1.   ?

2. ,    .

3.   ?

4. ,    .

5.    ?

6. , .

7.   ?

8.  .  !




52.Why are you staring at the printer?


   ?  ?

Why are you staring at the printer? Have you encountered aproblem?

,     . ?

Yes, the printer does not react toany commands.Why?

   !

It cannot read your thoughts!

, ,    ?

No, seriously, what could be the cause?

    .    ?

It can be acombination ofcauses. Is it connected tothe socket with acable?

.   ,  .

Sure. Ican check if the connection is secure.

  .  !   !

Do it carefully. Dont risk your life! Dont grab bare wires!

 . ,  ,    !

They are not bare. Dont worry, Iknow how toensure my own safety!









* **


New Words

stare 

printer 

encounter 

react 

command ; 

cannot 

read 

thought ;  (think) 

seriously 

cause 

combination ; 

connect 

socket 

cable 

connection 

secure 

carefully 

risk ; 

grab 

bare , 

wire 

ensure ; 



* **


Phrases

stare at 

staring at 

encounter aproblem  

encountered aproblem  

react to 

read thoughts  

read your thoughts   

acombination ofcauses  

connected to with   

check if ,

do it 

dont risk = do not risk 

dont grab = do not grab  = 

bare wire (s)  (-) (-)

know how (to) 

ensure safety  

ensure my own safety   



* **


 :

1.Why are you staring at the printer? Have you encountered aproblem?

2. Yes, the printer does not react toany commands.Why?

3. It cannot read your thoughts!

4. No, seriously, what could be the cause?

5. It can be acombination ofcauses. Is it connected tothe socket with acable?

6. Sure. Ican check if the connection is secure.

7. Do it carefully. Dont risk your life! Dont grab bare wires!

8. They are not bare. Dont worry, Iknow how toensure my own safety!



* **


  :

1.   ?  ?

2. ,     . ?

3.    !

4. , ,    ?

5.     .    ?

6. .   ,  .

7.   .  !   !

8.  . ,  ,   !




53.Have you heard ofthe recent emergency at the factory?


    ?

Have you heard ofthe recent emergency at the factory?

,        .

Yes, there was an extremely powerful explosion two daysago.

- ?

Was anybody injured?

   .     .

There were afew victims. The rescue team pulled them out ofthe building.

    ?

Couldnt they get out ofit themselves?

,    .   .

No, the explosion was completely unexpected. The entry was blocked.

?

Was there afire?

,   .  ,    .

Yes, the flames spread quickly. However, the firefighters managed todeal with the fire.









* **


New Words

heard  (hear) 

emergency 

factory 

extremely ; 

powerful 

explosion 

anybody -

injure ; ; 

victim ; 

rescue 

team 

pull 

couldnt = could not 

themselves

completely 

unexpected 

entry

block ;  ();  

flame 

spread 

quickly 

however  

firefighter 

deal 



* **


Phrases

hear of 

heard of 

the recent emergency  

at the factory 

apowerful explosion  

two days ago   

afew victims  

the rescue team  

pull out of 

pulled them out of  

get out of 

spread quickly  

manage to  ()  -

managed to 

deal with  



* **


 :

1.Have you heard ofthe recent emergency at the factory?

2. Yes, there was an extremely powerful explosion two daysago.

3. Was anybody injured?

4. There were afew victims. The rescue team pulled them out ofthe building.

5. Couldnt they get out ofit themselves?

6. No, the explosion was completely unexpected. The entry was blocked.

7. Was there afire?

8. Yes, the flames spread quickly. However, the firefighters managed todeal with the fire.



* **


  :

1.    ?

2. ,        .

3. - ?

4.    .     .

5.     ?

6. ,    .   .

7. ?

8. ,   .  ,    .




54.Is there an effective cure for cancer?


   ?

Is there an effective cure for cancer?

 ,   .  ,  ,  .

Not yet, but cancer research continues. The latest findings are likely tomake adifference.

      ?  ,  ?

What can terminally ill people hope for today? Nothing but magic?

  ࠖ     .

The only real hope is dramatic improvements indrug therapy and surgery.

,     ?

Is it true that this illness is caused byviruses?

,       .

Yes, some types ofcancer might be caused byinfection.

     ?

What is the main difficulty incancer treatment?

   .     ,  .

The disease starts without symptoms. Some people find out they are ill when it is too late.









* **


New Words

effective 

cure ; 

cancer

research ; 

latest   (late ; ) 

finding 

likely 

make 

terminally , 

ill 

hope 

today 

dramatic 

improvement 

drug , , 

therapy 

surgery 

true 

illness 

by , ; , 

virus 

type

infection 

main 

difficulty 

treatment 

disease 

start 

symptom 

find 

late ; 



* **


Phrases

an effective cure for  

cancer research 

the latest findings  

tomake adifference  

terminally ill  

hope for 

nothing but  

the only hope  

improvements in 

drug therapy  

Is it true that  ,

caused by 

the main difficulty  

without symptoms  

find out 

too late  



* **


 :

1.Is there an effective cure for cancer?

2. Not yet, but cancer research continues. The latest findings are likely tomake adifference.

3. What can terminally ill people hope for today? Nothing but magic?

4. The only real hope is dramatic improvements indrug therapy and surgery.

5. Is it true that this illness is caused byviruses?

6. Yes, some types ofcancer might be caused byinfection.

7. What is the main difficulty incancer treatment?

8. The disease starts without symptoms. Some people find out they are ill when it is too late.



* **


  :

1.   ?

2.  ,   .  ,  ,  .

3.       ?  ,  ?

4.        .

5. ,     ?

6. ,       .

7.      ?

8.    .     ,  .




55.My eighty-year-old grandma has afever


Ӡ   .     ?

My eighty-year-old grandma has afever. How do we identify its causes?

     .

Afever is acommon symptom ofthe flu virus.

,      .

So, she caught the flu from my ninety-year-old grandpa.

Ӡ   ?

Do they have equally high temperature?

Ӡ    .     .

He had afever last week. His temperature decreased tonormal recently.

   ?

Did he take tablets for fever?

,    . Ÿ     .

Yes, but she does not want totake them. Her temperature remains high fornow.

   ,  .  ,   !

She must take the medicine toget better. Tell her they are vitamins!









* **


New Words

eighty-year-old 

grandma 

fever , 

identify 

its ,  ()  

common 

flu 

caught  (catch ) 

ninety-year-old 

grandpa 

equally ;  

high 

week 

decrease 

normal 

tablet ; ; 

remain 

must 

medicine 

better  (good ) 

vitamin 



* **


Phrases

has afever / 

acommon symptom of   () -.

the flu virus  

caught the flu from  

equally high  

last week  

take tablets for  

for now ,  

toget better ;  



* **


 :

1.My eighty-year-old grandma has afever. How do we identify its causes?

2. Afever is acommon symptom ofthe flu virus.

3. So, she caught the flu from my ninety-year-old grandpa.

4. Do they have equally high temperature?

5. He had afever last week. His temperature decreased tonormal recently.

6. Did he take tablets for fever?

7. Yes, but she does not want totake them. Her temperature remains high fornow.

8. She must take the medicine toget better. Tell her they are vitamins!



* **


  :

1.Ӡ   .     ?

2.      .

3. ,      .

4. Ӡ   ?

5. Ӡ    .     .

6.    ?

7. ,    . Ÿ     .

8.    ,  .  ,   !




56.Are patients put tosleep during surgical operations?


    ?

Are patients put tosleep during surgical operations?

       .    .

Insome cases, they must be unconscious. Inother cases, conscious.

   ?     ?

When must apatient be awake? Can you give afairly common example?

  .      .

Laser eye surgery. Its acomplex operation toimprove vision.

     ?

Is it crucial for patients tostay motionless?

,        .

No, the complex surgical equipment controls every motion oftheir eyes.

 ,     ?

Is there risk that the vision becomes worse as aresult?

 .        .

The risk is minimal. Inmost cases, the vision recovers quickly after the operation.









* **


New Words

patient 

during 

surgical 

operation 

unconscious  

conscious 

awake 

fairly 

example 

laser 

complex 

improve 

vision 

crucial , 

motionless 

equipment 

control ; 

every 

motion 

become 

worse  (bad ) 

result 

minimal 

recover 



* **


Phrases

put tosleep  

insome cases  

inother cases  

be awake 

acommon example  

eye surgery  

acomplex operation  

toimprove vision   

Is there risk that  ,

becomes worse 

as aresult  

inmost cases  



* **


 :

1.Are patients put tosleep during surgical operations?

