   Ƞ  . STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OFCHROMOSOMES AND BLOOD CELL DIFFERENTIATION
  

  


     -        Rattus norvegicus.              , ,   ,       ,      .     , , , , .





   Ƞ  

STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OFCHROMOSOMES AND BLOOD CELL DIFFERENTIATION

  

  





  ,2020

  ,2020

ISBN978-5-4498-0090-9

     Ridero




.., ..

     

STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OFCHROMOSOMES

AND BLOOD CELL DIFFERENTIATION

2019

      

2019

 611.08      4422012..

 52.5      

 121     

..

 121     :        / .., ... .

 Ridero, 2019. 172.

      -        Rattus norvegicus.                 .       ,    .

              .  ,                 ,   ,   .

    , ,  .

The monograph presents the experimental and theoretical studies on the structural and functional organization ofchromosomes from the population ofthe bone marrow cells ofthe Rattus norvegicus mammal. The discovery oftransformations inthe structure ofthe two pairs ofchromosomes made it possible toidentify the three types ofsets ofchromosomes and their relationship with the differentiation ofthe hematopoietic cells. As aresult, the chromosomal determination ofthe differentiation ofleukocyte, erythroid and megakaryocytic rows ofblood was found.

The discovery introduces the new ideas about the karyotype and the role ofmetaphase chromosome structures inthe transformation ofstem cell genomes into specialized ones. Inaddition, it gives the new knowledge about the formation ofthe three types ofchromosomal markers at different stages ofontogenesis and about the relationship between the intensity ofthis process and the physiological state depending on the factors affecting the needs and capabilities ofthe body.

The book shall be ofinterest togeneticists, hematologists, physiologists, and biologists.

 611.08

ʠ52.5

















		 ..,2019
		  .,2019







      Rattus norvegicus,   ,    -       .         .     ,    .

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  -                        ,        .       ,     .     -         .

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Introduction


We were the first toexperimentally discover arepresentative ofclass Mammalia inRattus norvegicus rats, apreviously unknown phenomenon ofstructural and functional transformations ofmetaphase chromosomes inthe population ofbone marrow cells. As aresult, the three types ofsets ofchromosomes were identified ineach subject. And afterwards, the laws oftheir formation depending on the physiological state ofthe body were revealed.

The three varieties ofthe sets ofchromosomes have acertain constructive meaning for the processes ofdifferentiation ofhematopoietic cells, which was proved experimentally and interpreted from the standpoint ofthe existing scientific knowledge.

The opened regularities ofthe structural and functional transformations ofchromosomes inthe population ofthe bone marrow cells and the chromosomal determination ofthe three hematopoietic cell sprouts at different age stages oflife and physiological models clarify the knowledge about the polymorphism ofthe metaphase chromosomes and karyotype, as well as the method ofimplementation ofthe genetic program ofstem cells transforming into specialized ones. It is important for the hematology and the further development ofcytogenetics, and it expands the understanding ofthe state ofphysiology and health. The paper reveals the relationship ofthe structural and functional organization ofthe metaphase chromosomal sets with the formation ofblood cells and with the physiology ofthe body.

Prior toour studies inhematology, it was only known that the original proliferating cells did not differ inmorphology. Consequently, the revealed differences at the level ofthe metaphase chromosomal sets ofproliferating cells allow us tostudy hematopoiesis at an earlier stage incomparison with leukocytes, erythrocytes and megakaryocytes recognized bymorphology. Inaddition, the information on the new method for implementing genetic information inthe ontogenesis ofthe body made it possible todevelop amethod for determining the state ofbone marrow hematopoiesis at the chromosomal level, which is essential for hematology, medicine, and cytogenetics.

It is possible touse the new phenomenon and the regularities ofthe formation ofthe three types ofmetaphase chromosomal sets according tothe needs ofthe body for life support toassess hematopoiesis and the physiological state ofthe body, as well as toconduct studies on adaptation tofactors ofdifferent nature and strength inorder toidentify the conditions torestore the human health.




1


   

  

                 (.., 1974; .., .., 1975; .., .., 1983; .., 1989; HungerfordD.A., Nowell.1963; Yosida.H., Amano K, 1965),        .                (.., 1974; .., B.C1978; .., .., 1983; ., 1976, 1985),     . C.,  . ., .

