# Planets and stars. The History of almost Everything

Lim Word

We love the Cosmos. We need the most important technical details – they are here. We need feelings and scope for imagination – this is taken into account in every possible way…

© Lim Word, 2018


ISBN 978-5-4490-9052-2

Created with Ridero smart publishing system

…The author is interested in cooperation with publishing houses in the compilation of the «History of almost Everything» in all fields of science and public life. Please look at my work. Sincerely, wordo-w@mail.ru …Лим Ворд

## The Sun

Demonstration characteristics. The diameter of 109 diameters of the Earth, the gravity at the surface, at the equator 28 earth. The core temperature is 1.5 million degrees, the second is the space velocity of 617 km. from.

Interesting studies of the Sun are conducted by the European apparatus SOlar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO), since 1995. In particular, it was this station that discovered exotic objects with the size of a slightly more terrestrial Moon above the North Pole of the Sun. The American STEREO project is also interesting – a bunch of two remote devices forming a stereoscopic image of «our» star.


…The Sun


It’s really hot here…


Emission of matter from the solar corona

## Mercury

The diameter of 4, 9 thousand kilometers, (about 0.4 terrestrial), the period of revolution around its axis 58 earth days. Variations of temperatures on the surface of the planet range from minus 190 C at night to plus 430 degrees during the day. Acceleration of free fall 3.7 m. sq., 2.5 times less than on Earth. The second space velocity is 4.25 km. from.

The equatorial rotation speed is just over 3 m. Thus, here is a note to the science fiction writers, from the onset of a sizzling day, an astronaut can leave at a rapid pace. Further pictures of the planet without comment, for a long psychedelic contemplation.


## Venus

Acceleration of free fall at the equator (gravity) is 0.9 terrestrial. The period of revolution around its own axis is 225 terrestrial days. The radius is 6052 km. The atmosphere consists almost entirely of carbon dioxide, clouds of sulfuric acid vapor are floating in the atmosphere. Atmospheric pressure is 92 terrestrial. In practice, a gas whose density is equal to 7% of the density of water is already some kind of liquid.

The temperature on the lower surface of such a gaseous ocean is 460 degrees Celsius. The atmosphere of Venus is involved in continuous circular motion. A complete revolution around the planet of a mass of carbon dioxide, at an altitude of 10—50 km. having a speed of about 100 ms. (at the surface – 1 ms) are performed in four days.

In the distant past, perhaps, Venus was quite suitable for inhabiting the known protein forms of life, the heavenly body. The maximum temperature on the surface reached barely 80 degrees Celsius, the atmosphere is rather sparse and transparent. However, a planetary catastrophe – a collision with a large asteroid or comet, perhaps the loss of a huge satellite – become a single planet, Mercury (there is such a version), all this changes. The morning star in one far from perfect moment changes the direction of movement around its axis, enveloped in a dense, corrosive atmosphere. Life, if it has ever been there, ceases.

Everything can be and not so bad. The photographic cameras of the Soviet probe «Venus», which produce images for one and a half hours (while the station was still «living») showed an interesting anomaly. Stones of a characteristic elongated shape, a few minutes after the loud landing of the apparatus, revealed themselves, as if bold oysters of the earth.

Whether this is so, or the appearance of cracks in the stones – a play of light and imagination, will clarify only further instrumental research.

Poetry:

On that faraway star, upon Venus
Where the Sun burns golden and brightly
And on Venus, ah… upon Venus
The blue leaves of trees they waft lightly

(Nikolay Gumilev)


Venus, view of the Earth’s telescope


Venus, the surface according to the infrared spectrometer of the European probe «Galileo».


The surface of Venus (probes «Venus-9» and «Venus-10.»)


The reconstructed image of the surface of Venus

## Planet Earth

The photographs of the night terrestrial surface from near-earth orbit are presented.


## Moon

…I suggest you just enjoy these pictures…


…In 1971, the astronauts of the mission «Apollo-14» drop to the moon the take-off stage of the lunar module. The previously installed seismographs record surface oscillations unusually long – about an hour and a half. These data allow the enthusiasts of the search for extraterrestrial intelligence to claim that the Moon is hollow… it has a shell made of titanium and, in fact, is a huge space station disguised as a natural celestial body… One of the confirmations of this version is the ideal circular orbit of the Moon. Almost all the satellites of all celestial bodies have an elliptical orbit, with the corresponding aphelion (the greatest distance from the «master») and the antagonistic perigee. The moon describes an ideal circle around the Earth. The first option – Selena created by the collision of the Earth and an object the size of Mars. This event is so unlikely that the version of the artificial origin of the moon against its background looks quite plausible.... It should be noted that some gravitational sphere of the attraction of the celestial body is a real, but not completely understandable, and even a paradoxical thing. Both the Earth and the Sun act simultaneously on the Moon. These forces are comparable. It is logical that the Sun should have stretched the orbit of Selena circling around the Earth at least somehow to itself. However, everything looks as if the Moon does not feel the heterogeneity of the Sun's gravity at all, "submitting" solely to its "mistress" – the Earth. The same applies to all other moons and planets.Strictly speaking, there is no general solution to the "three-body problem", that is, moving and simultaneously mutually attracting to each other celestial objects. This position, after many experienced astronomers creative torment, in the late nineteenth century proved the French mathematician Henri Poincare


Mission Apollo 20, according to the assurances of experts will be held in 1976. In addition to two American astronauts on board, there is also a Soviet cosmonaut Alexei Leonov. Missionaries penetrate into the dilapidated alien ship (its height is 500 m, length 4 km) and extract artifacts… The alien ship is on the reverse side of the Moon. Be that as it may, a mysterious spindle-shaped object is present on NASA official photos, and one’s existence awakens the imagination of researchers


Photographs of the surface of the moon disturb the mind and heart. Unfortunately, the whole mission of Apollo (worth 30 billion dollars, not devalued since the 60s), 6 expeditions, left us only a few dozen digitized photographs. There are also videos with a total duration of no more than 10 minutes. One way or another, the originals on the celluloid film are washed away «for reuse.» Really, very sorry. I would love to see a multi-hour film mounted from the records of missions: docking, undocking, descent, walking and moonlight, taking off… the retreating Moon and the approaching Earth. What does it mean to stay on the moon for three days… to fall asleep on the moon? I’m sure, dear reader, you have the same feelings.


The platform of the lunar ship «Apollo 18». The photo was taken by an automatic station from the near-moon orbit. With modern optics and excellent conditions for shooting (airless space, a distance of 50 km) traces of astronauts’ stay on the Moon could be taken with a resolution of tenths of a millimeter. Traces of a lunar car are visible. The maximum distance from the spacecraft during such walks is an impressive 10 kilometers. And, again, in any archives of the Network we do not find detailed, sufficiently long filming of such remarkable voyages. The film captures two or three minutes of movement of the all-terrain vehicle in a circle. One of the weighty hooks of the supporters of the «lunar conspiracy» is the too rapid fall of the soil that escaped from the wheels of the car. Gravity and, accordingly, the acceleration of gravity on the Moon is six times less than the Earth’s.