2. Insome cases, they must be unconscious. Inother cases, conscious.

3. When must apatient be awake? Can you give afairly common example?

4. Laser eye surgery. Its acomplex operation toimprove vision.

5. Is it crucial for patients tostay motionless?

6. No, the complex surgical equipment controls every motion oftheir eyes.

7. Is there risk that the vision becomes worse as aresult?

8. The risk is minimal. Inmost cases, the vision recovers quickly after the operation.



* **


  :

1.    ?

2.        .    .

3.    ?     ?

4.   .      .

5.      ?

6. ,        .

7.  ,     ?

8.  .        .




57.My fingers and toes are aching


Ӡ    .  ,   . ʠ   ?

My fingers and toes are aching. Besides, Ihave knee pain. What doctor should Isee?

ʠ.

An orthopedist.

       .

Ialso feel pain inthe lungs and other internal organs.

 .   ,     .

Visit an internist. Iknow agood one, but she is pregnant and on maternity leavenow.

ʠ   .  ,        .    !

Inaddition, Ihave nightmares. Idream that ahospital nurse drops poison on my tongue bymistake. This causes throat spasm!

, ,  . -    ?

That is likely amental problem. Does anyone get on your nerves inreality?

,  .   ,   .    !

Yeah, poisonous snakes do. They are hard ofhearing but see well up close. Their venom can cause shock!

     .   !

There are no venomous snakes inour area. Start with consulting apsychiatrist!









* **


New Words

toe  

ache 

aching 

besides 

knee 

orthopedist 

also 

feel 

lung 

internal 

organ 

visit ; 

internist 

pregnant 

maternity 

leave 

nightmare 

dream ; ; 

nurse 

drop ; ; 

poison

tongue

mistake 

throat 

spasm 

mental 

nerve

reality 

poisonous 

snake

hearing

close ; 

venom

shock

venomous 

our

consult 

consulting 

psychiatrist 



* **


Phrases

knee pain  

feel pain in  

internal organs  

visit an internist  

on maternity leave  

have nightmares  

dream that ,

bymistake 

throat spasm  

amental problem  

get on your nerves  

inreality 

poisonous snakes 

hard ofhearing  

see well  

up close 

start with 



* **


 :

1.My fingers and toes are aching. Besides, Ihave knee pain. What doctor should Isee?

2. An orthopedist.

3. Ialso feel pain inthe lungs and other internal organs.

4. Visit an internist. Iknow agood one, but she is pregnant and on maternity leavenow.

5. Inaddition, Ihave nightmares. Idream that ahospital nurse drops poison on my tongue bymistake. This causes throat spasm!

6. That is likely amental problem. Does anyone get on your nerves inreality?

7. Yeah, poisonous snakes do. They are hard ofhearing but see well up close. Their venom can cause shock!

8. There are no venomous snakes inour area. Start with consulting apsychiatrist!



* **


  :

1.Ӡ    .  ,   . ʠ   ?

2. ʠ.

3.        .

4.  .   ,     .

5. ʠ   .  ,        .    !

6. , ,  . -    ?

7. ,  .   ,   .    !

8.      .   !




Going onFoot

 





58.Excuse me, how do we get tothe city center?


,     ?

Excuse me, how do we get tothe city center?

   .     .

Its on the opposite side ofthe river. You need togo across the river.

  ?

Is there abridge nearby?

,    ,  .

Yes, walk along the riverbank until you seeit.

  ?

Is that far from here?

,   .   ,   .

Yes, its along walk. It takes about an hour toget there.

   ?

Is there ashorter path?

,     .

No, unless you take aboat.









* **


New Words

foot 

excuse ; 

center 

opposite 

bridge

riverbank 

until

shorter  (short ) 

path ; ; 

unless 

boat 



* **


Phrases

Excuse me  

how do we get to   

city center  

on the opposite side of  

walk along 

along walk  

It takes  

toget there 

ashorter path  

take aboat  



* **


 :

1.Excuse me, how do we get tothe city center?

2. Its on the opposite side ofthe river. You need togo across the river.

3. Is there abridge nearby?

4. Yes, walk along the riverbank until you seeit.

5. Is that far from here?

6. Yes, its along walk. It takes about an hour toget there.

7. Is there ashorter path?

8. No, unless you take aboat.



* **


  :

1.,     ?

2.    .     .

3.   ?

4. ,    ,  .

5.   ?

6. ,   .   ,   .

7.    ?

8. ,     .




59.Excuse me, where is the nearest supermarket?


,    ?

Excuse me, where is the nearest supermarket?

   .

Walk straight three blocks.

 ?

Is that far away?

  .

Its afifteen minute walk.

  ?

Is it opennow?

 .

It mustbe.

!

Thankyou!

.

My pleasure.









* **


New Words

nearest  (near) 

supermarket 

straight 

fifteen 

minute 

open ; 

pleasure 



* **


Phrases

the nearest supermarket  

walk straight  

afifteen minute walk   

my pleasure , 



* **


 :

1.Excuse me, where is the nearest supermarket?

2. Walk straight three blocks.

3. Is that far away?

4. Its afifteen minute walk.

5. Is it opennow?

6. It mustbe.

7. Thankyou!

8. My pleasure.



* **


  :

1.,    ?

2.    .

3.  ?

4.   .

5.   ?

6.  .

7. !

8. .




60.Excuse me, where is the restroom here?


,   ?

Excuse me, where is the restroom here?

   .

Follow the wide corridor totheend.

  ,  .

We were at the end ofit but didnt find the door.

   .

Turn right into anarrow passage.

, .  ?

Okay, right. Where tonext?

 .    .

Go down the passage. The bathroom should be on the left.

 !

Thank you very much!

!

You are welcome.









* **


New Words

restroom ,  ()  

follow ; 

wide 

corridor 

into ; 

narrow 

passage ; 



* **


Phrases

follow the corridor  

tothe end 

at the end of 

find the door  

turn right  

anarrow passage  

down the passage 

Thank you very much   



* **


 :

1.Excuse me, where is the restroom here?

2. Follow the wide corridor totheend.

3. We were at the end ofit but didnt find the door.

4. Turn right into anarrow passage.

5. Okay, right. Where tonext?

6. Go down the passage. The bathroom should be on the left.

7. Thank you very much!

8. You are welcome.



* **


  :

1.,   ?

2.    .

3.   ,  .

4.    .

5. , .  ?

6.  .    .

7.  !

8. !




61.Shall we go up the stairs?


 ?

Shall we go up the stairs?

,   .   .

No, my legs hurt. Lets take the escalator.

  ?

Arent you afraid offalling?

,    .

No, Ill hold on tothe handrails.

   .

Theres also an elevator.

   .

Idont want touse the elevator.

  ?

Are you afraid ofconfined spaces?

,   !

No, but the elevator can get stuck!









* **


New Words

stair ; 

leg  ()  

escalator 

falling 

hold  (-)

handrail 

elevator

confine 

space ; 

stick ; 

stuck ;  (stick ) 



* **


Phrases

go up the stairs  

take the escalator  

be afraid offalling  

hold on to 

confined space  

get stuck 



* **


 :

1.Shall we go up the stairs?

2. No, my legs hurt. Lets take the escalator.

3. Arent you afraid offalling?

4. No, Ill hold on tothe handrails.

5. Theres also an elevator.

6. Idont want touse the elevator.

7. Are you afraid ofconfined spaces?

8. No, but the elevator can get stuck!



* **


  :

1. ?

2. ,   .   .

3.   ?

4. ,    .

5.    .

6.    .

7.   ?

8. ,   !




62.Excuse me, are you from here?


,   ?

Excuse me, are you from here?

.    ?

Yes. How can Ihelpyou?

  ,   ?

Could you tell me where the pharmacyis?

  .  .

Go down this street. The pharmacy is around the corner.

   ?

Is there agrocery store?

,  .

Yes, tothe left ofthe pharmacy.

?

And the market?

,  .    !

No, the market is far away. You had better get acab!









* **


New Words

pharmacy 

corner

grocery 

store ; 

grocery store  

market 

cab 



* **


Phrases

from here 

Could you tell me    

around the corner 

tothe left of 

You had better  



* **


 :

1.Excuse me, are you from here?

2. Yes. How can Ihelpyou?

3. Could you tell me where the pharmacyis?

4. Go down this street. The pharmacy is around the corner.

5. Is there agrocery store?

6. Yes, tothe left ofthe pharmacy.

7. And the market?

8. No, the market is far away. You had better get acab!



* **


  :

1.,   ?

2. .    ?

3.   ,   ?

4.   .  .

5.    ?

6. ,  .

7. ?

8. ,  .    !