Ӡ Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout,   ,      .            42    .       ,       ,  1963 (HungerfordD.A., Nowell.C, 1963).          : ,  .    410    .     1113 ,   1420  .    7  , 5  9 . .

 , 1973,        ,     ,    ,      (Standard Karuotype, 1973).   1213    .     7  , 2 , 3  9 .

   . ,      2  11 (Yosida.H., Amano K, 1965; Yosida.H., 1973),   3  10 (.., .., 1975; YosidaT.H., Sagai T., 1973),  4  9 (Kral ., 1972),  5  8  (.., B.C1978). Ƞ    . . .,

 ,        : 3, 1213  .           ,      (.., ..,1967.., ..,1975; .., 1980; Yosida.H., Amano K 1965; Yosida.H., 1973, 1979).  ,                ,    -   . ; .

            .        -          Rattus norvegicus,   .               .       ,   ,              .                ,         .            .

                            ,      ,   .   ,       (.., 1979; .., 1984; .., 1985; .., 1988). ,               .

      ,         ,     ,   .           (.., 1991).

    ,                       ,        .  ,       ,  .

    ,    Rattus norvegicus                      ,       .       .

 

  : ..            II    , 1986.      -                 1986: ..-           //   . 1986. 3. . 7880.

          /    // . 1988. 11. .40,      .

 1990     : , .., , ..        //. 1990. .26. . 18581864.

         :

, ..        .   V     . ., 1987. .293.

, ..          . //    л, . 318, 1, 1991. . 217220.

, .., , ..Π  -        . //   ͻ, 1, 1992. . 130134.

, ..        . //  , 1, 1995. . 3233.

, .., , .., , .. -       Rattus norvegicus. // . . . . . 2011, 1. .200 204,  .

       ,     ,              : .., .., ..          //     . , 2024 2000.  . -    .

  ..      : .. 1697747. 2. 1991. . 48      -           .

  : .., .., .., .. -        /  442.   13 1985. (   ).  5543 2012.

 

   -          ,                 .    ,   ,  ,              .               .

         ,         ,     ,  .

Ӡ       42        .      .  I 26 14,  II  2416 III 2218,          .

     1819              . ,              .

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 2

  





2.1.  


      Rattus norvegicus     ,       蠫  (.1),     .       500.

. 1.   (Rattus norvegicus)    -  

    

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2.2.    


   .                   4 100 .      (.., .., .., 1972).                 .         ,  .     ,      .        ,    .   

  .. (1970) .. (1972)           1 100 .   

     (..,  ., 1967).       0,09,        ,      .         ,    1c/c,   0,6.      0,70.,   9.   .        1.    







1

    

(.., M.., 1988)









2.3.      


   (.., .., .., 1976)    .         45 2   1 1 .     ,         0,075   ,  37 ,    30.       1000/  5,       67         3:1. ,      1,   ,   15 20  .        .      2 ,        ,    .   .  

       25   .    10%-  ,     1:2    199.      0,01  Difco P 5  .     37Ѡ72. 2      0,25 1 .     (.., .., .., .., 1982).           .    

   .    

   0,1%     .     : 6 , 3  9  ,     15.      .  ,      -.     ,     10 15.   

    .. .. (1978).       10 15,     .     200,01%     Spofa,     .    -   1:10  ( 7,0).        .  G -

   ..  (1982)       .   G-  10   0,30,5 0,01%  ,        .

 G-       ,         .      - ,            .            ...  (1982)  ,           .

  -    (Sumner.., EvansH.J., BucklandR.A., 1971; SumnerA.T., 1972).    0,2     1,       Ba (OH)510   .        2xSSC (0,3 NaCl 0,3  ,  7,0)  60 1 1,5     .      -    ͠6,8.  -







-     .        35   ,   () 5  2xSSC 1. 




 ,   (B.., .., .., 1976),    2050.   ,     ,   .                   .    

     , -1, -6, JENAVAL.        ,    .         ,     .

            .           (-.., 1969; B.., .., .., 1976; Levan A., Fredga ., SandersonA.A., 1964).   ,       ,      ,     ,          .          :  젖 11,7,  1,73,  3,07,0 7 (B.., .., ..,1976).    

       (..,  ., .., .., 1982).    

    .     42 I 26 14,   II 2416 III 2218.  ,         .     

     (..,1970; B.., .., ..,1976),   (.., 1988),          .   