63.Iwant totake awalk


  .    !

Iwant totake awalk. Lets go tothe central park!

   .     -    -.

It is too far from here. We could just walk back and forth on this road or elsewhere.

  .    .     !

This road is rough. We will have tomove slowly. Iwant togo at afast pace!

  ,   .

If youre afraid ofstumbling, mind your step.

  .   !    ?

Road repairs are ahead. It leads nowhere! Why dont we change direction?

,   .

Fine, lets go directly tothe park.

!    ?

Thank you! Where is the shortest way there?

 .  !

Down this lane. Followme!









* **


New Words

central 

park

forth 

elsewhere  

rough , 

move 

slowly 

pace

stumble 

mind 

step

repair ; 

ahead ; 

lead ; 

nowhere 

direction 

directly ,  

shortest   (short ) 

way ; 

lane ; 



* **


Phrases

take awalk 

the central park 

too far from here   

back and forth  

on this road  

move slowly  

at afast pace  

be afraid ofstumbling  

mind your step  ,  

road repairs  

lead nowhere   

change direction  

go directly to  /  

the shortest way 

follow me  



* **


 :

1.Iwant totake awalk. Lets go tothe central park!

2. It is too far from here. We could just walk back and forth on this road or elsewhere.

3. This road is rough. We will have tomove slowly. Iwant togo at afast pace!

4. If youre afraid ofstumbling, mind your step.

5. Road repairs are ahead. It leads nowhere! Why dont we change direction?

6. Fine, lets go directly tothe park.

7. Thank you! Where is the shortest way there?

8. Down this lane. Followme!



* **


  :

1.  .    !

2.    .     -    -.

3.   .    .     !

4.   ,   .

5.   .   !    ?

6. ,   .

7. !    ?

8.  .  !




64.Do you see the castle beyond the wall?


  ?

Do you see the castle beyond the wall?

,   ,   .

Yes, there are several towers made ofgray stone.

      .

It was built inthe Middle Ages mainly from local materials.

 ?   ,     ?

Why here? Imean, what was the advantage ofthis place?

   .    ,  .

Its on the hill next tothe river. Going upward would have been harder than downward.

    .   .

An enemy army could surround the castle. Defenders would have tosurrender.

.      !

Not necessarily. They could escape through asecret tunnel!

 ,   !

Thank God those days are gone!









* **


New Words

castle 

beyond ; ;

wall 

tower 

gray 

stone 

built  (build ) 

middle 

age 

mainly 

local 

material 

mean  

advantage 

hill

upward 

harder  (hard ) 

downward

army 

surround 

defender 

surrender 

necessarily 

escape ; 

through ; 

secret 

tunnel 

god

gone  (go , ) 



* **


Phrases

beyond the wall 

made of 

inthe Middle Ages 

the advantage of  () -.

next to 

going upward/downward   /

not necessarily 

escape through  

asecret tunnel  

thank God 

those days are gone   



* **


 :

1.Do you see the castle beyond the wall?

2. Yes, there are several towers made ofgray stone.

3. It was built inthe Middle Ages mainly from local materials.

4. Why here? Imean, what was the advantage ofthis place?

5. Its on the hill next tothe river. Going upward would have been harder than downward.

6. An enemy army could surround the castle. Defenders would have tosurrender.

7. Not necessarily. They could escape through asecret tunnel!

8. Thank God those days are gone!



* **


  :

1.  ?

2. ,   ,   .

3.       .

4.  ?   ,     ?

5.    .    ,  .

6.     .   .

7. .      !

8.  ,   !




Transportation

 





65.Wheres the bus stop?


  ?

Wheres the bus stop?

 .

Ihave no idea.

-  .  .

Somebody must know. Lets ask around.

 .

Theres no one around.

     .

Lets look for abus stop sign then.

 . !

Look over there. There itis!

  .

Icant see it without glasses.

 ,   !

Wear them, or youll get lost inthe city!









* **


New Words

transportation ; ;  

bus 

somebody -

ask , 

glasses

youll = you will  ()

lost  (lose ) 



* **


Phrases

bus stop  

no idea  

ask around 

no one around  

abus stop sign   

get lost 



* **


 :

1.Wheres the bus stop?

2. Ihave no idea.

3. Somebody must know. Lets ask around.

4. Theres no one around.

5. Lets look for abus stop sign then.

6. Look over there. There itis!

7. Icant see it without glasses.

8. Wear them, or youll get lost inthe city!



* **


  :

1.  ?

2.  .

3. -  .  .

4.  .

5.      .

6.  . !

7.   .

8.  ,   !




66.Is the bus fare expensive?


  ?

Is the bus fare expensive?

,  .

No, its cheap.

  ?

How about ataxi?

 .

Its expensive.

     ?

What are the other means oftransport here?

 .

Tram and subway.

    ?

Where can Ibuy subway tickets?

,  .

At the station, Ithink.









* **


New Words

fare  ;  

expensive , 

cheap 

taxi 

means 

transport ; ; 

tram 

subway 

ticket 

station 



* **


Phrases

bus fare  

its (= it is) cheap  

its expensive  

means oftransport  

subway tickets  



* **


 :

1.Is the bus fare expensive?

2. No, its cheap.

3. How about ataxi?

4. Its expensive.

5. What are the other means oftransport here?

6. Tram and subway.

7. Where can Ibuy subway tickets?

8. At the station, Ithink.



* **


  :

1.  ?

2. ,  .

3.   ?

4.  .

5.      ?

6.  .

7.     ?

8. ,  .




67.How do we get tothe park?


   ?

How do we get tothe park?

    .    ,   .

Its acouple oftram stops from here. We can ask the driver where toget off the tram.

   ?

Where can Ibuy tickets?

  .

From the ticket machines.

  ?

How do Ipay for them?

  .

Bycard or incash.

    ?

Can we get on the tram and pay the driver?

,    .

No, you need tohave aticket before boarding.









* **


New Words

machine ; 

card 

cash , 

before

boarding 



* **


Phrases

tram stops  

get off the tram  

buy tickets  

ticket machines  

bycard 

incash 

get on the tram  

pay the driver  

before boarding  



* **


 :

1.How do we get tothe park?

2. Its acouple oftram stops from here. We can ask the driver where toget off the tram.

3. Where can Ibuy tickets?

4. From the ticket machines.

5. How do Ipay for them?

6. Bycard or incash.

7. Can we get on the tram and pay the driver?

8. No, you need tohave aticket before boarding.



* **


  :

1.   ?

2.     .    ,   .

3.    ?

4.   .

5.   ?

6.   .

7.     ?

8. ,    .




68.How do we get tothe airport?


   ?

How do we get tothe airport?

  .

Bybus or taxi.

   ?

Are we going tobuy tickets at the box office?

,     .

No, Ive already bought them online.

!   ?

Awesome! Did you print themout?

 . ,   ,  .

This is not required. All we need is passports.

    ?

How do you know all this?

    .

Ive already flown abroad afew times.









* **


New Words

airport 

box 

office

bought ,  (buy ) 

online 

awesome 

print ; 

require 

passport 

fly 

flown  (fly ) 

abroad 



* **


Phrases

at the box office 

print them out 

All we need is ,   ,

afew times 



* **


 :

1.How do we get tothe airport?

2. Bybus or taxi.

3. Are we going tobuy tickets at the box office?

4. No, Ive already bought them online.

5. Awesome! Did you print themout?

6. This is not required. All we need is passports.

7. How do you know all this?

8. Ive already flown abroad afew times.



* **


  :

1.   ?

2.   .

3.    ?

4. ,     .

5. !   ?

6.  . ,   ,  .

7.     ?

8.     .




69.Look at the signs. Are we going tothe Arrivals area?


 .    ?

Look at the signs. Are we going tothe Arrivals area?

, .

No, the Departures.

 ?

Domestic Departures?

, .

No, International Departures.

  ?

How about Transfers?

  .   . Ӡ  .

This is not for us. We dont change planes. We have adirect flight.

   ?

Is our flight on time?

  .     .

Lets check the board. Sometimes flights are delayed or canceled.









* **


New Words

arrival 

departure 

domestic ; ; ; 

international 

transfer 

plane 

direct ; 

flight ;

board ;

delay ; , 

cancel ; 



* **


Phrases

Arrivals area  

Domestic Departures  

International Departures  

not for us 

change planes  

direct flight 

on time 

check the board  

flights are delayed/canceled   / 



* **


 :

1.Look at the signs. Are we going tothe Arrivals area?

2. No, the Departures.

3. Domestic Departures?

4. No, International Departures.

5. How about Transfers?

6. This is not for us. We dont change planes. We have adirect flight.

7. Is our flight on time?

8. Lets check the board. Sometimes flights are delayed or canceled.



* **


  :

1. .    ?

2. , .

3.  ?

4. , .

5.   ?

6.   .   . Ӡ  .

7.    ?

8.   .     .




70.Where can we checkin?


  ?

Where can we checkin?

Ӡ .

At the check-in desk.

   ?

Do we have toregister the baggage?

,   .

Yes, except for the hand baggage.

   ?

What do we do after that?

    .

We have togo through border control.

   ?

What documents do we need?

  .

Passports and boarding passes.









* **


New Words

check-in 

desk 

register ; , 

baggage 

except 

border 

document 

pass ; ; 



* **


Phrases

check in 

register the baggage  

except for  () -. /-.

hand baggage  

after that  

go through  

border control  

boarding pass  



* **


 :

1.Where can we checkin?

2. At the check-in desk.

3. Do we have toregister the baggage?

4. Yes, except for the hand baggage.

5. What do we do after that?

6. We have togo through border control.

7. What documents do we need?

8. Passports and boarding passes.



* **


  :

1.  ?

2. Ӡ .

3.    ?

4. ,   .

5.    ?

6.     .

7.    ?

8.   .




71.Where do we wait toboard the plane?


    ?

Where do we wait toboard the plane?

   .

Inthe departure lounge ofTerminalA.

    ?

When can we get on the plane?

    .

As soon as we are called toboard.

    ?

How long does it take toboard aplane?

 .

About half an hour.

    ?

How do we find our plane?

     .

We must know our gate number.









* **


New Words

lounge 

terminal 

half 



* **


Phrases

board the plane   

departure lounge   ()   

get on the plane  

as soon as  

call toboard  

half an hour 

gate number   ()  



* **


 :

1.Where do we wait toboard the plane?

2. Inthe departure lounge ofTerminalA.

3. When can we get on the plane?

4. As soon as we are called toboard.

5. How long does it take toboard aplane?

6. About half an hour.

7. How do we find our plane?

8. We must know our gate number.



* **


  :

1.    ?

2.    .

3.     ?

4.     .

5.     ?

6.  .

7.     ?

8.      .




72.Is there arailway station inthis town?


     ?

Is there arailway station inthis town?

,    .

Yes, its inthe northern part ofthe city.

    ?

Do long-distance trains arrive there?

.    ?

Yes. Where do you need togo?

,  .

Tothe south, tothe seacoast.

  ?

Why not fly byplane?

    .

Because Im scared offlying.

  ,   !

Then find out first if train tickets are available!









* **


New Words

railway  

north 

northern 

part 

long-distance ; 

train ; ; 

arrive 

south

seacoast 

scare 

flying ; 

available 



* **


Phrases

railway station  

inthe northern part of   () -.

long-distance train   

tothe south 

tothe seacoast 

fly byplane  

scared offlying  

train ticket  



* **


 :

1.Is there arailway station inthis town?

2. Yes, its inthe northern part ofthe city.

3. Do long-distance trains arrive there?

4. Yes. Where do you need togo?

5. Tothe south, tothe seacoast.

6. Why not fly byplane?

7. Because Im scared offlying.

8. Then find out first if train tickets are available!



* **


  :

1.     ?

2. ,    .

3.     ?

4. .    ?

5. ,  .

6.   ?

7.     .

8.   ,   !




73.Do you often go bytrain?


   ?

Do you often go bytrain?

.    .

Seldom. Just several times ayear.

    ?

Bylocal or long-distance trains?

 .

Both.

  ,  ?

If the trip is long, do you sleep on the train?

.    .

Yes. Itake the upper berth.

 - ?

Do you go tothe diningcar?

,     .

No, Ieat my food inthe compartment.









* **


New Words

seldom 

both

trip 

upper 

berth  ; ; ; 

dine 

dining 

car ; 

compartment , 



* **


Phrases

go bytrain  

several times ayear   

sleep on the train  

upper berth  

dining car -



* **


 :

1.Do you often go bytrain?

2. Seldom. Just several times ayear.

3. Bylocal or long-distance trains?

4. Both.

5. If the trip is long, do you sleep on the train?

6. Yes. Itake the upper berth.

7. Do you go tothe diningcar?

8. No, Ieat my food inthe compartment.



* **


  :

1.   ?

2. .    .

3.     ?

4.  .

5.   ,  ?

6. .    .

7.  - ?

8. ,     .




74.What track does our train arriveon?


    ?

What track does our train arriveon?

  .

Track number five.

  ?

How long is the stop?

  .

Just afew minutes.

  ?

What time does it depart?

  .

At aquarter past seven.

   ?

What if were late?

  !

The train will leave withoutus!









* **


New Words

track ; 

depart ; ; 

quarter ; ,  ;  () 

past ;



* **


Phrases

arrive on track number   

afew minutes  

aquarter past seven  

were late  



* **


 :

1.What track does our train arriveon?

2. Track number five.

3. How long is the stop?

4. Just afew minutes.

5. What time does it depart?

6. At aquarter past seven.

7. What if were late?

8. The train will leave withoutus!



* **


  :

1.    ?

2.   .

3.   ?

4.   .

5.   ?

6.   .

7.    ?

8.   !




75.Do you know how todrive avehicle?


   ?

Do you know how todrive avehicle?

,   .

Yes, Ive been driving since Iwas eighteen.

    ?

Who else inyour family can drive?

,   .   .

Everyone except my grandmother. Shes tooold.

   ?

Do you travel inyour owncar?

,    .

Yes, we go tothe mountains on weekends.

  ?

What car do you have?

.

AnSUV.









* **


New Words

everyone ,  ;

travel ; 

mountain

weekend 

SUV 



* **


Phrases

Ive been driving since Iwas    ,   

everyone except , 

travel inyour own car   

tothe mountains 

on weekends 



* **


 :

1.Do you know how todrive avehicle?

2. Yes, Ive been driving since Iwas eighteen.

3. Who else inyour family can drive?

4. Everyone except my grandmother. Shes tooold.

5. Do you travel inyour owncar?

6. Yes, we go tothe mountains on weekends.

7. What car do you have?

8. AnSUV.



* **


  :

1.   ?

2. ,   .

3.     ?

4. ,   .   .

5.    ?

6. ,    .

7.   ?

8. .




76.Does your sister know how toride abike?


    ?

Does your sister know how toride abike?

,    .

Yes, she had abicycle as achild.

   ?

Will she ride with us along the cycle path?

.   .

Idont think so. She prefers amotorcycle.

   !

Thats adangerous means oftransportation!

 ,   .    .   !

She says the bike is more dangerous. The bicycle chain can break. You might fall!

  ?

Does she wear ahelmet?

ʠ, . ,     !

Fortunately, yes. Bythe way, we have towear it,too!









* **


New Words

ride ;  (, ,  ..)

bike  (bicycle ) 

bicycle 

cycle , ;  

prefer 

motorcycle 

chain

fall ; ; 

helmet

fortunately 



* **


Phrases

ride abike  

along the cycle path  

adangerous means oftransportation   

wear ahelmet 

bythe way 



* **


 :

1.Does your sister know how toride abike?

2. Yes, she had abicycle as achild.

3. Will she ride with us along the cycle path?

4. Idont think so. She prefers amotorcycle.

5. Thats adangerous means oftransportation!

6. She says the bike is more dangerous. The bicycle chain can break. You might fall!

7. Does she wear ahelmet?

8. Fortunately, yes. Bythe way, we have towear it,too!



* **


  :

1.    ?

2. ,    .

3.    ?

4. .   .

5.    !

6.  ,   .    .   !

7.   ?

8. ʠ, . ,     !




77.Can your brother ride ahorse?


    ?

Can your brother ride ahorse?

,   !

Yes, hes agreat rider!

   ?

Where did he learn toride?

   .

At ariding school.

  ?

Does he take part inhorse racing?

,    .

No, hes amounted police officer.

   ?

Can he drive acar?

,     !

Sure, but the horse is his main mean oftransportation!









* **


New Words

horse ,

rider 

riding 

race , 

racing ,

mount ; 

officer ; 



* **


Phrases

ride ahorse  

riding school  

take part in  

horse racing 

police officer  

mounted police officer  

drive acar  



* **


 :

1.Can your brother ride ahorse?

2. Yes, hes agreat rider!

3. Where did he learn toride?

4. At ariding school.

5. Does he take part inhorse racing?

6. No, hes amounted police officer.

7. Can he drive acar?

8. Sure, but the horse is his main mean oftransportation!



* **


  :

1.    ?

2. ,   !