         - (..,1970).     -1  90   7,    -.       -  2.

      2 . ,    - 2           .  ,              .           ,       .            -,             -,    - (.2).

.2.   -

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         -300.      90, . 1,30, .10 15 .  

          ,    6000,     1000 (.., 1981).  











2.4.    


   -  .. (1979, 1985) 蠫 - ( ., 1963).   

    .       ,        - -.       .       6,87,0.   ,               .   (  6,8)   1%-   ,  (  7,0)  1%     ( ., 1963).   

       . ,      4  2  ,    13.

            500.

      ,    6000     1000. 

  .       ,      ,  .       (.., 1981).         ,  ,     .    

    1:203%-   ,  .    ,        100 ,   1/5,    2/5..    1.    ,  , ,       1.  (,    ,   5/2),   ( ., 1963).




2.5.  


      .. (1970), .., .. (1982).         ,        .         .

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 ,                 .            ,   .      ,   -1840(, 1991).     ,           .             (   )     .

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3-      





3.1.        


Ӡ             42(.., 1986, 1988, 1991; .., .., 1990; .., .., .., 2011),     .         -           Rattus norvegicus.              .

           ,    .         ,    (.. ., 1982).

    7 AG    ,       .    120,         1 6.                ,   .. (1980)   (YosidaT.H., Sagai T., 1973; Satoh R. ., 1989),  X   Y   .

     (. 3).   ,  Ѡ   ,     (1),      -  (2--6), Ѡ     (79).

    D       ,    (1012), 頖  (13 15).  F G     , F  V- , G .

,         A.       34,5,     5.

. 3.     

   

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 C         . Ӡ       ,    2 2,3, ,     .

 D E    ,    , D , E .

 F G    , F       , G    11,7.

    16  F  .     4,67,6,     .            : 1819,      .      F  G. Ѡ                G     I, II III.

 ,   : A, B, C, D E     .    F G         1819      .                 .      I: 26 14,  II: 24 16,  III: 22 18  ,  ,         (.., 1986, 1987, 1988, 1991; .., .., 1990; .., .., .., 2011).

    40 ,    I 9,  II 17 III 14.,       2   .         (.2).

2

    

     

> 0,999

                 (.., .., 1971; .., .., 1983).     .    20-   ,    4142,  . Ӡ   I, II III, ,  1,80,10; 1,80,061,90,06, 頖 1,70,12; 1,70,071,70,7 (> 0,999)     44%.            .

  A         0,20,3,   0,10,4%.   4,34,1      18,218,6%    I.   II III     .

  B,   2 6 ,       I: 3,82,3.   II   4,52,7  III 4,62,7 .           II III.

  Ѡ7- 9         I2,52,3,  II 2,82,4  III 2,82,6,     40%.    1619 III         43%.

  D E,     ,   ,  ,   .   I  2,32,12,22,0,  II 2,72,42,32,0,  III 2,72,42,52,2 .

       43%  I,  II III  46%.     2631 III           44%.

  F G,      ,     , :  I2,01,01,8 1,7,  II 2,41,61,91,7,  III 2,31,82,11,7. .   II III     . Ӡ  G       44,5%     .

Ӡ       III,   ,   I,   . ,  3940    I, , 1,2 0,061,0 0,05,  III     2,0 0,05.

 ,          I.   ,               I,      . Ӡ        .             . ..  (1974)   ,            - .

                  .       ,  .

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3.2.         


            4   .   52 ,       II (.5).

    16 .             (. 3).     .. (1989),  ,            ,   .

. 5.     

    

  ,  ,     (.., 1971; ..,1982),       II   .   ,      (..,1979, 1985),        .

           ,      .          4,20,121,10,05,    ࠖ 5,10,371,60,08       > 0,95P> 0,999.

        3.

        ,  G,      (t): 60,4; 61,937,5.

3

      

         4.           I 98,43,96   III 114,53,78,        92,72,16.         II  ,   112,14,16.

                 .

4

   

   

.   (1989) ,       .

      ,  ,            (.., 1984; .., .., .., 1987).       ,  ,       ⠖  II.   ,            ,   ,     .

                . ,            .

























3.3.       


            ,       .

Ѡ           G-    .       G-        ,   .            (.6).

     II ,      (. 6)         ,     .




  .


   .

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