3.    ?

4.    .

5.   ?

6. ,    .

7.    ?

8. ,     !




78.Why did you signalme?


   ?

Why did you signalme?

  .      ?

My van is stuck. Will you help me drag it out ofthe ditch?

, .   ?

Ofcourse Iwill. Is the vans frame damaged?

.    . Ӡ  .

Unlikely. This is amodified model ofthe vehicle. It has afirm frame.

   ?

Is there any load inthe body?

,     .

Yes, it should be fastened with additional ropes.

 ?

Are you inahurry?

      .

Ihave toreturn tothe parking lot infifty minutes.









* **


New Words

signal ; 

van 

drag , 

ditch 

frame

damage 

unlikely 

modify 

model ; 

firm ; ; 

load 

body ; 

fasten 

additional 

rope 

hurry 

return ; 

parking ; ; 

fifty 



* **


Phrases

drag out of 

vans frame  

modified model  

firm frame  

load inthe body  

fastened with  

inahurry 

parking lot 

infifty minutes   



* **


 :

1.Why did you signalme?

2. My van is stuck. Will you help me drag it out ofthe ditch?

3. Ofcourse Iwill. Is the vans frame damaged?

4. Unlikely. This is amodified model ofthe vehicle. It has afirm frame.

5. Is there any load inthe body?

6. Yes, it should be fastened with additional ropes.

7. Are you inahurry?

8. Ihave toreturn tothe parking lot infifty minutes.



* **


  :

1.   ?

2.   .      ?

3. , .   ?

4. .    . Ӡ  .

5.    ?

6. ,     .

7.  ?

8.       .




79.Im running out ofgas


Ӡ  .  ?

Im running out ofgas. What should Ido?

   .  .

Drive tothe nearest gas station. Refuel thecar.

  ?

How can Ifind agas station?

   .

Look for the relevant road sign.

     ?

What if there are no road signs nearby?

   .

Use anavigator on your mobile phone.

    ?

What if theres no internet connection?

  !

Ask apasserby for directions!









* **


New Words

running  (run ) 

gas ; 

refuel 

relevant 

navigator 

mobile 

internet 

passerby 



* **


Phrases

running out of ()  -.

gas station  , 

use anavigator  

mobile phone  

internet connection -

ask for directions  



* **


 :

1.Im running out ofgas. What should Ido?

2. Drive tothe nearest gas station. Refuel thecar.

3. How can Ifind agas station?

4. Look for the relevant road sign.

5. What if there are no road signs nearby?

6. Use anavigator on your mobile phone.

7. What if theres no internet connection?

8. Ask apasserby for directions!



* **


  :

1.Ӡ  .  ?

2.    .  .

3.   ?

4.    .

5.      ?

6.    .

7.     ?

8.   !




80.Ihave an electriccar


Ӡ .   ?

Ihave an electric car. How do Ichargeit?

   .

Connect it toacharging post.

     ?

Are there such posts inthis road section?

,     .    .

Yes, but only one fifth ofthem works. The rest are not yet powered.

    . Ӡ   ?

The handle ofmy charging cable is broken. Do you have aspare cable?

,      . Ÿ    !

Yes, but it doesnt support rapid battery charging. It will have tobe connected for afew hours!

 .    ?

That wont work. How do Ido it faster?

    .

You need togo toacharging station.









* **


New Words

electric 

charge ; ; ; 

charging , 

post ; ; , 

such 

section ; 

fifth 

power ; ; ;  

handle ; ; 

broken  (break ) 

spare 

support ; 

rapid , 

battery 

faster  (fast , ) 



* **


Phrases

electric car 

connect to 

road section  

one fifth of    () -

spare cable  

battery charging  

for afew hours  

wont work = will not work 

charging station  



* **


 :

1.Ihave an electric car. How do Ichargeit?

2. Connect it toacharging post.

3. Are there such posts inthis road section?

4. Yes, but only one fifth ofthem works. The rest are not yet powered.

5. The handle ofmy charging cable is broken. Do you have aspare cable?

6. Yes, but it doesnt support rapid battery charging. It will have tobe connected for afew hours!

7. That wont work. How do Ido it faster?

8. You need togo toacharging station.



* **


  :

1.Ӡ .   ?

2.    .

3.      ?

4. ,     .    .

5.     . Ӡ   ?

6. ,      . Ÿ    !

7.  .    ?

8.     .




81.Have you ever sailed on aship?


 -  ?

Have you ever sailed on aship?

,    . ?

No, only inasmall boat down the river.You?

    .

Icruised the Pacific Ocean.

! Ѡ  ?

Wow! Who did you go with?

 . Ӡ   .

My husband. We had adouble-berth cabin.

   ?

Was it abig ship?

, .    ?

Yes, it was huge. Would you like totravel like that?

,    .    !

No, there will always be waves inthe ocean. Isuffer from seasickness!









* **


New Words

sail  

ship 

cruise  

pacific ; 

ocean 

double-berth  

cabin ; 

big 

huge 

always 

wave ; 

suffer 

seasickness  



* **


Phrases

Have you ever  -

sail on aship  

sail inaboat  

down the river  

double-berth cabin  

suffer from 



* **


 :

1.Have you ever sailed on aship?

2. No, only inasmall boat down the river.You?

3. Icruised the Pacific Ocean.

4. Wow! Who did you go with?

5. My husband. We had adouble-berth cabin.

6. Was it abig ship?

7. Yes, it was huge. Would you like totravel like that?

8. No, there will always be waves inthe ocean. Isuffer from seasickness!



* **


  :

1. -  ?

2. ,    . ?

3.     .

4. ! Ѡ  ?

5.  . Ӡ   .

6.    ?

7. , .    ?

8. ,    .    !




82.What fuel is used inaircraft engines?


    ?

What fuel is used inaircraft engines?

    .

Liquid fuel called kerosene.

      ?

Can it be used as an energy source at home?

        .

Inthe past, it was widely used inlamps and for cooking.

   ?

What fuel do ships runon?

   .      .

Modern ships use fuel oil. Acentury ago, ships were powered bycoal.

   ?

What powers trains?

    .       .

It used tobe wood and coal. Today, it is liquid or gas fuel and electricity.









* **


New Words

fuel 

aircraft 

engine 

liquid 

kerosene 

energy 

source 

widely 

lamp  

cooking 

modern 

oil ; 

century

coal 

wood 

electricity 



* **


Phrases

aircraft engine  

liquid fuel  

energy source  

widely used in  

run on  () -.

fuel oil ;  

acentury ago  

powered by   () -.



* **


 :

1.What fuel is used inaircraft engines?

2. Liquid fuel called kerosene.

3. Can it be used as an energy source at home?

4. Inthe past, it was widely used inlamps and for cooking.

5. What fuel do ships runon?

6. Modern ships use fuel oil. Acentury ago, ships were powered bycoal.

7. What powers trains?

8. It used tobe wood and coal. Today, it is liquid or gas fuel and electricity.



* **


  :

1.    ?

2.     .

3.       ?

4.         .

5.    ?

6.    .      .

7.    ?

8.     .       .




83.What is the underground railroad called inLondon?


     ?

What is the underground railroad called inLondon?

.   젖  .

The Tube. Some lines are round pipes there.

   ?

Is the London Underground crowded?

    .

Inrush hours, it is overcrowded.

  -   ?

Are there lots ofpassengers inthe New York subway,too?

,   .    .    !

Yes. Its noisy and unsafe. Standing on the edge ofthe platform is risky. You might fall onto the tracks!

  ?

Are there no barriers?

.       !

None. The authorities should install screen doors on all platforms!









* **


New Words

underground ;  ; 

railroad  

tube ; ; 

line 

round 

pipe ; ; ; 

crowd ; 

crowded ,,  

rush ; ; 

overcrowd  () 

overcrowded  () 

lots 

passenger 

noisy 

unsafe , 

standing 

edge

platform 

risky 

onto ; ()   -.

barrier 

none ; 

authority ; ;  

install ; 

screen ; 



* **


Phrases

underground railroad   

the Tube  ()

round pipe  

rush hour 

lots of  () -.

on the edge of  () -.

fall onto 

no barrier  

install screen doors   



* **


 :

1.What is the underground railroad called inLondon?

2. The Tube. Some lines are round pipes there.

3. Is the London Underground crowded?

4. Inrush hours, it is overcrowded.

5. Are there lots ofpassengers inthe New York subway,too?

6. Yes. Its noisy and unsafe. Standing on the edge ofthe platform is risky. You might fall onto the tracks!

7. Are there no barriers?

8. None. The authorities should install screen doors on all platforms!



* **


  :

1.     ?

2. .     .

3.    ?

4.     .

5.   -   ?

6. ,   .    .    !

7.   ?

8. .       !




84.Is atanker intended tocarry army tanks?


    ?

Is atanker intended tocarry army tanks?

,     .    ,    .

No, the ship is atank itself. It carries various cargoes, mainly liquids or gases.

    ?

Where do the sea routes oftankerslie?

,  .  .

Everywhere, inall oceans. The routes are not fixed.

    ?

Where are the ships loaded and unloaded?

    .

At ports ofexport and import.

  ?

What is the cargo capacity oftankers?

    .

From afew hundred toseveral thousand tons.









* **


New Words

tanker 

intend 

carry , 

tank ; ; ; 

itself  ()  

various , 

cargo

cargoes 

sea

route 

lie ; ; 

everywhere  

fix ; ; 

unload 

port

export ; 

import ; 

capacity ; 

thousand 

ton 



* **


Phrases

intended tocarry   

atank itself  () 

various cargoes  

liquids or gases  

sea route 

loaded and unloaded  

export and import  

cargo capacity 

afew hundred tons  

several thousand tons  



* **


 :

1.Is atanker intended tocarry army tanks?

2. No, the ship is atank itself. It carries various cargoes, mainly liquids or gases.

3. Where do the sea routes oftankerslie?

4. Everywhere, inall oceans. The routes are not fixed.

5. Where are the ships loaded and unloaded?

6. At ports ofexport and import.

7. What is the cargo capacity oftankers?

8. From afew hundred toseveral thousand tons.



* **


  :

1.    ?

2. ,     .    ,    .

3.     ?

4. ,  .  .

5.     ?

6.     .

7.   ?

8.     .




85.How many airlines are there inthe world?


   ?

How many airlines are there inthe world?

  .      .

Over five thousand. Their number is increasing rapidly all over the world.

       ?

What companies fly tothe most destinations worldwide?

  蠓  .

American Airlines and China Eastern Airlines.

   ?

How often do airplanes crash?

 . ,  .     .

Just once. Calm down, its ajoke. Actually, plane crashes are rare.

  ,    ?

If aplane is damaged, can it land on water?

  .   !

Sometimes it happens. Many passengers survive!









* **


New Words

airline 

world , , 

increase 

rapidly 

destination  

worldwide 

American ; ; 

China 

eastern 

airplane 

crash ; 

calm ; ; 

joke ; 

actually 

land ; 

survive 



* **


Phrases

inthe world 

five thousand  

all over the world 

What companies fly to   

fly to 

the most destinations  

American Airlines  

China Eastern Airlines   

just once 

calm down 

plane crash  

land on water  

many passengers  



* **


 :

1.How many airlines are there inthe world?

2. Over five thousand. Their number is increasing rapidly all over the world.

3. What companies fly tothe most destinations worldwide?

4. American Airlines and China Eastern Airlines.

5. How often do airplanes crash?

6. Just once. Calm down, its ajoke. Actually, plane crashes are rare.

7. If aplane is damaged, can it land on water?

8. Sometimes it happens. Many passengers survive!



* **


  :

1.   ?

2.   .      .

3.        ?

4.   蠓  .

5.    ?

6.  . ,  .     .

7.   ,    ?

8.   .   !




Purchases







86.Do you have any money?


Ӡ  ?

Do you have any money?

.   ?

Alittle. Why are you asking?

    .

We need tobuy some groceries at the store.

 ?

What groceries?

  .

Flour and butter.

 .   ?

Ill buy them. What else do we need?

 .

Oatmeal and napkins.

  .    ?

My money wont be enough. Can you give me some?









* **


New Words

purchase ; 

flour

butter  

oatmeal ;

napkin 



* **


Phrases

any money  

need tobuy  

some groceries  

at the store 

be enough  

give me 



* **


 :

1.Do you have any money?

2. Alittle. Why are you asking?

3. We need tobuy some groceries at the store.

4. What groceries?

5. Flour and butter.

6. Ill buy them. What else do we need?

7. Oatmeal and napkins.

8. My money wont be enough. Can you give me some?



* **


  :

1.Ӡ  ?

2. .   ?

3.     .

4.  ?

5.   .

6.  .   ?

7.  .

8.   .    ?




87.Buy some washing powder, please!


  , !

Buy some washing powder, please!

Ӡ   ?

Dont we have the powder at home?

, .  .

No, its out. Soap,too.

.   ?

Good. What else shall Ibuy?

  .

Batteries for the flashlight.

  ?

Where are they sold?

 ,  .

Right at the cashiers desk, Ithink.

,  .

Okay, Ill ask the cashier.









* **


New Words

washing ; ; 

powder ; ; 

soap

flashlight 

sold  (sell ) 

cashier 



* **


Phrases

washing powder  

at home

its out ()  -.

right at 

cashiers desk  ()   



* **


 :

1.Buy some washing powder, please!

2. Dont we have the powder at home?

3. No, its out. Soap,too.

4. Good. What else shall Ibuy?

5. Batteries for the flashlight.

6. Where are they sold?

7. Right at the cashiers desk, Ithink.

8. Okay, Ill ask the cashier.



* **


  :

1.  , !

2. Ӡ   ?

3. , .  .

4. .   ?

5.   .

6.   ?

7.  ,  .

8. ,  .




88.How much is apound ofnuts?


   ?

How much is apound ofnuts?

  .

Thirty-eight dollars.

 , !

Weigh half apound, please!

-?

Anything else?

, .

No, thatsall.

 , !

Nineteen dollars, please!

 .

Here is twenty.

  !

Here is your change!









* **


New Words

pound

nut

thirty-eight  

dollar 

weigh , 

twenty 



* **


Phrases

How much is  

apound ofnuts  

half apound 

Here is

here is the change  

keep the change  



* **


 :

1.How much is apound ofnuts?

2. Thirty-eight dollars.

3. Weigh half apound, please!

4. Anything else?

5. No, thatsall.

6. Nineteen dollars, please!

7. Here is twenty.

8. Here is your change!



* **


  :

1.   ?

2.   .

3.  , !

4. -?

5. , .

6.  , !

7.  .

8.   !




89.Give me apacket ofchips, please!


   , !

Give me apacket ofchips, please!

Ѡ ?

From which shelf?

Ѡ.

From the topone.

?

What else?

   .

Abox ofcandies from the bottom shelf.

, .

Here yougo.

   ?

How much does it all cost?

 , !

Seventeen dollars, please!









* **


New Words

packet 

chip  ; ;

shelf 

top ; 

candy 

candies 

bottom ;

seventeen 



* **


Phrases

apacket ofchips  

abox ofcandies  



* **


 :

1.Give me apacket ofchips, please!

2. From which shelf?

3. From the topone.

4. What else?

5. Abox ofcandies from the bottom shelf.

6. Here yougo.

7. How much does it all cost?

8. Seventeen dollars, please!



* **


  :

1.   , !

2. Ѡ ?

3. Ѡ.

4. ?

5.    .

6. , .

7.    ?

8.  , !




90.How much do fifteen gallons ofgas cost?


    ?

How much do fifteen gallons ofgas cost?

    .

Thirty dollars and forty-two cents.

   ?

Can Ipay incash?

.

Ofcourse.

! ,    .

Wait aminute! Ithink Iforgot the money at home.

   .   .

There is no need togo home. You can pay with acard.

  ?

Is that the card reader?

,    .

Yes, place your card againstit.









* **


New Words

gallon 

thirty 

forty-two 

cent

reader ; 



* **


Phrases

fifteen gallons ofgas   

pay incash  

no need togo 

pay with acard  

card reader 



* **


 :

1.How much do fifteen gallons ofgas cost?

2. Thirty dollars and forty-two cents.

3. Can Ipay incash?

4. Ofcourse.

5. Wait aminute! Ithink Iforgot the money at home.

6. There is no need togo home. You can pay with acard.

7. Is that the card reader?

8. Yes, place your card againstit.



* **


  :

1.    ?

2.     .

3.    ?

4. .

5. ! ,    .

6.    .   .

7.   ?

8. ,    .




91.Is this house for sale?


  ?

Is this house for sale?

.    ?

Yes. Do you want tobuyit?

.   ?

Maybe. How much does it cost?

  .

Three hundred thousand dollars.

  !

Its too expensive!

  ?

How much would youpay?

 .

Half as much.

,    !

No, that would be too cheap!









* **


New Words

sale 



* **


Phrases

for sale 

three hundred thousand  

too expensive  

half as much  

too cheap  



* **


 :

1.Is this house for sale?

2. Yes. Do you want tobuyit?

3. Maybe. How much does it cost?

4. Three hundred thousand dollars.

5. Its too expensive!

6. How much would youpay?

7. Half as much.

8. No, that would be too cheap!



* **


  :

1.  ?

2. .    ?

3. .   ?

4.   .

5.   !

6.   ?

7.  .

8. ,    !




92.What is the actual cost ofahouse?


   ?

What is the actual cost ofahouse?

,       .

Well, its the price ofthe house itself plus other fees.

 ?

What fees?

-,   . -,  .

Firstly, the real estate agents commission. Secondly, property taxes.

  - ,    ?

Do Igain any advantages if Ibuy without arealtor?

 .     .

Intheory, yes. Inpractice, you can run into problems.

     ?

What other payments do Ineed tomake?

  .

Home maintenance and repairs.









* **


New Words

actual 

price

plus

fee ; ; 

firstly  

estate ; 

agent 

commission 

secondly -

property ; ; 

tax 

gain ; 

realtor 

theory 

practice ; 

payment 

maintenance  ; ; 



* **


Phrases

actual cost  

price ofthe house 

other fees  

agents commission  

property taxes  

gain advantages  

intheory 

inpractice 

run into problems  

other payments  

home maintenance 

home repairs 



* **


 :

1.What is the actual cost ofahouse?

2. Well, its the price ofthe house itself plus other fees.

3. What fees?

4. Firstly, the real estate agents commission. Secondly, property taxes.

5. Do Igain any advantages if Ibuy without arealtor?

6. Intheory, yes. Inpractice, you can run into problems.

7. What other payments do Ineed tomake?

8. Home maintenance and repairs.



* **


  :

1.   ?

2. ,       .

3.  ?

4. -,   . -,  .

5.   - ,    ?

6.  .     .

7.      ?

8.   .




93.Are credit cards used for everyday purchases?


     ?

Are credit cards used for everyday purchases?

,  ,    .

Yes, but be careful, otherwise you can get into debt.

  ?

Do banks forgive debts?

.   ,    .

Rarely. Therefore, dont spend more than you can afford.

   ?

How do Idetermine my limit?

    .

Use limited amounts on all occasions.

   ,   .    ?

Alot ofpeople cant do that, nor can I. Should Iclose my bank account?

,     .  ,    !

On the contrary, you ought toopen one more. Use it toset aside money for the future!









* **


New Words

credit ; 

everyday ; 

otherwise 

debt

bank

forgive 

rarely 

therefore , 

spend , 

afford   () -.

determine 

limit ; 

limited 

amount , 

occasion ; 

nor , ; 

account  () 

contrary ; 

ought 

set ; ; 

aside ; 

future 



* **


Phrases

credit card  

get into debt  

forgive debts  

more than you can afford ,     

limited amounts  

on all occasions   

bank account 

on the contrary 

you ought to  

one more 

set aside money  

for the future 



* **


 :

1.Are credit cards used for everyday purchases?

2. Yes, but be careful, otherwise you can get into debt.

3. Do banks forgive debts?

4. Rarely. Therefore, dont spend more than you can afford.

5. How do Idetermine my limit?

6. Use limited amounts on all occasions.

7. Alot ofpeople cant do that, nor can I. Should Iclose my bank account?

8. On the contrary, you ought toopen one more. Use it toset aside money for the future!



* **


  :

1.     ?

2. ,  ,    .

3.   ?

4. .   ,    .

5.    ?

6.     .

7.    ,   .    ?

8. ,     .  ,    !




Daily Routine







94.Good morning! Are you inbedyet?


 !   ?  !

Good morning! Are you inbed yet? Its time togetup!

( .)

(No answer.)

 ?

Are you sleeping?

( .)

(No answer.)

, !

Wake up,son!

 . ?

Ihave woken up. What time is itnow?

  .  !

Look at the wall clock. Its eight inthe morning!

׸ ,  !

Oh, hell, Ioverslept!









* **


New Words

daily 

routine  ; 

answer ; 

wake ; 

woken  (wake) 

clock  () , 

hell , 

oversleep 

overslept 



* **


Phrases

inbed 

no answer  

wake up 

look at 

wall clock 

eight inthe morning 



* **


 :

1.Good morning! Are you inbed yet? Its time togetup!

2. (No answer.)

3. Are you sleeping?

4. (No answer.)

5. Wake up,son!

6. Ihave woken up. What time is itnow?

7. Look at the wall clock. Its eight inthe morning!

8. Oh, hell, Ioverslept!



* **


  :

1. !   ?  !

2. ( .)

3.  ?

4. ( .)

5. , !

6.  . ?

7.   .  !

8. ׸ ,  !




95.Are you asleep?


 ?

Are you asleep?

.   ?

No. Why are you whispering?

 ,  .

Ithought you were sleeping.

     .    ?

Currently Im having aconversation with you. What do you want tosay?

   !    ?

Its nearly nine inthe morning! Didnt you hear the alarm-clock ringing?

 .     .

It didnt ring. Ialtered the time setting yesterday.

   ?

What option did you choose?

 .      .

Ten inthe morning. Ilove tobreak the routine occasionally.









* **


New Words

asleep 

whisper ; 

thought  (think ) 

currently ,  

conversation , 

nearly 

nine 

alarm-clock 

alter , 

setting , , 

yesterday 

option , 

occasionally ,  



* **


Phrases

be asleep 

nearly nine  

hear the alarm-clock ringing   

time setting  

break the routine   



* **


 :

1.Are you asleep?

2. No. Why are you whispering?

3. Ithought you were sleeping.

4. Currently Im having aconversation with you. What do you want tosay?

5. Its nearly nine inthe morning! Didnt you hear the alarm-clock ringing?

6. It didnt ring. Ialtered the time setting yesterday.

7. What option did you choose?

8. Ten inthe morning. Ilove tobreak the routine occasionally.



* **


  :

1. ?

2. .   ?

3.  ,  .

4.      .    ?

5.    !    ?

6.  .     .

7.    ?

8.  .      .




96.Have you got upyet?


  ?

Have you got upyet?

.

Yes, Ihave.

 .

Make thebed.

  .

Ihave madeit.

 .   !

Go tothe bathroom. Dont forget toflush the toilet!

. .

Ive been there. Ive flushedit.

?

Have you got dressed?

 . !

Not yet. Im getting dressed!









* **


New Words

flush  ; , 

toilet 



* **


Phrases

make the bed  

dont forget to  ()  -

flush the toilet  

get dressed 



* **


 :

1.Have you got upyet?

2. Yes, Ihave.

3. Make thebed.

4. Ihave madeit.

5. Go tothe bathroom. Dont forget toflush the toilet!

6. Ive been there. Ive flushedit.

7. Have you got dressed?

8. Not yet. Im getting dressed!



* **


  :

1.  ?

2..

3.  .

4.   .

5.  .   !

6. . .

7. ?

8.  . !




97.What amess! Whose towel is on the floor?


 !   ?

What amess! Whose towel is on the floor?

.  .

Its mine. Itook ashower.

    ?

Who left the toothpaste tube on the sink?

  .

My little sisterdid.

   ?

Is that her toothbrush?

,.

Yes, its hers.

     !

You two need toclean up here!

   .      !

Ill remove my towel. Let her clear her things herself!









* **


New Words

mess 

towel 

floor

took  (take , ) 

shower

toothpaste  

sink 

toothbrush  

hers

clean ; 

remove , 

clear ; 

herself



* **


Phrases

take ashower 

toothpaste tube   

on the sink 

clean up 

clear her things   ()



* **


 :

1.What amess! Whose towel is on the floor?

2. Its mine. Itook ashower.

3. Who left the toothpaste tube on the sink?

4. My little sisterdid.

5. Is that her toothbrush?

6. Yes, its hers.

7. You two need toclean up here!

8. Ill remove my towel. Let her clear her things herself!



* **


  :

1. !   ?

2. .  .

3.     ?

4.   .

5.    ?

6. ,.

7.      !

8.    .      !




98.What time do you wake up at usually?


   ?

What time do you wake up at usually?

 ,  .

At half past six, but Iget up at seven.

   ?

Who makes breakfast foryou?

  !

Icook it bymyself.

   ?

What time does your wife getup?

 .

At half past nine.

  ?

Why so late?

  .

She goes tobed late.









* **


New Words

breakfast 

goes ,  (go , ) 



* **


Phrases

What time do you 

at half past six  

get up at seven  

make breakfast  

cook bymyself  

so late  

go tobed late   



* **


 :

1.What time do you wake up at usually?

2. At half past six, but Iget up at seven.

3. Who makes breakfast foryou?

4. Icook it bymyself.

5. What time does your wife getup?

6. At half past nine.

7. Why so late?

8. She goes tobed late.



* **


  :

1.   ?

2.  ,  .

3.    ?

4.   !

5.    ?

6.  .

7.   ?

8.   .




99.Breakfast is ready. Come and getit!


 .  !

Breakfast is ready. Come and getit!

.    ?

Im on my way. Whats for breakfast today?

  .  !

Cheese and ham sandwiches. Sit down andeat!

   ?

Why dont you eat yourself?

.  .

Idont want to. Im not hungry.

-  ?

Will you have adrink at least?

    .

Ive already had aglass ofmilk.

  , !

Pour me some milk, too, please!









* **


New Words

ready 

cheese

ham 

sit 

least 

milk 

pour 



* **


Phrases

on my way  , 

for breakfast 

sit down 

have adrink 

at least  , 

aglass ofmilk  

pour me some milk    



* **


 :

1.Breakfast is ready. Come and getit!

2. Im on my way. Whats for breakfast today?

3. Cheese and ham sandwiches. Sit down andeat!

4. Why dont you eat yourself?

5. Idont want to. Im not hungry.

6. Will you have adrink at least?

7. Ive already had aglass ofmilk.

8. Pour me some milk, too, please!



* **


  :

1. .  !

2. .    ?

3.   .  !

4.    ?

5. .  .

6. -  ?

7.     .

8.   , !




100.How many times aday do youeat?


    ?

How many times aday do youeat?

 .

Four times.

  ?

What time do you have breakfast?

  .

At eight inthe morning.

 ?

What time is lunch?

  .

At twelve-thirty.

?

What about dinner?

  .  ,    !

At seven oclock inthe evening. Inaddition, we have asnack at about five.









* **


New Words

lunch

twelve-thirty 12.30

dinner

snack  



* **


Phrases

times aday ()   -

four times 

have asnack 

at about five 



* **


 :

1.How many times aday do youeat?

2. Four times.

3. What time do you have breakfast?

4. At eight inthe morning.

5. What time is lunch?

6. At twelve-thirty.

7. What about dinner?

8. At seven oclock inthe evening. Inaddition, we have asnack at about five.



* **


  :

1.    ?

2.  .

3.   ?

4.   .

5.  ?

6.   .

7. ?

8.   .  ,    !




101.How often do you do the cleaning?


    ?

How often do you do the cleaning?

 .

Every week.

  ?

Who wipes the dust?

 .

Our childrendo.

  ?

Who washes the floors?

ߠ.

Ido.

  ?

Who vacuums the carpets?

.

My husband does.









* **


New Words

cleaning 

wipe 

dust

wash , 

vacuum ;  

carpet 



* **


Phrases

do the cleaning  

every week  



* **


 :

1.How often do you do the cleaning?

2. Every week.

3. Who wipes the dust?

4. Our childrendo.

5. Who washes the floors?

6. Ido.

7. Who vacuums the carpets?

8. My husband does.



* **


  :

1.    ?

2.  .

3.   ?

4.  .

5.   ?

6. ߠ.

7.   ?

8. .




102.Do your parents urge you toclean up your room?


     ?

Do your parents urge you toclean up your room?

  .   .

Ineed no urging. Itake out the trash myself.

 ?

Who sweeps the floor?

.  ,     .

Ido. Besides, Irub the furniture with adamp cloth.

  ?

Do you also change the sheets?

,   .

Yes, and Ibrush my carpet.

  -  ?

Do you do anything for your parents?

.    ,  . ,     .

Sometimes. My mom loves sewing, but shes short-sighted. Thus, Ithread aneedle forher.









* **


New Words

urge , 

room 

urging 

trash 

sweep 

rub 

furniture 

damp 

cloth 

sheet 

brush 

sew

sewing 

short-sighted 

thus  

thread ; 

needle 



* **


Phrases

take out the trash  

sweep the floor 

rub the furniture with   () -.

damp cloth  

change the sheets  

brush the carpet   

love sewing  

thread aneedle   



* **


 :

1.Do your parents urge you toclean up your room?

2. Ineed no urging. Itake out the trash myself.

3. Who sweeps the floor?

4. Ido. Besides, Irub the furniture with adamp cloth.

5. Do you also change the sheets?

6. Yes, and Ibrush my carpet.

7. Do you do anything for your parents?

8. Sometimes. My mom loves sewing, but shes short-sighted. Thus, Ithread aneedle forher.



* **


  :

1.     ?

2.   .   .

3.  ?

4. .  ,     .

5.   ?

6. ,   .

7.   -  ?

8. .    ,  . ,     .




103.Can you come into the kitchennow?


   ?

Can you come into the kitchennow?

 ?

What has happened?

 , .  .

Replace the light bulb, please. The old one has burntout.

Ӡ   ?

Do we have any new bulbs?

,  .

Idont know, look at the shelf.

, . !

Yes, there are some. Iwill replaceit.

   !

First turn off the lights inthe kitchen!

, .

Iwill turn it off, dont worry.









* **


New Words

replace 

bulb 

burnt  (burn ) 



* **


Phrases

come into the kitchen  

light bulb 

burnt out 

turn off the lights 



* **


 :

1.Can you come into the kitchennow?

2. What has happened?

3. Replace the light bulb, please. The old one has burntout.

4. Do we have any new bulbs?

5. Idont know, look at the shelf.

6. Yes, there are some. Iwill replaceit.

7. First turn off the lights inthe kitchen!

8. Iwill turn it off, dont worry.



* **


  :

1.   ?

2.  ?

3.  , .  .

4. Ӡ   ?

5. ,  .

6. , . !

7.    !

8. , .




104.Go tothe grocery store, please


  , .

Go tothe grocery store, please.

.  ?

Okay. What should Ibuy?

 ,  .

First ofall, bread and salt.

?

What else?

  .  ,   .

Three pounds ofsausage. Make sure that it is fresh!

?

Is thatall?

 .  ?

Half apound ofcheese. Have you memorized everything?

,   !

Yes, Ihave agreat memory!









* **


New Words

bread

salt

sausage , 

fresh 

memorize , 

memory 



* **


Phrases

bread and salt  

three pounds of   () -.

Make sure that  ,

half apound of  () -.

memorize everything 

agreat memory  



* **


 :

1.Go tothe grocery store, please.

2. Okay. What should Ibuy?

3. First ofall, bread and salt.

4. What else?

5. Three pounds ofsausage. Make sure that it is fresh!

6. Is thatall?

7. Half apound ofcheese. Have you memorized everything?

8. Yes, Ihave agreat memory!



* **


  :

1.  , .

2. .  ?

3.  ,  .

4. ?

5.   .  ,   .

6. ?

7.  .  ?

8. ,   !




105.Will you help me set the table?


    ?

Will you help me set the table?

, !   ?

Iwill, ofcourse! What should Ido?

  .

Get the plates out ofthe cupboard.

.   ?

Got them. Do we need cups,too?

.    .

Yes. Arrange the plates and cups on the table.

.   ?

Ihave arranged them. Shall Iget some forks and spoons?

. Ƞ .    .

Yes, as well as knives. Put them near the plates.

!  !

Thats all! The table isset!









* **


New Words

table

plate ; ; 

cupboard 

arrange ; 

fork 

spoon 

knife

knives

near , 



* **


Phrases

set the table  

get the plates out of  

arrange on the table  

forks and spoons  

put them near the plates    



* **


 :

1.Will you help me set the table?

2. Iwill, ofcourse! What should Ido?

3. Get the plates out ofthe cupboard.

4. Got them. Do we need cups,too?

5. Yes. Arrange the plates and cups on the table.

6. Ihave arranged them. Shall Iget some forks and spoons?

7. Yes, as well as knives. Put them near the plates.

8. Thats all! The table isset!



* **


  :

1.    ?

2. , !   ?

3.   .

4. .   ?

5. .    .

6. .   ?

7. . Ƞ .    .

8. !  !




106.What do you do on weekdays?


   ?

What do you do on weekdays?

 .

Igo towork.

  ?

How long do you work?

  .

Eight hours aday.

   ?

Do your children go toschool?

,    .

Yes, but they come back before Ido.

  ?

Does your husband work,too?

.   .

Yes, he comes back later.









* **


New Words

weekday 

later 



* **


Phrases

go towork  

go toschool  

come back 



* **


 :

1.What do you do on weekdays?

2. Igo towork.




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/book/arcun-akopyan-323780/speak-dialogi-na-angliyskom-yazyke-s-perevodom-i-upra-67333895/)  .

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